wrawadj.

Forms: α. Middle English wrah, Middle English wragh, Middle English wraȝe; Middle English wrau, Middle English (1800s northern dialect) wrawe, Middle English–1500s wraw, 1800s dialect raw. β. Middle English wrowe, wroȝ, Middle English wrow.

Etymology: Of obscure origin; the forms indicate an unrecorded Old English *wráh, *wrág.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

a. Of persons: Angry, wrathful, wroth.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective]

irrec825

gramec893

wemodc897

wrothc950

bolghenc1000

gramelyc1000

hotOE

on fireOE

brathc1175

moodyc1175

to-bollenc1175

wrethfulc1175

wraw?c1225

agrameda1300

wrathfula1300

agremedc1300

hastivec1300

irousa1340

wretheda1340

aniredc1350

felonc1374

angryc1380

upreareda1382

jealous1382

crousea1400

grieveda1400

irefula1400

mada1400

teena1400

wraweda1400

wretthy14..

angryc1405

errevousa1420

wrothy1422

angereda1425

passionatec1425

fumous1430

tangylc1440

heavy1452

fire angry1490

wrothsomea1529

angerful?1533

wrothful?1534

wrath1535

provoked1538

warm1547

vibrant1575

chauffe1582

fuming1582

enfeloned1596

incensed1597

choleric1598

inflameda1600

raiseda1600

exasperate1601

angried1609

exasperated1611

dispassionate1635

bristlinga1639

peltish1648

sultry1671

on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672

nangry1681

ugly1687

sorea1694

glimflashy1699

enraged1732

spunky1809

cholerous1822

kwaai1827

wrathy1828

angersome1834

outraged1836

irate1838

vex1843

raring1845

waxy1853

stiff1856

scotty1867

bristly1872

hot under the collar1879

black angry1894

spitfire1894

passionful1901

ignorant1913

hairy1914

snaky1919

steamed1923

uptight1934

broigus1937

lemony1941

ripped1941

pissed1943

crooked1945

teed off1955

ticked off1959

ripe1966

torqued1967

bummed1970

?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 304 Þet nan from ow ne parti wið scandle ne wrah ne mispaiet.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1675 Þis iherde Leir king. þar-fore he wes swuþe wrah [c1300 Otho and wraþþede him swipe].

a1300 Thrush & Nightingale in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 51 Hy gladieth hem that beth wrowe.

c1315 Shoreham iv. 139 Wat helpþe hyt so wrau to be, Wanne þou wyþ gode chyst?

c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 46 With this speche the Cook wax wrooth & wraw.

c1400 Rule St. Benet (Prose) 8 Wisit þat er seke;..Sahtil þat ere wraȝe.

c1500 Blowbols Test. 306 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 105 They be than so angry and so wraw.

a1529 J. Skelton Poems against Garnesche in Poet Wks. (1843) I. 119 Thow mantycore..Wranglynge, waywyrde, wytles, wraw, and nothyng meke.

1811 R. Willan in Archaeol. (1814) XVII. 163 Wrawe, angry.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 126 Raw, angry.—Sittingbourne.

b. Marked or characterized by anger or ire.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] > characterized by anger

wrothc1000

wrethfulc1325

wrathful1390

angrya1393

wrawc1475

wrothful1535

choleric1567

irascible1659

wrathy1873

c1475 Promptorium Parvulorum (K.) 80/2 Clenchyn a-ȝen in wraw speche,..obgarrio.

2. Peevish, crabbed; perverse, contrarious.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > [adjective]

stour1303

thwarta1325

elvishc1386

wrawc1386

wrawfulc1386

crabbeda1400

crousea1400

cursedc1400

doggeda1425

currishc1460

disagreeable1474

dour1488

thrawn1488

terne?1507

apirsmarta1522

crustyc1570

incommodious1570

bilious1571

mischievous-stomached1577

thrawn-faced1578

thrawn-mowit1578

wearisha1586

shrewish1596

rhubarbative1600

crabbish1606

ill-tempereda1616

cur-like1627

thrawn-faceda1628

terned1638

cross1639

splenial1641

frumpish1647

wry1649

bad-tempered1671

hot-tempered1673

sidy1673

ugly1687

ornery1692

cankerya1699

ramgunshoch1721

cantankerousc1736

frumpy1746

unhappy1756

grumpy1778

crabby1791

grumpish1797

thraw-gabbit18..

