woefuladj.adv.

Brit.

/ˈwəʊf(ᵿ)l/, U.S.

/ˈwoʊfəl/

Forms: see woe int., adv., n., and adj. and -ful suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: woe n., -ful suffix.

Etymology: < woe n. + -ful suffix.

A. adj.

1. Afflicted by grief, distress, or misfortune; sorrowful, mournful; (also) expressing or expressive of sorrow or distress.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective]

sorelyc888

gramec893

sorrowfuleOE

unblithec897

sorryeOE

carefulOE

charyOE

sickOE

yomerOE

sorry-moodOE

sweerc1000

yomerlyOE

sorrilyOE

woea1200

balec1220

sorry?c1225

sorec1275

gremefula1300

sada1300

ruthlyc1300

thoughtfulc1300

woebegonea1325

heavyc1330

grievousc1374

woefula1375

sorrowya1382

dereful?a1400

sorousa1400

sytefula1400

teenfula1400

wrotha1400

balefulc1400

tristy?c1400

tristc1420

dolefulc1430

wapped in woec1440

yhevidc1440

dolenta1450

condolentc1460

discomforted1477

tristfula1492

sorrow1496

dram?a1513

dolorous1513

earnful?1527

troublous1535

amort1546

mournfula1558

passioned1560

sadded1566

tristive1578

distressed1586

passionate1586

sorrowed1596

distressful1601

passionful1605

sighful1606

contristed1625

anguishinga1642

sadful1658

saddened1665

tristitious1694

sick as a parrot1705

pangful1727

woesome1778

grieving1807

ruesome1833

yearned1838

doleant1861

mournsome1869

thoughted1869

tragical1887

grief-stricken1905

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2696 As a woful womman sche went to hir chaumber.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11564 Ful waful made he mani wijf!

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 950 (MED) He fyndez A wery wafull wedowe..gretande on a graue grysely teres.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 138 Heryng aboute hym many complayntes of wofull knyghtes.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vii. 54 It aperit be hyr voful contenens, that sche vas in grite dout ande dreddour.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes To Rdr. The infinit numbers of wofull Christians (whose grieuous gronings vnder the heauie yoke of infidelitie, no tongue is able to expresse).

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. i. 32 They dispatch Petition after Petition, Embassie on Embassie, representing their wofull estate.

1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) i. ccxvii. 13 Most woful she Quite sinks in this self-torments monstrous Sea.

a1792 S. Hearne Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort (1795) v. 113 They set up a most woeful cry.

1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 322 The haggard and woful stare of the eye.

1885 E. Arnold Secret of Death 10 Be sure that woeful father wept.

1922 A. P. Terhune Further Adventures of Lad vi. 181 Laboring through the bitter cold and the snow to the house of any neighbor; there to tell his woeful tale of oppression.

1981 R. Davies Rebel Angels (1983) viii. 172 The Warden was looking woeful.

2011 S. Bagwell His Texas Wildflower ix. 162 Her woeful gaze lifted from the floor and over to him.

2. Of a time, place, event, etc.: fraught with or marked by sorrow, distress, or misfortune; causing or evoking woe.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [adjective] > miserable or wretched > full of or attended with misery

wretch1131

wretchlyc1200

woefula1393

miserousc1475

miserable?a1513

miser1542

woe1572

thrallfula1618

the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [adjective] > of conditions or events

wretch1131

wretchedc1200

feeble1297

wrackfulc1311

woefula1393

miserousc1475

miserable?a1513

discomfortablea1535

calamitous1545

tristsum1567

woe1572

untoward1632

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2175 (MED) Thus passen thei that wofull nyht.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 2882 I rede yow take Ensaumple bi þis waful wrake.

c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) l. 260 Oure knyghtis one þ^e gronde lyse With wondes wyde one wafull wyse.

c1508 Want of Wyse Men (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems R. Henryson (1908) III. 170 This is a wofull werde.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iv. iv. 80 O wo, O wofull, wofull, wofull day.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 240 That wofull war betweene the houses of Lancaster and Yorke.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 554 In this wofull Towne dwell not above two or three hundred Inhabitants.

1643 Humble Petition Commissioners Gen. Assembly Jan. 1 In this wofull case, and lamentable condition of your Majesties Dominions.

