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单词 wite
释义

† witen.1

Forms: Old English wita, wiota, weota, wuta, Middle English weote, wite, Middle English wete; 1700s plural (Historical) wites.
Etymology: Old English wita weak masculine (also gewita witness) = Old Frisian wita , Old Saxon gi-wito (Middle Low German wete ) witness, Old High German wiȥo (giwiȥo witness), Gothic -wita (in fullawita , unwita ) < Old Germanic *witon- : see wit v.1
Obsolete.
1. A wise man, sage; a councillor; spec. one of the witan n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > wise man, sage > [noun]
wise manc888
wisec897
witec900
snoterc950
divinera1387
sage1399
mage?a1425
wisdom1432
wizardc1440
sapientc1550
Solomon1554
oracle1579
sophy1587
Solon1631
sapientipotent1656
magus1700
wiseacre1753
sageshipa1832
Yoda1984
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun]
uþwitec888
larewc900
learnerc900
witec900
wise manOE
leredc1154
masterc1225
readera1387
artificer1449
man of science1482
rabbi1527
rabbin1531
worthy1567
artsmanc1574
philologer1588
artist1592
virtuoso1613
sophist1614
fulla1616
scholastica1633
philologist1638
gnostic1641
scholarian1647
pundit1661
scientman1661
savant1719
ollamh1723
maulvi1776
pandect1791
Sabora1797
erudit1800
mallam1829
Gelehrter1836
erudite1865
walking encyclopaedia1868
Einstein1942
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > council of state > [noun] > member of council of state > in Britain or England
privy counsellor1598
wite1701
P.C.1881
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xix. 454 To freondscipe..Bonefatius archidiacones, se wæs eac swylce wita & ge~þeahtere þæs apostolican papan.
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke vii. 30 Legis periti, æs wuto.
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xiii. 131 Ne bið se na wita þe unwisliche leofað.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8672 All bilammp þatt widdwe þa Swa summ þe wite seȝȝde.
c1315 Shoreham i. 631 Wet hys mystyke ne mey non wete Be no þynge a-founde.
1701 W. Kennett Cowell's Interpreter (new ed.) Wites, Witen, the Title among our Saxon Ancestors for their chief Lords or Thanes, their wise and their noble Men.1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. App. i. 144 Besides the prelates and aldermen, there is also mention of the wites or wise men.
2. A witness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > [noun] > a witness, testifier
witec900
witnessc950
witnessman10..
proofc1380
witnesserc1400
record1408
recorderc1425
test1528
testor1570
attestator1598
attester1598
testator1602
suffragator1606
testimoner1607
testifier1611
voucher1612
suffragant1613
testate1619
sponsor1651
testee1654
vouchee1654
adducer1681
testificator1730
circumstantiator1858
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. Pref. Nalæs mid anes mannes ge~þeahte ac mid gesægene unrim geleaffulra witena.
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvi. 60 Lycce witnesa vel wutu.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 152 Beon weote [a1250 Nero waite] oðer witnesse þer of.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