snarlish1813

cranky1821

stuntya1825

ill-natured1825

nattery1825

rantankerous1832

foul-tempered1835

cacochymical1836

as cross as two sticks1842

grumphy1846

knappy1855

carnaptious1858

cussed1858

three-cornered1863

snotty1870

sniffy1871

snorty1893

grouchy1895

scratchy1925

tight1950

stroppy1951

snitty1978

arsey1989

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse

wharfedc1175

thwart-over?c1225

fromwardc1275

thwarta1325

wilgernc1325

contrariousa1340

froward1340

rebours1340

awaywarda1375

overthwartc1384

protervec1384

waywardc1384

arsewardc1386

wrawc1386

wrawfulc1386

crabbeda1400

ungraitha1400

wraweda1400

awklyc1400

perversec1425

awkc1440

perversiosec1475

crooked1508

wrayward1516

awkward1530

difficilec1533

peevish1539

protervous1547

overthwarting1552

untowardly1561

difficult1589

cross1594

cama1600

frowish1601

awkwardish1613

haggardly1635

pigheadeda1637

cross-grained1647

wry1649

crossfulc1680

thwarting1718

kim-kama1734

wronghead1737

piggish1742

witherly1790

top-thrawn1808

contrary1850

cussed1858

three-cornered1863

thwarteous1890

bloody-minded1935

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋677 Accidie maketh hym heuy thoughtfull & wrawe [v.rr. wrowe, Ellesmere MS. wrawful].

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 99/2 Crabbyd, awke, or wrawe.., ceronicus, bilosus.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 533/1 Wraw, froward, ongoodly,..protervus, exasperans.

Derivatives

† ˈwrawful adj. Obsolete = 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > [adjective]

stour1303

thwarta1325

elvishc1386

wrawc1386

wrawfulc1386

crabbeda1400

crousea1400

cursedc1400

doggeda1425

currishc1460

disagreeable1474

dour1488

thrawn1488

terne?1507

apirsmarta1522

crustyc1570

incommodious1570

bilious1571

mischievous-stomached1577

thrawn-faced1578

thrawn-mowit1578

wearisha1586

shrewish1596

rhubarbative1600

crabbish1606

ill-tempereda1616

cur-like1627

thrawn-faceda1628

terned1638

cross1639

splenial1641

frumpish1647

wry1649

bad-tempered1671

hot-tempered1673

sidy1673

ugly1687

ornery1692

cankerya1699

ramgunshoch1721

cantankerousc1736

frumpy1746

unhappy1756

grumpy1778

crabby1791

grumpish1797

thraw-gabbit18..

snarlish1813

cranky1821

stuntya1825

ill-natured1825

nattery1825

rantankerous1832

foul-tempered1835

cacochymical1836

as cross as two sticks1842

grumphy1846

knappy1855

carnaptious1858

cussed1858

three-cornered1863

snotty1870

sniffy1871

snorty1893

grouchy1895

scratchy1925

tight1950

stroppy1951

snitty1978

arsey1989

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse

wharfedc1175

thwart-over?c1225

fromwardc1275

thwarta1325

wilgernc1325

contrariousa1340

froward1340

rebours1340

awaywarda1375

overthwartc1384

protervec1384

waywardc1384

arsewardc1386

wrawc1386

wrawfulc1386

crabbeda1400

ungraitha1400

wraweda1400

awklyc1400

perversec1425

awkc1440

perversiosec1475

crooked1508

wrayward1516

awkward1530

difficilec1533

peevish1539

protervous1547

overthwarting1552

untowardly1561

difficult1589

cross1594

cama1600

frowish1601

awkwardish1613

haggardly1635

pigheadeda1637

cross-grained1647

wry1649

crossfulc1680

thwarting1718

kim-kama1734

wronghead1737

piggish1742

witherly1790

top-thrawn1808

contrary1850

cussed1858

three-cornered1863

thwarteous1890

bloody-minded1935

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋677 Accidie maketh hym heuy thoughtfull & wrawe [v.rr. wrowe, Ellesmere MS. wrawful].