?1730 Maudlin (single sheet) Here is no place for her,..but woeful death and danger of her life.

1777 W. Dalrymple Trav. Spain & Portugal vi. 56 Many old palaces going to ruins, the woeful memorials of antient splendour.

1803 W. Scott Gray Brother in Minstrelsy Sc. Border (ed. 2) III. iii. 410 A woful place was that, I ween, As sorrow could desire.

1853 N. Hawthorne Minotaur in Tanglewood Tales 28 The wofulest anniversary in the whole year.

1967 T. Wilder Eighth Day ii. 278 She looked over his shoulder, as at some woeful ordeal that must be met.

2005 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 10 July (final ed.) 6 j The stories are full of woeful events, including..a virulent disease and a very ill-advised journey into an Afghan valley.

3. Deserving of or giving rise to condemnation or regret; deplorable, lamentable; very bad; (in weakened sense) terrible, awful.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > wretchedness > [adjective]

unledeeOE

sorryOE

evila1131

usellc1175

wanlichec1275

bad1276

sorry1372

meana1375

caitiff1393

loddera1400

woefula1400

foulc1400

wretched1450

meschant?1473

unselc1480

peevisha1522

miser1542

scurvy?1577

forlorn1582

villainous1582

measled1596

lamented1611

thrallfula1618

despicable1635

deplorable1642

so-and-so1656

poorish1657

squalida1660

lamentable1676

mesquina1706

shan1714

execrable1738

quisby1807

hole in the wall1822

measly1847

bum1878

shag-bag1888

snidey1890

pathetic1900

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adjective] > very great or extreme > specifically of something bad or reprobated

woefula1400

mortalc1425

preciousc1475

fine1559

trim1569

gay1581

unconscionable1590

pocky1601

abominable1612

fearful1634

handsome1638

plaguey1694

dreadful1700

awfy1724

murrain1728

diabolical1750

deuced1782

dire1836

sinful1863

sodding1881

blooming1882

flaming1895

ruddy1896

abysmal1904

awful1916

hellishing1927

right1958

steaming1962

schwag1993

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > [adjective] > worthy of dispraise > worthy of condemnation

damnablec1380

woefula1400

vituperablec1450

condemnablea1586

reprobate1593

vituperous1610

vituperious1612

censurable1635

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 837 (MED) Þe wrangwis wit þar waful wrak þar þai biginning gan to tak.

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 936 He sente..Erlis, barouns and wyse clerkes, To telle off these wooful werkes.

1553 J. Bradford Serm. Repentaunce sig. H.ii Such a one..wil willingly walter & wallow in his woful lustes, plesure & fantisties.

1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (new issue) sig. Y.iii This is a wofull sayng, that because we may not worshyp God as we lust our selues, we wyll not worshyp hym at all.

1619 J. Taylor Kicksey Winsey sig. B5 These mens honesties are like their states, At piteous, wofull, and at low priz'd rates.

1647 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) I. 496 Mun, poore childe, is a woefull schollar.

1691 A. D'Anvers Academia 53 She's in a woful taking, When once she comes to miss her Bacon.

1723 E. Chambers tr. S. Le Clerc Treat. Archit. I. 117 Two Imposts over each other wou'd have a woful Effect.

1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 546 [She] had many good qualities, but was a woeful manager of children.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House lxiii. 602 He..has a woful consciousness upon him of being a scapegrace.

1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting ii. 44 I had to return to camp..in a woful plight, minus my hat, and my shirt torn to ribbons.

1905 Times Lit. Suppl. 2 June 176/3 Wild dogs have..made woful havoc of the sambar and spotted deer.

1940 Los Angeles Times 5 Feb. ii. 9/1 Miss Mead, apparently informed of my woeful inability on the tennis courts, really gave me the business.