witewyten.2

/wʌɪt/
Forms: Old English– wite; also Middle English wijt, Middle English–1500s witte, Middle English, 1500s–1600s wyt, Middle English, 1500s, 1700s wit (Middle English wyȝte, witt, wijtte, wijte, wytte, Middle English–1500s wyght, 1500s wyit, wycht, wight, quhyt, 1600s weit, wayt, waite, 1600s–1700s white), Middle English– wyte.
Etymology: Old English wíte = Old Frisian wîte , Old Saxon wîti (Middle Low German wîte , Dutch wijte ), Old High German wîȥi (Middle High German wîȥe ), Old Norse víti : see wite v.1
Obsolete exc. Historical and dialect.
†1.
a. Punishment; penalty; pain inflicted in punishment or torture, esp. the torments of hell. (Cf. Old English helle-wíte, etc.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun] > torment of Hell
witec825
pineOE
wormc1000
woec1175
painc1300
second deathc1384
penancec1395
burning marl1667
penancy1682
torment1852
c825 Vesp. Psalter xxxviii. 11 Awend from me witu ðin.
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxvii. §3 Ne þearf nænne wisne mon tweogan þæt ða yflan næbben eac ecu edlean hiora yfles; þæt bið ece wite.
OE Genesis 2544 Þa ic sendan gefrægn..sweartne lig werum to wite, weallende fyr.
a1175 Cott. Hom. 219 Þa wile ȝearcode se almihti sceappende him and his iferen helle wite.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3295 Swa þatt he ȝæn þe kaserr king Ne felle nohht i wite.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 151 Þe fox of ȝiscungehaueð hwelpes þeose. tricherie & gile þeofðe & reauelake wite. & hechȝure strengðe.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15802 He þat smitand es wit suerd, o suerd sal ha þe wite.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6714 Þis beists lauerd þan sal bi quit Of alkin oncall, and oþer wijt.
b. In Anglo-Saxon law, a fine imposed for certain offences or privileges; often as second element in compounds, as bloodwite n., ferdwite (see ferd-wite n. at ferd n.1 Compounds), fyhtwite (see fight n. Compounds 2), lairwite n. Now Historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun]
witereden688
witec890
guiltwite964
ransom?c1225
amends1340
forfeiture1399
ush1417
recoverya1422
issue1424
unlaw1424
fine1430
forfeita1475
unlay1497
multure1533
estreatc1550
mulct1584
forfeitment1597
c890 Laws Ælfred ix Sie þæt wite lx scill.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2552 Þat al comen to Lundene. uppe wite [c1300 Otho wit] of feowerti punden.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 95 Fightynge wyte, amersement for fightynge.
?1473 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 130 That they schol noȝt pay no ale wytys to me.
1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 262. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 127. 1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. ii. vi. 64 The lesser wite or ordinary fine of the Hundred-Court.1897 F. W. Maitland Domesday Bk. & Beyond 102 In any case their lord is to have their wites.
2.
a. Blame, reproach; blameworthiness, fault. Now Scottish and northern dialect. to have the wite, to put the wite in, to put (a person) in wite, to give (one) the wite (of), to lay the wite on.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > guilt > [noun]
sakeOE
wite?c1225
blame1297
guiltc1330
fault1377
culpablenessc1380
guiltinessc1480
guiltyship1557
faultiness1571
fact1583
blameworthinessa1586
delinquishment1593
obnoxiousness1610
nocency1611
delinquence1613
nocence1614
piacle1619
deliquity1682
society > morality > moral evil > guilt > [noun]
guilt971
sakeOE
plightc1175
wite?c1225
blame1297
culpe1377
culpablenessc1380
fact1583
piacle1619
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > blame > [noun]
teleeOE
tolec1000
wite?c1225
lacking1377
blaminga1382
blame1393
lack1487
dashing1591
taxation1605
inculpation1822
scapegoating1943
scapegoatism1961
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > blame > [noun] > blameworthiness
wite?c1225
blame1297
culpablenessc1380
faultiness1571
blameworthinessa1586
obnoxiousness1610
blameableness1654
culpability1675
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 3 Clene & schir inwið wið vten weote of sunne.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2035 Ðe wite is hise, ðe rigt is hire.
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 400 And but I do, lat me han the wite.
c1386 G. Chaucer Wife's Prol. 806 That I haue doon it is thy self to wyte.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5667 He said til him þat bare þe wite, ‘How dare þou sua þi broþer smite!’
c1400 Melayne 555 Þe wyte is all in the.
c1403 J. Lydgate Temple Glas 166 Some also þat putten ful grete wite On double louers.
c1440 Generydes 869 What cause haue ye to putte me in this witte?
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 386 Sithen hise successouris ben not ȝit founde in wijte or defaute, wrong were doon to hem.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 515 This gouernaunce deserueth not bi his wijt to be kut away.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ii. x. 88 Kynge Pellinore bare the wytte of the deth of kynge Lott.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 68 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 97 I se be my schadowe my schape has ye wyte.
1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters iv. xii. 116 b Our mother Eue layd the wyght of her synne to the serpent.
1550 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. I. 104 The witte salbe imputt to him as accordis.
a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 157 They gif ȝow the haill quhyt..that they ar persewit be the quene.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. iii. sig. Bb3v Sith his own thought he knew most cleare from wite.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 389 George Gipsones Iskie bae Had all the wyte he womit sae.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. viii. xxxiv. 306 The posteritie hereafter should lay the waite and blame..in the Tribunes.
1637–50 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) 409 The Bishop,..crying to the people, That he had no wyt of the matter.
1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 53 You lean all the white off your sell.
1722 A. Ramsay Twa Cut-purses 34 Ye canna lay the Wyte on me.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. at White You lean all the white off yourself.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 168 This is a' your wyte, Miss Jeanie Deans.
1823 J. Galt Ringan Gilhaize II. xiii. 130 About seven months after he left the town twa misfortunate creatures gave him the wyte of their bairns.
1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xix. 180 But now it's done, Alan; and who's to bear the wyte of it?
†b. The source or origin of blame; the person or thing that is to blame. Scottish. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > guilt > guilty person > [noun]
nocent1447
culpable1483
wite1513
guilty1550
misdemeanant1886
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > [noun] > cause of
wite1513
vituperation1726
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid i. Prol. 366 Quhilk in sum part is the caus and the wite, Quhy that of Virgillis vers the ornate bewtie Intill our toung may nocht obseruit be.
c1560 A. Scott Poems (1902) 94 Ȝour twa fair ene is wycht of all my wo.
1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 75 I am the wite now of hir deid doutles.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i She abusing first, was a' the wyte Of what has happen'd.
†3. transferred. Offence, trespass; wrong. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > [noun]
unrightOE
witec1175
misbodea1200
misguiltc1200
misdoinga1225
miss?c1225
trespassinga1340
forfeiturec1380
offensiona1382
crimec1384
abusion?1387
evil-doing1398
mistakinga1400
offendinga1425
transgression1426
wrongingc1449
digression1517
digressinga1535
transgressing1535
swerving1545
misdealing1571
transgress1578
misfaring1595
misacting1651
malpractice1739
malfeasance1856
wrongdoing1874
miscreance1972
society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > transgression or offending
witec1175
trespassinga1340
forfeiturec1380
offensiona1382
prevaricationc1384
offendinga1425
transgression1426
defencea1450
digression1517
digressinga1535
transgressing1535
transgress1578
misfaring1595
overloup1827
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 15 Ne do he þe neure swa muchelne teone ne wite on þisse liue ne beo þu nefre ene wrað þer fore.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 304 He wald anon mine heued of smite,..for that wite.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 89 Of tomoche or of tolyte Ther is algate founde a wyte.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10393 Iesu crist was tan, And don on rode for our wite.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4586 Þou sal god office haue ful tite, And all forgiuen þe þi wijtte.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 2720 Þat haþ I-do þe tres-pase, or the wyte.