† ˈwrawly adv. Obsolete perversely.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adverb] > perversely

witherc1200

contrariouslyc1380

waywardly1395

frowardlya1400

overthwartlya1425

wrawlyc1440

protervely1447

perverselya1513

thrawnlya1522

perversedlya1525

thrawartly1533

thwartly1558

backwardlya1586

unreclaimablya1616

peevishlya1680

untowardly1682

bloody-mindedly1716

wrong-headedly1737

thrawart-like1768

cross-grained1825

pigheadedly1836

cussedly1868

contrariwise1873

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 18/2 Awkely, or wrawely, perverse, contrarie.

† ˈwrawness n. Obsolete perverseness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > perverseness

frowardnessa1300

waywardnessc1384

wrawnessc1386

frowardship14..

perversity?a1425

frowardheadc1470

overthwartnessc1475

adversity1489

perversednessa1500

thrawnness1499

untowardnessa1525

protervitya1527

repugnancy1557

thrawardness1567

contrariousness1571

crookedness1576

thwartness1577

pervertness1581

peevishness1582

awkness1587

crabbedness1598

untowardliness1598

crossness1600

difficileness1612

contrariness1642

perverseness1644

cross-grainedness1652

wrong-headedness1740

pigheadedness1801

cussedness1852

orneriness1880

bloody-mindedness1910

difficultness1934

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋680 He dooth alle thyng with anoy and with wrawnesse, slaknesse, and excusacion.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 533/1 Wrawnesse, protervia,..bilositas, perversitas.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	wraw
释义	wrawadj. Forms: α. Middle English wrah, Middle English wragh, Middle English wraȝe; Middle English wrau, Middle English (1800s northern dialect) wrawe, Middle English–1500s wraw, 1800s dialect raw. β. Middle English wrowe, wroȝ, Middle English wrow. Etymology: Of obscure origin; the forms indicate an unrecorded Old English wráh, wrág. Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. a. Of persons: Angry, wrathful, wroth. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] irrec825 gramec893 wemodc897 wrothc950 bolghenc1000 gramelyc1000 hotOE on fireOE brathc1175 moodyc1175 to-bollenc1175 wrethfulc1175 wraw?c1225 agrameda1300 wrathfula1300 agremedc1300 hastivec1300 irousa1340 wretheda1340 aniredc1350 felonc1374 angryc1380 upreareda1382 jealous1382 crousea1400 grieveda1400 irefula1400 mada1400 teena1400 wraweda1400 wretthy14.. angryc1405 errevousa1420 wrothy1422 angereda1425 passionatec1425 fumous1430 tangylc1440 heavy1452 fire angry1490 wrothsomea1529 angerful?1533 wrothful?1534 wrath1535 provoked1538 warm1547 vibrant1575 chauffe1582 fuming1582 enfeloned1596 incensed1597 choleric1598 inflameda1600 raiseda1600 exasperate1601 angried1609 exasperated1611 dispassionate1635 bristlinga1639 peltish1648 sultry1671 on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672 nangry1681 ugly1687 sorea1694 glimflashy1699 enraged1732 spunky1809 cholerous1822 kwaai1827 wrathy1828 angersome1834 outraged1836 irate1838 vex1843 raring1845 waxy1853 stiff1856 scotty1867 bristly1872 hot under the collar1879 black angry1894 spitfire1894 passionful1901 ignorant1913 hairy1914 snaky1919 steamed1923 uptight1934 broigus1937 lemony1941 ripped1941 pissed1943 crooked1945 teed off1955 ticked off1959 ripe1966 torqued1967 bummed1970 ?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 304 Þet nan from ow ne parti wið scandle ne wrah ne mispaiet. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1675 Þis iherde Leir king. þar-fore he wes swuþe wrah [c1300 Otho and wraþþede him swipe]. a1300 Thrush & Nightingale in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 51 Hy gladieth hem that beth wrowe. c1315 Shoreham iv. 139 Wat helpþe hyt so wrau to be, Wanne þou wyþ gode chyst? c1386 G. Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 46 With this speche the Cook wax wrooth & wraw. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Prose) 8 Wisit þat er seke;..Sahtil þat ere wraȝe. c1500 Blowbols Test. 306 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 105 They be than so angry and so wraw. a1529 J. Skelton Poems against Garnesche in Poet Wks. (1843) I. 119 Thow mantycore..Wranglynge, waywyrde, wytles, wraw, and nothyng meke. 1811 R. Willan in Archaeol. (1814) XVII. 163 Wrawe, angry. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 126 Raw, angry.—Sittingbourne. b. Marked or characterized by anger or ire. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] > characterized by anger wrothc1000 wrethfulc1325 wrathful1390 angrya1393 wrawc1475 wrothful1535 choleric1567 irascible1659 wrathy1873 c1475 Promptorium Parvulorum (K.) 80/2 Clenchyn a-ȝen in wraw speche,..obgarrio. 2. Peevish, crabbed; perverse, contrarious. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > [adjective] stour1303 thwarta1325 elvishc1386 wrawc1386 wrawfulc1386 crabbeda1400 crousea1400 cursedc1400 doggeda1425 currishc1460 disagreeable1474 dour1488 thrawn1488 terne?1507 apirsmarta1522 crustyc1570 incommodious1570 bilious1571 mischievous-stomached1577 thrawn-faced1578 thrawn-mowit1578 wearisha1586 shrewish1596 rhubarbative1600 crabbish1606 ill-tempereda1616 cur-like1627 thrawn-faceda1628 terned1638 cross1639 splenial1641 frumpish1647 wry1649 bad-tempered1671 hot-tempered1673 sidy1673 ugly1687 ornery1692 cankerya1699 ramgunshoch1721 cantankerousc1736 frumpy1746 unhappy1756 grumpy1778 crabby1791 grumpish1797 thraw-gabbit18.. snarlish1813 cranky1821 stuntya1825 ill-natured1825 nattery1825 rantankerous1832 foul-tempered1835 cacochymical1836 as cross as two sticks1842 grumphy1846 knappy1855 carnaptious1858 cussed1858 three-cornered1863 snotty1870 sniffy1871 snorty1893 grouchy1895 scratchy1925 tight1950 stroppy1951 snitty1978 arsey1989 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse wharfedc1175 thwart-over?c1225 fromwardc1275 thwarta1325 wilgernc1325 contrariousa1340 froward1340 rebours1340 awaywarda1375 overthwartc1384 protervec1384 waywardc1384 arsewardc1386 wrawc1386 wrawfulc1386 crabbeda1400 ungraitha1400 wraweda1400 awklyc1400 perversec1425 awkc1440 perversiosec1475 crooked1508 wrayward1516 awkward1530 difficilec1533 peevish1539 protervous1547 overthwarting1552 untowardly1561 difficult1589 cross1594 cama1600 frowish1601 awkwardish1613 haggardly1635 pigheadeda1637 cross-grained1647 wry1649 crossfulc1680 thwarting1718 kim-kama1734 wronghead1737 piggish1742 witherly1790 top-thrawn1808 contrary1850 cussed1858 three-cornered1863 thwarteous1890 bloody-minded1935 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋677 Accidie maketh hym heuy thoughtfull & wrawe [v.rr. wrowe, Ellesmere MS. wrawful]. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 99/2 Crabbyd, awke, or wrawe.., ceronicus, bilosus. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 533/1 Wraw, froward, ongoodly,..protervus, exasperans. Derivatives † ˈwrawful adj. Obsolete = 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > [adjective] stour1303 thwarta1325 elvishc1386 wrawc1386 wrawfulc1386 crabbeda1400 crousea1400 cursedc1400 doggeda1425 currishc1460 disagreeable1474 dour1488 thrawn1488 terne?1507 apirsmarta1522 crustyc1570 incommodious1570 bilious1571 mischievous-stomached1577 thrawn-faced1578 thrawn-mowit1578 wearisha1586 shrewish1596 rhubarbative1600 crabbish1606 ill-tempereda1616 cur-like1627 thrawn-faceda1628 terned1638 cross1639 splenial1641 frumpish1647 wry1649 