| 单词 | by the roots |
| 释义 | > as lemmasby the roots b. by the roots; by the ground: (? originally = from the foundation), completely. ΚΠ c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 1132 Floure of lyme in oil, yf thou confounde And helde it in, upheleth it by grounde. 1713 G. Berkeley Three Dialogues Hylas & Philonous ii. 86 If I were to..tear up a Tree by the Roots. 1833 H. Martineau Briery Creek ii. 26 They could pull up a tall tree by the roots. by the roots (also root) Phrases P1. to take root.See also to take (also have) strong root at strong adj. 15e. a. Of a plant, seed, etc.: to produce roots through which nutrients and water may be taken from the soil; to become anchored by means of roots; to settle in the ground. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > have root [verb (intransitive)] > take root to take roota1400 roota1425 take?1440 to take rooting1548 sprig1611 radicate1656 to strike root (also roots)1658 tap-root1769 to make root1856 fibre1869 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8222 (MED) Dauid sagh..þat þai wandes tane hade rote. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 10240 (MED) Als smertly as Noee Was goon out..Þe trees tooke rootes anoone..And þere shal stonde euermore. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 265 For a tree may not take þer roote [L. radicem profundere] for saltenes of the erthe. 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms lxxx. 9 Thou..didst cause it to take deepe root, and it filled the land. View more context for this quotation 1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) lxxx. xi Water'd with Blood, the Vine took Root. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. xi. 131 The seeds..take root, and..the whole spot is cloathed in time with a beautiful verdure. 1817 J. Cocke Diary 26 July in E. Betts Thomas Jefferson's Garden Bk. (1999) App. 3. 637 After some time it was found that part of the basket had taken root..and became the first Weeping Willow tree ever known in America. 1960 H. S. Zim Guide to Everglades 52 Strangler fig grows on other trees, strangling them while it takes root. 2006 Our Canada Feb. 17/1 Marram grass..anchors the sand by its extensive root system and allows other species such as wild rose, bayberry, and beech peas to take root. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > originate, derive, or arise [verb (intransitive)] arisec950 syeOE comeOE riselOE springc1175 buildc1340 derivec1386 sourdc1386 proceedc1390 becomea1400 to be descended (from, of)1399 bursta1400 to take roota1400 resolve?c1400 sourdre14.. springc1405 descenda1413 sprayc1425 well?a1475 depart1477 issue1481 provene1505 surmount1522 sprout1567 accrue?1576 source1599 dimane1610 move1615 drill1638 emane1656 emanate1756 originate1758 to hail from1841 deduce1866 inherita1890 stem1932 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 43 (MED) Vr dedis fro vr hert tas rote. c. figurative. To obtain a permanent footing, take hold; (of a person or people) to become established in a place, settle down. Cf. to put down roots at Phrases 9 and also rootfast adj. Frequently with in. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (intransitive)] > be or become established morea1200 roota1382 to take roota1450 take1523 to take rooting1548 to be well warmed1565 seisin1568 to sit down1579 to come to stay1863 a1450 Rule St. Benet (Vesp.) (1902) 2286 (MED) A Priores hertly sal hast Al vice & syns away to waist..Or tyme þat þai haue takin rute. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Kings xix. 30 And the doughter Iuda..shall from hence forth take rote [L. mittet radicem] beneth, and beare frute aboue. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xcijv No suche sectes can take roote or remayne emonges them. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 9 This warlike..Nation, after it had as it were taken roote heere. 1662 Dumfries Council Minutes 10 Nov. in Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. 2 The word of God..had takin little rwit in thair harts. 1713 J. Barker Love Intrigues 5 But Passion takes Root in our Hearts, and very often out-grows and smothers our rational Faculties. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 568 Prejudice in men of stronger minds Takes deeper root, confirm'd by what they see. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. xi. 181 As soon as I had taken root in my new soil. 1862 C. Wordsworth New Test. Gen. Epist. 170 The word Candlestick has taken root in the English language as an emblem of a Church. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 4 July 4/1 After the massacre at Kischineff, after the bloodshed at Homel, the idea of self-defence took root. 1953 A. Hosain Phoenix Fled 25 The repeated suggestion took root in his mind and he brooded over the need to find himself a wife. 1993 U.S. News & World Rep. 11 Jan. 6/2 Cubans have taken root in Miami and done very well. P2. to strike root (also roots). (Cf. to take root at Phrases 1.) a. Of a plant, part of a plant, etc.: to produce roots. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > have root [verb (intransitive)] > take root to take roota1400 roota1425 take?1440 to take rooting1548 sprig1611 radicate1656 to strike root (also roots)1658 tap-root1769 to make root1856 fibre1869 1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 73 The cuttings..will strike root the first year. 1683 S. Gilbert Gardeners Almanack sig. M9, in Florists Vade-mecum Lay July-flowers, which will strike root in six weeks, and be ready for transplanting into a light loamy Earth. 1702 in J. Houghton Coll. Improvem. Husb. & Trade (1727) III. No. 496. 201 They will have contracted a..knur about that part; which being set, does..never fail of growing and striking root. 1776 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) 378 Radicans, rooting, striking Root laterally and fixing to other Bodies. 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 283 It is notched..at the point of tact with the earth which is loosened to encourage the pleach to strike root. 1865 Trans. N.Y. State Agric. Soc. 1864 24 130 The eyes will strike roots, and being cut asunder, form distinct vines. 1921 W. F. Ganong Textbk. Bot. for Colleges v. 259 In general plants of succulent texture, with soft fibro-vascular system and plenty of stored food, strike root most easily. 1964 Amer. Fern Jrnl. 54 59 In many cases these buds strike root and grow into young plants while still attached to the parent leaf. 2008 Augusta (Georgia) Chron. (Nexis) 11 Jan. d3 Even a small willow twig if introduced to soil will strike roots within weeks in the spring. b. figurative. To become established, take hold. ΚΠ 1700 Disc. Sea-ports Ep. Ded. The Design may receive Protection from some Powerful Hand, by which..it may have leave to strike Root and grow to strength enough to be able to stand alone. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 261. ¶5 The Passion should strike Root, and gather Strength before Marriage be grafted on it. 1822 T. De Quincey Confessions Eng. Opium-eater 81 The calamities of my noviciate in London had struck root. 1899 S. R. Gardiner O. Cromwell 36 The idea struck root. 1913 W. F. Griewe Hist. S. Amer. 406 The movement spread to the northern provinces..but it did not strike roots in the south. 1962 Amer. Notes & Queries 1 15/1 From the early 1700s to the present day..it was the musical that struck root as an indigenous form. 2003 Statesman (India) (Nexis) 29 Aug. The Arunachal Pradesh political climate appears favourable for the BJP to strike root. P3. on its (also their) own roots: (of a plant) grown on the original, naturally developed roots, as opposed to having been grafted or budded on to a different rootstock. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [adjective] > wild or not cultivated > not grafted on its (also their) own roots1721 1721 R. Bradley tr. G. A. Agricola Philos. Treat. Husbandry i. §3 iv. 194 I hardly grafted any of 'em on their own roots. 1846 T. Rivers Rose Amateur's Guide (ed. 4) 150 It..seems to flourish on the Manettii stock better than on its own roots. 1914 H. H. Thomas Gardening for Amateurs 696/1 Plants may grow rampantly on their own roots to the material disadvantage of any useful products. 1944 M. G. Kains & L. M. McQuesten Propagation of Plants (rev. ed.) xiv. 334 Why do not nurserymen sell us plants on their own roots? The answer is that in no other way [than grafting] can fruit trees true to name be propagated so rapidly. 1986 J. A. Samson Trop. Fruits (ed. 2) iii. 38 Grafting is especially useful when the rootstock is immune to a disease that attacks the clone on its own roots, e.g. footrot in citrus. P4. by the roots (also root). a. In phrases denoting the complete and thorough destruction or eradication of something, as to pull (also cut, etc.) up by the roots. Cf. to the root (also roots) at Phrases 6. ΚΠ c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 118 (MED) Þai þat ȝiuen stedfastlich her hertes & ben roted in erþelich þinges shullen ben pulled vp by þe rotes & cast in to þe fyre to brenne. a1400 tr. R. Rolle Oleum Effusum (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 188 (MED) Þis name Ihesu..draghes vpe be þo rotes vices. a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1213 (MED) If that thei talk or mote Of werre, and reyse roore, vp by the roote Hit shal be pulde with myghti exercise Of werreourys. 