Compounds

General attributive. (In sense 1b.)
wite-exacting adj.
ΚΠ
1897 F. W. Maitland Domesday Bk. & Beyond 87 A tract over which a lord has..a wite-exacting power.
wite-free adj.
ΚΠ
1205 Rot. Chart. (1837) 153/2 Wrecfri et witefri et lestagefri.
1252 in A. Ballard & J. Tait Brit. Borough Charters (1923) 259 Werkfri, witefri, lestagefri, et locoffri.
1395 in Rolls Parl. V. 405/1 Quod sint Wrecfry & Witefry, Lestagefry & Lunatofry.
1672 Cowel's Interpr. Wite... Hence Wite or Witfree, one of the terms of Priviledge granted to our Portsmen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

witewytev.1

/wʌɪt/
Forms: Old English witan, Middle English witen, Middle English–1600s wite, Middle English (1500s archaic) wyten, Middle English–1600s, 1700s–1800s Scottish wyte (Middle English hwite?, Middle English wytte, past tense and past participle wijt, wit(t, Middle English–1500s wit, Middle English–1600s white, Middle English–1700s chiefly Scottish wyt, Middle English wytt, wiyte, wijte, wyet, wyth, 1500s wiht, Scottish wyit, veit, vyit, 1600s Scottish past tense wate).
Etymology: Old English wítan , past tense *wát , witon (superseded by weak inflections in Middle English), also ætwítan (-wát , -witon , past participle -witen , Middle English past tense atwiste , past participle atwist ) atwite v.1, edwítan (past plural -witon , and weak -wítte , Vespasian Psalter) edwite v.: = Old Saxon wîtan , Middle Low German, Middle Dutch wîten (Dutch wijten ), Old High German wîȥan (Middle High German wîȥen , German verweissen to reproach), Gothic -weitan in fraweitan to avenge; < Germanic wīt- : see wit v.1 The sense-development is paralleled in Latin animadvertere to observe, consider, censure, blame, punish.
Obsolete exc. Scottish and northern dialect.
1.
a. transitive. To impute the guilt or lay the blame of (something) to or upon a person (his action, conduct, or character) or a thing, condition, or event (originally dative, later also with to, on, upon).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (transitive)]
edwitec825
witec893
accuseOE
bespeaka1000
forwrayOE
atwiteOE
blamea1300
impugn1377
publishc1384
defamea1387
appeach1430
becryc1440
surmisea1485
arguea1522
infame1531
insimulate1532
note1542
tax1548
resperse1551
finger-point1563
chesoun1568
touch1570
disclaim1590
impeach1590
intent1613
question1620
accriminate1641
charge1785
cheek1877
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (transitive)] > lay to one's charge, impute
witec893
challenge1297
weena1300
to bear upon —c1300
likenc1400
layc1425
to put upa1438
object1447
establish1483
impose1484
reproach1490
annotea1513
lade1535
appoint1553
burden1559
clap1609
to charge (a fault, etc.) on, upon, against (a person)1611
upcast1825
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > blame > [verb (transitive)] > throw blame on
witec893
putc1380
pina1627
load1662
to lay (or cast) the loada1715
scapegoat1943
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. vi. iv Romane witan Claudiuse þone hunger.
OE Beowulf 2741 Forðam me witan ne ðearf Waldend fira morðorbealo maga.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 224 Ȝef þu witest ei þing þi sunne bute þe seoluen. þu ne schriuest þe naut.
a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1249 Schal he his mishap wite me?
13.. K. Alis. 1725 Thou konst no gode; Y wyt hit all thy yonge blode.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 369 Her sorwen and her care Þai witt þat frely fode.
c1386 G. Chaucer Monk's Tale 456 Allas Fortune..Thy false wheel my wo al may I wyte.
c1386 G. Chaucer Miller's Prol. 32 If that I mysspeke or seye Wyte it the Ale of Southwerk.
a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 134 His wo I wyte hit sinne.
14.. Sir Beues (MS M.) 1893 Thou sholdiste on me be awreke And not wite on hym the gilte.
c1430 Hymns Virgin (1867) 35 Y wiyte my silf myne owne woo!
c1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 148 White thi owne falsnes alle thi myschance.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2016 I may wit it þe, þat I have lost my siȝte.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xx. 51 This felonnye that this fewe dyde was wyted alle the hoost.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 308 It shal not be wytted me to haue a brother of myn a monke.
1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (xl. 9) After the miseries which he abydeth are wyted vppon his owne fault.
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xii. 207 They..reteyne the faultynes of that first fault, and cannot wyt it vppon any other than the first man.
1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xxx. 268 He wyted it a' on the liberty and equality speerit o' the times.
†b. To impute as guilt; also in neutral sense: To impute. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)]
titleOE
aretc1340
witena1375
witnea1375
reta1382
depute1382
wite1382
seta1387
layc1425
expoundc1430
imputec1480
attribue1481
assign1489
reckon1526
attribute1530
count1535
allot?1556
draw1578
object1613
prefer1628
entitle1629
implya1641
to score (something) on1645
intitule1651
put1722
to put down1723
charge1737
own1740
place1802
to set down1822
affiliate1823
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Judges iv. 9 In this while victory shal not be witid to thee [L. non reputabitur tibi].
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. v. 13 Synne was not wyitid, or rettid, whanne lawe was not.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. x. 101 Wyte thou no wyrkyng of werkys wast; She hase consauyd the Holy Gast.