2015 Daily Mail (Nexis) 20 June A recent survey revealed a woeful ignorance about Waterloo.

B. adv.

= woefully adv. Now regional and nonstandard.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly > specifically of something bad

sorea1300

grievously1340

terrible1490

beastly?1518

shrewdlyc1533

arrantly?1548

murrainly?1548

abominablea1550

pestilence1567

pestilently1567

cursedly1570

pestiferously1570

murrain1575

plaguey1584

plaguilya1586

grievous1598

scandalously1602

horridly1603

terribly1604

monstrously1611

hellish1614

dreadfullya1616

horrid1615

pestilenta1616

infernally1638

preposterously1661

woeful1684

confoundedly1694

confounded1709

glaringly1709

cursed1719

flagrantly1756

weary1790

disgustingly1804

filthy1827

blamed1833

peskily1833

pesky1833

blame1843

blasted1854

wickedly1858

blatantly1878

shamelessly1885

disgracefully1893

ruddy1913

bastarda1935

pissing1951

sodding1954

pissingly1971

1684 Portsmouth Observed (single sheet) Beer's puddle thick, and Wine is woful small.

1794 M. J. Holroyd Let. 3 Jan. in Girlhood M. J. Holroyd (1896) xii. 259 His others are woful bad.

1871 C. E. K. Davis Granny Bright's Blanket xi. 145 I knew I oughtn't to mourn for him, but it was woeful hard to give him up.

1956 N. Algren Walk on Wild Side i. 7 Boys, I'm woeful sorry, but the Lord just don't want a bunch of dirt-eating buggers walking the Streets of Gold.

2004 M. Hickey Irish Days 33/2 Yesterday was woeful rainy.

Compounds

† In appositive combination with other adjectives of sadness or distress. Obsolete.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from adverbial use.

ΚΠ

?1565 L. Evans tr. Horace Poesyes (single sheet) Flatterers fowle & fell Are wofull sad when y^t they heare, of Tigill: singers deathe.