bad-tempered1671 hot-tempered1673 sidy1673 ugly1687 ornery1692 cankerya1699 ramgunshoch1721 cantankerousc1736 frumpy1746 unhappy1756 grumpy1778 crabby1791 grumpish1797 thraw-gabbit18.. snarlish1813 cranky1821 stuntya1825 ill-natured1825 nattery1825 rantankerous1832 foul-tempered1835 cacochymical1836 as cross as two sticks1842 grumphy1846 knappy1855 carnaptious1858 cussed1858 three-cornered1863 snotty1870 sniffy1871 snorty1893 grouchy1895 scratchy1925 tight1950 stroppy1951 snitty1978 arsey1989 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > perverse wharfedc1175 thwart-over?c1225 fromwardc1275 thwarta1325 wilgernc1325 contrariousa1340 froward1340 rebours1340 awaywarda1375 overthwartc1384 protervec1384 waywardc1384 arsewardc1386 wrawc1386 wrawfulc1386 crabbeda1400 ungraitha1400 wraweda1400 awklyc1400 perversec1425 awkc1440 perversiosec1475 crooked1508 wrayward1516 awkward1530 difficilec1533 peevish1539 protervous1547 overthwarting1552 untowardly1561 difficult1589 cross1594 cama1600 frowish1601 awkwardish1613 haggardly1635 pigheadeda1637 cross-grained1647 wry1649 crossfulc1680 thwarting1718 kim-kama1734 wronghead1737 piggish1742 witherly1790 top-thrawn1808 contrary1850 cussed1858 three-cornered1863 thwarteous1890 bloody-minded1935 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋677 Accidie maketh hym heuy thoughtfull & wrawe [v.rr. wrowe, Ellesmere MS. wrawful]. † ˈwrawly adv. Obsolete perversely. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adverb] > perversely witherc1200 contrariouslyc1380 waywardly1395 frowardlya1400 overthwartlya1425 wrawlyc1440 protervely1447 perverselya1513 thrawnlya1522 perversedlya1525 thrawartly1533 thwartly1558 backwardlya1586 unreclaimablya1616 peevishlya1680 untowardly1682 bloody-mindedly1716 wrong-headedly1737 thrawart-like1768 cross-grained1825 pigheadedly1836 cussedly1868 contrariwise1873 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 18/2 Awkely, or wrawely, perverse, contrarie. † ˈwrawness n. Obsolete perverseness. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > perverseness frowardnessa1300 waywardnessc1384 wrawnessc1386 frowardship14.. perversity?a1425 frowardheadc1470 overthwartnessc1475 adversity1489 perversednessa1500 thrawnness1499 untowardnessa1525 protervitya1527 repugnancy1557 thrawardness1567 contrariousness1571 crookedness1576 thwartness1577 pervertness1581 peevishness1582 awkness1587 crabbedness1598 untowardliness1598 crossness1600 difficileness1612 contrariness1642 perverseness1644 cross-grainedness1652 wrong-headedness1740 pigheadedness1801 cussedness1852 orneriness1880 bloody-mindedness1910 difficultness1934 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋680 He dooth alle thyng with anoy and with wrawnesse, slaknesse, and excusacion. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 533/1 Wrawnesse, protervia,..bilositas, perversitas. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † wrawv. Forms: Also Middle English wrawen. Etymology: < Middle Dutch wrauwen, of imitative origin. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To miaul, as a cat; to mew. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [verb (intransitive)] > miaow kewtc1440 maw1481 wraw1481 wrawl1596 maule1599 mewl1611 meow1632 miaul1632 yow1820 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 22 Thenne..began he [sc. Tybert the Cat] to wrawen, for he was almost y stranglyd. 1662 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 611 Quhan we vold [= would] be in the shap of cattis, we did nothing but cry and wraw. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.?c1225v.1481
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wrawadj.

Derivatives

† wrawv.