1534 W. Marshall tr. Erasmus Playne & Godly Expos. Commune Crede f. 31v Vnto it is to be wihted or imputed what so euer thynge..hathe ben done..vertuosly.
2.
a. To impute the guilt or fault to, blame (a person).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > blame > [verb (transitive)]
accuseOE
witea1000
blamec1200
lastc1225
awreakc1275
friec1300
lack1340
impugn1377
aretc1386
default1489
remord1522
culpate1548
tax1548
finger-point1563
witen1589
attask1608
refounda1653
thank1667
bumble1675
to take to task1682
twitter1749
a1000 Ælfred's Boeth. Proem Þæt he..him ne wite gif he hit rihtlicor ongite þonne he mihte.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 67 He [sc. Christ] setteð þe synfulle on his lifthalf, and witeð hem þat hie bi here lif daȝes ne wolden him quemen.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 619 Þe porter gan him wite And seyd:—‘Cherl! go oway’.
c1386 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 933 And though þat I be Ialous, wyte me noght.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17445 If ani man yow witte, We sal yow saue and mak yow quite.
c1400 26 Pol. Poems xvii. 119 And þou be lost, whom wiltow wyte?
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 5 The errouris..bi which holding thei vniustly..wijten and blamen the clergie.
1469 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 542 And they myht pulle downe þe howse on ouyr hedys I wyet hem not.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 310 He..blamed & wytted hym self.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 783/1 Why wyte you me, and I am nat to blame?
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. sig. Z8v Scoffing at him, that did her iustly wite.
1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 133 Nor can we wyt them, since they had our Vote.
1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 357 Wite your self if your Wife be with Bairn.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiii. 284 It wasna my faut; he canna wyte me.
1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xviii. 161 She had got an injury and wyted me.
absolute.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 69 Zuo hit is huanne god his..chasteþ, and maugre hy wyteþ.c1430 Chev. Assigne 136 Moche mone was therfore but no man wyte moste.
†b. Const. object and infinitive (see to prep. 8): To blame a person for doing so-and-so. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 155 Wijting..vsers of ymagis to be gilti of vntrewe feith.
c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) xi. 51 To lufe ȝour ladeis quho can wyt ȝow?
1568 Ballad against Evil Women in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 33 Quha sowld thame wyte thair beistly lust.
1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 2) 745 Quhat tyme he wytit Will To be maist cause of his mischeif.
c. Const. of, later for, with, that in respect of which blame is incurred.
ΚΠ
c1290 Beket 2087 in S. Eng. Leg. 166 Non oþur gulti nis of þat ȝe witez me.
c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 110 Ther nas no lacke with wiche he myght her wite.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17772 He o mani plight was wijt [Gött. witt].
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 501 Wyte not me for þe werk þat I hit wolde help.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 18 None shal wyte me therof.
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay sig. Niiiv Lat vsz noth veit the deuil..of ony aduersite quhilk cumis to vsz.
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Rom. ix. f. xxvi Nothyng had Pharao to wyte God withal.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus Prol. sig. Av Thay say it is fals destenie: And wyitis Fortoun of thair misgouernance.
17.. Gil Morrice xxv, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1886) II. iv. 273 Neir wyte a man for violence That neir wate ye wi nane.
1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 179 A' the wrang he can wyte me wi'.
3. To lay the fault or blame upon (a thing). †Also with const. as in 2c.
ΚΠ
a1300 Cursor Mundi 27769 He wites werd [MS. wend] and waris his time.
1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man Prol. f. xxij To wite Gods worde and the true preachers of all the mischeve which their lyinge doctrine is the very cause of.
a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Giii Alasse my wyckydnesse that may I wyte.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 51 Allace i vyit ȝour tua fayr ene.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. xi. sig. Yv Albe he earst did wyte His wauering mind. View more context for this quotation
a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. A4v All thing wytes that well not faires.
1603 Philotus clxx. sig. F4v Wyte ignorance that I did not invent.
4. to wite was frequently used predicatively in senses 2, 3 = to blame, blameworthy, in fault, culpable.
ΚΠ
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 723 Of al þis gilt ihc am to wite.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 116 Ha fol, how thou art forto wyte.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 876 Þat þou hast þus don þis mis þi seluen is to wite [Vesp. þiself þou wite þi wa].
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 76 More to wyte is her wrange, Þen any wylle gentyl.
a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 134 in Poems (1981) 115 O fals Cupide, is nane to wyte bot thow.