1582 J. Yates Castell of Courtesie f. 10 I Age will take place: And make thee wofull weary.

1751 T. Gray Elegy xxvii. 10 Now drooping, woeful wan, like one forlorn.

1819 S. Rogers Human Life 282 One woeful-wan, one merrier yet as mad.

1869 E. Bulwer Lytton Poems I. 207 How woeful weary is my want of thee.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	woeful
释义	woefuladj.adv. Brit. /ˈwəʊf(ᵿ)l/, U.S. /ˈwoʊfəl/ Forms: see woe int., adv., n., and adj. and -ful suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: woe n., -ful suffix. Etymology: < woe n. + -ful suffix. A. adj. 1. Afflicted by grief, distress, or misfortune; sorrowful, mournful; (also) expressing or expressive of sorrow or distress. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective] sorelyc888 gramec893 sorrowfuleOE unblithec897 sorryeOE carefulOE charyOE sickOE yomerOE sorry-moodOE sweerc1000 yomerlyOE sorrilyOE woea1200 balec1220 sorry?c1225 sorec1275 sorec1275 gremefula1300 sada1300 ruthlyc1300 thoughtfulc1300 woebegonea1325 heavyc1330 grievousc1374 woefula1375 sorrowya1382 dereful?a1400 sorousa1400 sytefula1400 teenfula1400 wrotha1400 balefulc1400 tristy?c1400 tristc1420 dolefulc1430 wapped in woec1440 yhevidc1440 dolenta1450 condolentc1460 discomforted1477 tristfula1492 sorrow1496 dram?a1513 dolorous1513 earnful?1527 troublous1535 amort1546 mournfula1558 passioned1560 sadded1566 tristive1578 distressed1586 passionate1586 sorrowed1596 distressful1601 passionful1605 sighful1606 contristed1625 anguishinga1642 sadful1658 saddened1665 tristitious1694 sick as a parrot1705 pangful1727 woesome1778 grieving1807 ruesome1833 yearned1838 doleant1861 mournsome1869 thoughted1869 tragical1887 grief-stricken1905 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2696 As a woful womman sche went to hir chaumber. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11564 Ful waful made he mani wijf! c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 950 (MED) He fyndez A wery wafull wedowe..gretande on a graue grysely teres. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 138 Heryng aboute hym many complayntes of wofull knyghtes. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vii. 54 It aperit be hyr voful contenens, that sche vas in grite dout ande dreddour. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes To Rdr. The infinit numbers of wofull Christians (whose grieuous gronings vnder the heauie yoke of infidelitie, no tongue is able to expresse). 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. i. 32 They dispatch Petition after Petition, Embassie on Embassie, representing their wofull estate. 1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) i. ccxvii. 13 Most woful she Quite sinks in this self-torments monstrous Sea. a1792 S. Hearne Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort (1795) v. 113 They set up a most woeful cry. 1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 322 The haggard and woful stare of the eye. 1885 E. Arnold Secret of Death 10 Be sure that woeful father wept. 1922 A. P. Terhune Further Adventures of Lad vi. 181 Laboring through the bitter cold and the snow to the house of any neighbor; there to tell his woeful tale of oppression. 1981 R. Davies Rebel Angels (1983) viii. 172 The Warden was looking woeful. 2011 S. Bagwell His Texas Wildflower ix. 162 Her woeful gaze lifted from the floor and over to him. 2. Of a time, place, event, etc.: fraught with or marked by sorrow, distress, or misfortune; causing or evoking woe. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [adjective] > miserable or wretched > full of or attended with misery wretch1131 wretchlyc1200 woefula1393 miserousc1475 miserable?a1513 miser1542 woe1572 thrallfula1618 the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > [adjective] > of conditions or events wretch1131 wretchedc1200 feeble1297 wrackfulc1311 woefula1393 miserousc1475 miserable?a1513 discomfortablea1535 calamitous1545 tristsum1567 woe1572 untoward1632 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2175 (MED) Thus passen thei that wofull nyht. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 2882 I rede yow take Ensaumple bi þis waful wrake. c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) l. 260 Oure knyghtis one þ^e gronde lyse With wondes wyde one wafull wyse. c1508 Want of Wyse Men (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems R. Henryson (1908) III. 170 This is a wofull werde. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iv. iv. 80 O wo, O wofull, wofull, wofull day. View more context for this quotation 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 240 That wofull war betweene the houses of Lancaster and Yorke. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 554 In this wofull Towne dwell not above two or three hundred Inhabitants. 1643 Humble Petition Commissioners Gen. Assembly Jan. 1 In this wofull case, and lamentable condition of your Majesties Dominions. ?1730 Maudlin (single sheet) Here is no place for her,..but woeful death and danger of her life. 1777 W. Dalrymple Trav. Spain & Portugal vi. 56 Many old palaces going to ruins, the woeful memorials of antient splendour. 1803 W. Scott Gray Brother in Minstrelsy Sc. Border (ed. 2) III. iii. 410 A woful place was that, I ween, As sorrow could desire. 1853 N. Hawthorne Minotaur in Tanglewood Tales 28 The wofulest anniversary in the whole year. 1967 T. Wilder Eighth Day ii. 278 She looked over his shoulder, as at some woeful ordeal that must be met. 2005 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 10 July (final ed.) 6 j The stories are full of woeful events, including..a virulent disease and a very ill-advised journey into an Afghan valley. 3. Deserving of or giving rise to condemnation or regret; deplorable, lamentable; very bad; (in weakened sense) terrible, awful. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > wretchedness > [adjective] unledeeOE sorryOE evila1131 usellc1175 wanlichec1275 bad1276 sorry1372 meana1375 caitiff1393 loddera1400 woefula1400 foulc1400 wretched1450 meschant?1473 unselc1480 peevisha1522 miser1542 scurvy?1577 forlorn1582 villainous1582 measled1596 lamented1611 thrallfula1618 despicable1635 deplorable1642 so-and-so1656 poorish1657 squalida1660 lamentable1676 mesquina1706 shan1714 execrable1738 quisby1807 hole in the wall1822 measly1847 bum1878 shag-bag1888 snidey1890 pathetic1900 the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adjective] > very great or extreme > specifically of something bad or reprobated woefula1400 mortalc1425 preciousc1475 fine1559 trim1569 gay1581 unconscionable1590 pocky1601 abominable1612 fearful1634 handsome1638 plaguey1694 dreadful1700 awfy1724 murrain1728 diabolical1750 deuced1782 dire1836 sinful1863 sodding1881 blooming1882 flaming1895 ruddy1896 abysmal1904 awful1916 hellishing1927 right1958 steaming1962 schwag1993 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > [adjective] > worthy of dispraise > worthy of condemnation damnablec1380 woefula1400 vituperablec1450 condemnablea1586 reprobate1593 vituperous1610 vituperious1612 censurable1635 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 837 (MED) Þe wrangwis wit þar waful wrak þar þai biginning gan to tak. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 936 He sente..Erlis, barouns and wyse clerkes, To telle off these wooful werkes. 1553 J. Bradford Serm. Repentaunce sig. H.ii Such a one..wil willingly walter & wallow in his woful lustes, plesure & fantisties. 1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (new issue) sig. Y.iii This is a wofull sayng, that because we may not worshyp God as we lust our selues, we wyll not worshyp hym at all. 1619 J. Taylor Kicksey Winsey sig. B5 These mens honesties are like their states, At piteous, wofull, and at low priz'd rates. 1647 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) I. 496 Mun, poore childe, is a woefull schollar. 1691 A. D'Anvers Academia 53 She's in a woful taking, When once she comes to miss her Bacon. 1723 E. Chambers tr. S. Le Clerc Treat. Archit. I. 117 Two Imposts over each other wou'd have a woful Effect. 1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 546 [She] had many good qualities, but was a woeful manager of children. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House lxiii. 602 He..has a woful consciousness upon him of being a scapegrace. 1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting ii. 44 I had to return to camp..in a woful plight, minus my hat, and my shirt torn to ribbons. 1905 Times Lit. Suppl. 2 June 176/3 Wild dogs have..made woful havoc of the sambar and spotted deer. 1940 Los Angeles Times 5 Feb. ii. 9/1 Miss Mead, apparently informed of my woeful inability on the tennis courts, really gave me the business. 2015 Daily Mail (Nexis) 20 June A recent survey revealed a woeful ignorance about Waterloo. B. adv. = woefully adv. Now regional and nonstandard. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly > specifically of something bad sorea1300 grievously1340 terrible1490 beastly?1518 shrewdlyc1533 arrantly?1548 murrainly?1548 abominablea1550 pestilence1567 pestilently1567 cursedly1570 pestiferously1570 murrain1575 plaguey1584 plaguilya1586 grievous1598 scandalously1602 horridly1603 terribly1604 monstrously1611 hellish1614 dreadfullya1616 horrid1615 pestilenta1616 infernally1638 preposterously1661 woeful1684 confoundedly1694 confounded1709 glaringly1709 cursed1719 flagrantly1756 weary1790 disgustingly1804 filthy1827 blamed1833 peskily1833 pesky1833 blame1843 blasted1854 wickedly1858 blatantly1878 shamelessly1885 disgracefully1893 ruddy1913 bastarda1935 pissing1951 sodding1954 pissingly1971 1684 Portsmouth Observed (single sheet) Beer's puddle thick, and Wine is woful small. 1794 M. J. Holroyd Let. 3 Jan. in Girlhood M. J. Holroyd (1896) xii. 259 His others are woful bad. 1871 C. E. K. Davis Granny Bright's Blanket xi. 145 I knew I oughtn't to mourn for him, but it was woeful hard to give him up. 1956 N. Algren Walk on Wild Side i. 7 Boys, I'm woeful sorry, but the Lord just don't want a bunch of dirt-eating buggers walking the Streets of Gold. 2004 M. Hickey Irish Days 33/2 Yesterday was woeful rainy. Compounds † In appositive combination with other adjectives of sadness or distress. Obsolete.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from adverbial use. ΚΠ ?1565 L. Evans tr. Horace Poesyes (single sheet) Flatterers fowle & fell Are wofull sad when y^t they heare, of Tigill: singers deathe. 1582 J. Yates Castell of Courtesie f. 10 I Age will take place: And make thee wofull weary. 1751 T. Gray Elegy xxvii. 10 Now drooping, woeful wan, like one forlorn. 1819 S. Rogers Human Life 282 One woeful-wan, one merrier yet as mad. 1869 E. Bulwer Lytton Poems I. 207 How woeful weary is my want of thee. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.adv.a1375
随便看	to give someone the rinky-dink to give someone the rinkydink to give someone the shirt off one's back to give someone the willies to give something a body swerve to give something a fair wind to give something a pass to give something a rest to give something a thought to give something another thought to give something in lot to to give something mouth to give something one's best shot to give something the chuck to give something the double o to give something to a person on a plate to give something to lot to to give something to on a plate to give something up as a bad job to give something words to give space to give start to to give state and seisin to give stead to give stick