1517 R. Fox tr. St. Benedict Rule xxxiii. sig. Ei Principally and before all other vices, this vice of proprietie must be cut out of the monastery by the roote. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xciijv Wherby these newe spronge vp sectes maye be plucked vp by the rotes. 1640–1 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll. (1721) I. iii. 187 I wonder not at all..that they would have them [sc. Bishops] up by the Roots. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 574 Since the dear hour that..cut up all my follies by the root. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 14 This argument was quite cut up by the roots by the determination of the House of Lords. 1943 M. Millar Wall of Eyes xiii. 176 I should just leave and let your hoodlums tear up the office by the roots. 1996 R. Gosden Cheating Time 6 Everyone is comfortable with the efforts to prune back the effects of the aging process, but fewer people applaud attempts to pull it up by the roots. b. literal. In phrases denoting the complete pulling up of a plant or tree. ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xiii. 29 Nay, lest..ȝe gedrynge dernels, or coclis, draw vp by the roote [L. eradicetis] togidre with hem and the whete. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 79 (MED) If a man take þam with a lytill of þe roche þat þai growe on, so þat þai be taken vp by þe rutes [Fr. racyne]..þai growe ilke a ȝere visibilly. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hi He..plucketh vp the breers, wedes, & grasse by the rotes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) v. iv. 69 Yonder stands the thornie Wood, Which..Must by the Roots be hew'ne vp yet ere Night. View more context for this quotation 1762 A. Dickson Treat. Agric. i. xiii. 105 The weeds themselves must be pulled up by the root. 1833 H. Martineau Briery Creek ii. 26 They could pull up a tall tree by the roots. 1905 Times 21 Jan. 7/6 When nearly ripe the flax is plucked up by the roots..and ‘rippled’ or combed of its roots and seeds. 2002 A. Pearson I don't know how she does It (2003) xxxii. 281 It felt like the baby was an oak being pulled up by the roots from claggy, November earth. P5. root and rind: utterly, completely, altogether; esp. with reference to destruction. Cf. crop and root at crop n. 5, root and branch adv. rare after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > completely [phrase] high and low1397 every (also ilk, ilka) stick?a1400 root and rind?a1400 hair and hide?c1450 stout and routc1450 bane and routc1480 overthwart and endlonga1500 (in) hide and hairc1575 right out1578 horse and footc1600 flesh and fella1616 root and branch1640 stab and stow1680 stoop and roop1728 stick, stock, stone dead1796 rump and stump1824 stump and rump1825 rump and rig1843 good and1885 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 3261 (MED) Every man and bridd and beste, And flour and gras and rote and rinde..Schal sterve, and Erthe it schal become.] ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 333 Toward þe North he schoke, To chace kyng Robyn,..destroie him rote & rynde. c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Fabula Duorum Mercatorum (Harl.) 271 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 495 (MED) The[i] were ful besy to fynd oute, roote and rynde, Of what humour was causyd his dissese. c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) 66 (MED) He breketh hem [sc. trees] asondre or rendeth hem roote & rynde Out of the erthe. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) l. sig. Kiiiv The monster ranne to a tree..and..tare it vp rote and rinde. 1574 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Job (new ed.) lxxvii. 397/1 God will plucke them [sc. the wicked] vp roote and rinde. 1640 J. Howell Δενδρολογια 60 Druina's Soveraigne Monarch, with his Royall Consort, and Princely Imps, Root and Rinde, Stemme and Stock, Bud and Blossome, had all beene blasted. 1827 A. J. Jardine Fragm. Church Hist. 76 To cut up heresy root and rind was the object of the Church. 1981 Mag. Fantasy & Sci. Fiction July 133/1 My mother was locked root and rind to the holder and wielder of that power. P6. to the root (also roots): as far or as much as possible; completely; thoroughly. ΚΠ c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2 Whan that Aueryll wt his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the roote. a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Hij My hart, this rare frindship hath pearst to the roote. 1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love iv. vi. sig. K That so she might more strictly, and to roote, Effect the Reformation she intends. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. i. 28 What's his name, and Birth?.. I cannot delue him to the roote. a1785 R. Glover Athenaid (1787) III. xxiv. 101 Blasted to the root Is all my joy. 1862 J. Ruskin Unto this Last i. 33 He [sc. the merchant] has to understand to their very root the qualities of the thing he deals in. 1904 W. B. Yeats Let. 11 May (1994) III. 593 Having found but one thing in Ireland that has stirred me to the roots—a conception of the heroic life come down from the dawn of the world. 2003 K. Hosseini Kite Runner (2004) xii. 126 The man is a Pashtun to the root. P7. by root of heart: by heart, from memory. Cf. sense 8a. Now rare. [Especially in later use, root is perhaps an alteration (by folk-etymological association) of rote (see rote n.1 1 and discussion at that entry).] ΚΠ 1607 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois v. 63 As illiterate men say Latine praiers By roote of heart, and daily iteration. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 11 That thou read therein to thy self and to thy Children, until you have got it by root-of-Heart . View more context for this quotation 1877 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque in Cornhill Mag. July 82 I lie here, by this water, to learn by root-of-heart a lesson. 1896 J. MacNeil Spirit-filled Life xii. 77 Let us learn it by root of heart, that every Pentecost since the first has, in like manner, been preceded by an Ascension. 1909 J. H. McCarthy God of Love viii. 118 She knew all the verses of Guido Guinicelli by root of heart. P8. at (the) root: at bottom, fundamentally; in essence. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [adverb] radically?a1425 fundamentallyc1449 primordially1604 primitively1610 cardinally1631 at (the) root1638 centrally1646 ultimately1660 au fond1782 basally1882 basically1903 1638 G. Sandys Paraphr. Iob i. 21 in Paraphr. Divine Poems How perfect then is man? from head to foot Defil'd with filth, and rotten at the root. 1654 I. Penington Divine Ess. x. 95 That which is but spirit in a type, or by vertue of a dispensation, but is still flesh at root in its own in most nature. 1660 Whole Triall Mr. Christopher Love 102 The grand work, at heart, at root, was the subversion of the present Government. 1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! I. ii. 45 He was, at root, a godly and kind-hearted pedant enough. 1869 E. S. P. Ward Men, Women, & Ghosts 148 It [sc. spiritualism] is evil,—evil at the root; and..had better be let alone. 1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 33/2 Is not true love itself holy? for love is the fountain of all man's bliss, and all love, like goodness and truth, is at root one. 1909 J. Moyes in Rep. 19th Eucharistic Congr. 1908 37 Both these twin Reformational principles are at root logically one. 1963 D. M. Matheson tr. F. Schuon Understanding Islam i. 20 Moslem antihistoricism..culminates in this rejection which is at root quite external and for some even doubtful as to its intention. 2005 Oxf. Amer. Fall 111/2 What drives him is, surely, not so different at root from what drives any number of academically trained, thoroughly plugged-in practitioners. P9. to put down roots: to become established in a place, to settle down. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] > establish residence wickc897 telda1325 buildc1340 nestlea1382 to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400 to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425 to take one's lodgec1475 reside1490 inhabit1548 to settle one's rest1562 to sit down1579 to set up (or in) one's staff (of rest)1584 to set (up) one's rest1590 nest1591 to set down one's rest1591 roost1593 inherit1600 habituate1603 seat1612 to take up (one's) residencea1626 settle1627 pitch1629 fix1638 locate1652 to marry and settle1718 domesticate1768 domiciliate1815 to hang up one's hat1826 domicile1831 to stick one's stakes1872 homestead1877 to put down roots1882 to hang one's hat1904 localize1930 1882 Tinsley's Mag. Jan. 57/1 He had put down roots in London. 1928 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 140 338/2 They have put down roots in Africa; many are three generations removed from India. 1969 A. G. Thomas in L. Durrell Spirit of Place 117 On three occasions, when he has bought a house and put down roots, the whole collection has been posted out to him. 2002 Wall St. Jrnl. 16 Dec. r10/5 If we have relocated to a new community, we become promiscuous joiners in order to put down roots and make new friends. < as lemmas |
| 随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。