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单词 workful
释义

workfuladj.

Brit. /ˈwəːkf(ᵿ)l/, U.S. /ˈwərkf(ə)l/
Forms: see work n. and -ful suffix.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: work n., -ful suffix.
Etymology: < work n. + -ful suffix.
1. Active, operative; effectual. rare after 17th cent.In quot. OE: (of a person) lively, animated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > [adjective] > in operation
workfulOE
operant?a1425
operative?a1425
inworking1587
energetical1595
afloat1604
working1609
energetic1629
active1641
energizing1751
energic1786
operating1825
functioning1835
running1842
functionating1884
functional1892
OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) liii. 325 Sapiens uir mulierem respuit gestuosam : wis wer wif onscunað weorcfull.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 199 Þe uirtues huerof we habbeþ y-speke aboue be-longeþ to þe uerste liue þet is ycleped workuol.
1565 T. Harding Confut. Apol. Church of Eng. ii. xiii. f. 97 Seest thou then how workefull is the word of Christ?
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. v. 60 In the most single essence of God, there is a workfull power.
1610 H. Broughton Reuelation Holy Apocalyps (new ed.) xv. 237 God..because men did not receiue the loue of the trueth, to be saued, sendeth workfull error.
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. sig. b7v The Philosophy of our day and Land being so much workful as the world knows it to be.
1862 H. R. F. Bourne Mem. Sir Philip Sidney xiii. 408 First of all, there is a workful Power, Ability, the basis of all action.
2010 A. Benjamin Writing Art & Archit. 98 The substantive centrality is given to what can be described as the object's workful nature and thus to its active or dynamic quality. As a consequence what insists is the question of the way the work works.
2. Characterized by, involving, or given to (hard) work; industrious, diligent.
ΘΠ
society > occupation and work > work > attitudes to work > [adjective]
workfulOE
laboursome1552
work-shy1883
work-minded1931
Luddite1957
workaholic1972
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [adjective] > laborious or toilsome
soreOE
workfulOE
hardOE
torc1175
beswinkfulc1230
heavya1325
sweatyc1374
travailousa1382
laboriousa1393
laborousc1405
winful1443
painfulc1480
toilous1530
operousa1538
drudging1548
travailsome1549
laboursome1551
moilingc1566
toilsome?1570
toilful1573
sweating1592
insudate1609
sweatfula1618
moliminous1656
operose1659
swinking1693
schleppy1978
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [adjective] > diligent or industrious
busyOE
swinkfulOE
laboriousa1393
virtuousc1450
eident1529
operose1546
laboursome1552
industrious1591
work-likea1642
work-brittle1647
notable1666
nitle1673
hard-working1682
worksome1830
shirtsleeve1864
workful1875
OE Glosses to Enchiridion of St. Augustine (Trin. Cambr. O.1.18) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 196 Operosioris [uberiorisque doctrinae est]: weorcfulran.
1731 Misc. Poems Several Hands 127 Lash'd unwilling to the hated Wheel, Some lab'ring Turnspit sweats with workful Toil Ceaseless.
1854 C. Dickens Hard Times i. v. 27 You saw nothing in Coketown but what was severely workful.
1875 G. J. Holyoake Hist. Co-operation in Eng. I. xii. 353 Being very watchful and workful as a secretary.
1891 Rev. of Reviews 15 Oct. 352/2 Seven happy workful months spent in Paris.
1910 Continent 29 Dec. 1876/1 Two sabbaths and a workful year between.
1996 Relig. & Lit. 28 130 The busy, workful and rather austerely Protestant history of an industrial and scientifically minded city from Roman times.
2010 D. Rhoten & W. Lutters in W. S. Bainbridge Online Worlds xxi. 274 Will the act of collaborative work turn more playful, or will collective play turn more workful in virtual worlds of the future?

Derivatives

ˈworkfulness n. (a) activity, efficaciousness (obsolete); (b) the fact or action of engaging in (hard) work; the condition of being so engaged.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > [noun]
workOE
operationa1393
workmanshipc1400
actionc1405
act?a1425
workinga1425
activityc1485
executiona1530
play1548
workfulness1570
inworking1587
acting1605
agency1606
operancea1625
transaction1663
operancyc1811
outworking1846
mediacy1854
functioning1856
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > labour or toil
workeOE
i-swincheOE
swenchOE
swote971
swingc1000
swinkOE
swinkinga1225
travailc1275
cark1330
sweatc1380
the sweat of (one's) brow (brows), facec1380
laboura1382
swengc1400
labouragec1470
toil1495
laborationa1500
tug1504
urea1510
carp1548
turmoil1569
moil1612
praelabour1663
fatigue1669
insudation1669
till?a1800
Kaffir work1848
graft1853
workfulness1854
collar-work1871
yakka1888
swot1899
heavy lifting1934
1570 A. Golding tr. D. Chytræus Postil 234 Of the workfulnesse of the woorde: of Apostles: of the vniuersall calling of all nacions.
1854 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 21 459/1 He might have seen, in any Coketown of the manufacturing districts, an allowance of what is playful, to compensate for its workfulness.
1903 J. C. Smith R. Wallace vi. 174 He resigned..a position of usefulness and workfulness.
2006 C. Gallagher Body Econ. iii. 63 The novel is both product and producer of the severe workfulness it seems to criticize.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.OE
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