单词 | woke |
释义 | † wokeadj.1 Obsolete. = weak adj. in various senses. a. Pliant, flexible (only Old English). b. Lacking in strength, vigour, endurance, or courage; inferior physically or morally. c. Lowly in status or degree; insignificant. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily weakness > [adjective] wokec897 unstronga900 unmightyeOE feeblec1175 strengthlessc1175 unwieldc1220 weaka1300 frailc1384 unwieldyc1386 unthendec1425 dissolutec1450 unsure?a1475 feyc1475 simple1477 unfirm1483 unsinewed?1541 wash1548 weakling1557 ladylike1566 silly1567 water weak1592 washya1631 wankle1686 foible1715 unmuscular1725 nerveless1792 wankly1795 shilpit1813 wankya1825 sinewless1829 weedy-looking1835 queachy1859 insubstantiala1861 paper-backed1888 weak-fleshed1967 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > low or subordinate wokec897 lessOE lesserc1225 secondary1386 lowerc1390 subalternate?a1425 subsidiary1603 pedaneous1617 subordinate1620 undergraduate1655 subdominant1826 unlofty1869 lower case1917 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > [adjective] leasteOE wokec897 littleOE lowc1175 eathlyc1200 smallc1275 simplec1300 meana1375 humblec1386 ignoble1447 servile1447 base1490 slighta1500 sober1533 silly1568 unresponsal1579 dunghilled1600 villainous1607 without name1611 woollena1616 dunghilly1616 unresponsible1629 under-stateda1661 low-down1865 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xlii. 306 Sua sua wac hreod & idel, ðe ælc hwiða windes mæg awecggan. OE Wanderer 67 Wita sceal geþyldig, ne sceal no to hatheort ne to hrædwyrde, ne to wac wiga ne to wanhydig, ne to forht ne to fægen, ne to feohgifre ne næfre gielpes to georn, ær he geare cunne. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 2 Ic Ælfric munuc and mæssepreost, swa þeah waccre þonne swilcum hadum gebyrige. 1050–73 Charter in Thorpe Charters (1865) 430 ii forealdode rædingbec swiðe wake, and .i. wac mæssereaf. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 191/19 Lentus, waac. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 18328 Icc amm i me sellfenn wac. & full off unntrummnesse. ?c1225 Ancrene Riwle (Cleo.: Scribe B) (1972) 12 Do wel & deme wac euer þe seoluen [Scribe A as þe seolf]. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 42 Ofte aful haȝer smið smeðeð aful wac knif. c1230 Hali Meid. (1922) 9 Drehen se moni wa, for swa wac huire as te world forȝelt eauer at ten ende. a1275 Prov. Alfred 581 in Old Eng. Misc. 135 Min hew falewidþ, and min wlite is wan, and min herte woc. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11774 Ah fehten ich wulle..wið Arðure kinge. Whaðer unkere swa beoð þere wakere sone he bið þe laðere. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1197 Ghe wurd wið childe, on elde wac. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 354 I am þe wakkest, I wot, and of wyt feblest. c1425 Engl. Conquest Ireland (1896) 146 The englysshe weren both argh & woke to assayllen and to fyght, þe Iresshe stronge & bold to wythstonde. c1450 Mirk's Festial 196 Then callyd þe norys to þe modyr, and bade hur..helpe hur forto folde þe chyldys cloþis; for scho was to woke, and myght not welde hom. 1457 J. Hardyng Chron. i, in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1912) Oct. 743 With incurable mayme that maketh me wake. c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen 389 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 267 For þu art wak & gret with barne. d. woke fish [compare German weichfisch] , dried cod, stockfish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cured fish > dried fish stockfish1290 spalderlingc1340 titling1386 woke fish1386 salpa?1527 spelding1537 lobfish1538 bacalao1555 Poor John1589 buck-horn1602 poorjack1623 Jacka1625 spalding1776 speldring1802 Digby1829 klipfish1835 Bombay duck1850 scale-fish1856 skrae-fish1867 rockfish1876 katsuobushi1891 1386 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1907) H. 299 Stokfisshe [called] halfwoxefisshe [sic]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021). wokeadj.2 U.S. regional and nonstandard (chiefly in African-American usage). 1. Awake; not (or no longer) asleep. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > [adjective] awakea1300 wake1414 unsleeping1614 woke up1871 woke1891 1891 J. C. Harris Balaam & his Master 34 De niggers all laugh, an' one un 'em say, ‘Dat nigger man dreamin', mon. He ain't woke good yit.’ 1928 Portsmouth (Ohio) Daily Times 19 Apr. 20/3 The Harlem Black Belt this week offered gaudy posters reading: The Stay Woke Ball—open from 5 o'clock p.m. until 5 a.m. the next morning. 1958 in R. M. Dorson Negro Tales from Pine Bluff, Arkansas, & Calvin, Mich. liv. 220 When they came back, if the baby was woke, all the milk would be gone, if it wasn't woke only half would be gone. 1978 N.Y. Amsterdam News 21 Oct. b7/4 In school he can barely stay woke. His marks are terrible. 1983 in E. J. Salber Don't send Me Flowers when I'm Dead 46 I ain't got no children crying to keep me woke all night. 2003 ‘K'wan’ Gangsta (ed. 2) xi. 94 ‘He was woke for a while, but they got him all doped up. He was asking for you...’ ‘I'm leaving as we speak. What hospital y'all in?’ 2. figurative and in figurative contexts. Originally: well-informed, up-to-date. Now chiefly: alert to racial or social discrimination and injustice; frequently in stay woke (often used as an exhortation).In later use perhaps popularized through its association with African-American civil rights activism (in recent years particularly the Black Lives Matter movement), and by the lyrics of the 2008 song Master Teacher by American singer-songwriter Erykah Badu, in which the words I stay woke serve as a refrain.For earlier metaphorical use of woke up in political context, see quot. 1943 at woke up adj. ΚΠ 1962 W. M. Kelley in N.Y. Times Mag. 20 May 45 If you're woke, you dig it... Woke.., well-informed, up-to-date (‘Man I'm woke’). 1972 B. Beckham Garvey Lives! (typescript, Univ. of Virginia) Prol. 1 I been sleeping all my life. And now that Mr. Garvey done woke me up, I'm gon stay woke. And I'm gon help him wake up other black folk. 2009 @jonubian 29 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 8 Dec. 2016) They used the RICO laws to imprison Mutulu Shakur..#staywoke #preventativedetention. 2015 @hopiee19 30 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 8 Dec. 2016) The best thing about having a lesbian Grandma is that she is woke af. 2017 Daily Maverick (S. Afr.) (Electronic ed.) 11 Oct. We thought we'd put together a handy guide of things woke male feminists should know and live by. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † wokev. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To grow or become weak, to weaken; to become less severe, be mitigated. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily weakness > become weak [verb (intransitive)] woke993 unstrengea1225 feeble?c1225 windlec1325 enfeeblish1382 weaken?1541 spindle1863 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > anaesthetization, pain-killing, etc. > practise anaesthetization, pain-killing, etc. [verb (intransitive)] > of pain: become weaker weakc1374 wokec1374 993 Battle of Maldon 10 Þe þam man mihte oncnawan þæt se cniht nolde wacian æt þam wige. 1003 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Ðonne se heretoga wacað, þonne bið eall se here swiðe gehindred. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9879 His heorte gon to wakien [c1300 Otho wokie]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6720 Þa heo weore swa drunken þat wakeden heore sconken. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1467 Þa ældede þe king & wakede an aðelan [c1300 Otho failede his mihte]. c1275 Signs of Death 2 in Old Eng. Misc. 101 [H]wenne þin heou blokeþ And þi strengþe wokeþ. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Campsall MS.) iv. 1144 Somwhat to wayken [Harl. MS. woken] gan þe peyne. 2. transitive. a. To dilute, water. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of dilution > dilute [verb (transitive)] thinc1000 woke1377 watera1387 allayc1450 delay1543 dilute1691 lower1698 to water down1866 cut1930 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xv. 332 As who so filled a tonne of a fresshe ryuer, And went forth with þat water to woke with themese. b. To soften (in quot. figurative). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > soak or steep [verb (transitive)] > in water or liquor, esp. in order to soften woke1393 watera1398 yet1511 weak1559 macerate1563 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > make (more) sensitive or tender [verb (transitive)] > specifically of the heart moistc1390 tender1390 woke1393 asoftc1430 supply1534 dulce1558 entender1591 douce1593 unstone1594 moisten?a1661 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xv. 25 Ac grace groweþ nat til goode wil gynne reyne, And wokie þorwe good werkes wikkede hertes. c. To soak in water: = weak v. 1b. ΚΠ 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xvii. 332 [He] with warme water of hus eyen wokeþ hit til hit white. DerivativesΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > [adjective] woked1409 confyte1490 infuse1502 soaking1577 steeped1599 yoted?1615 elixed1665 sodden1820 elixated1823 soaked1829 1409 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1909) I. 71 [A proclamation forbidding the sale by retail of watered fish] pessoun eawee [called in English] Wokedfyssh. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.1c897adj.21891v.993 |
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