Derivatives

ˈwiter n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > [noun] > one who accuses
accusorc1350
accusatora1382
accusera1382
pealerc1400
accusant?a1425
witerc1449
imposant1502
charger1512
suggester1530
condemner?1541
cuser1589
suggestora1601
taxer1601
arraigner1854
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 143 Alle such ouerhasti iugers and wijters God amende.
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Witer, one who blames another, Clydes.
ˈwiting n.1
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > [noun]
acoupementc1300
accusinga1350
impeachment1387
accusementa1393
accusation?c1400
witingc1449
charge1477
impetition1530
threap1538
imputationa1586
deposition1587
impeach1591
insimulation1592
accusal1594
arraignment1595
taxation1605
arguing1611
tax1613
impositiona1616
tainture1621
incusation1623
touchinga1625
aggravation1626
accrimination1655
compellation1656
imputea1657
inculpation1798
finger-pointing1851
j'accuse1899
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 155 Thilk doom and thilk wijting..is vntrewe.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† witev.2

Forms: Old English witan, Middle English wite (Middle English witte, imperative wit), Middle English wyte (Middle English white); present 3rd person singular Middle English wit; Middle English wat, wot; past tense Middle English wiste, Middle English wuste (Middle English wist, wust, wste); past participle Middle English iwust, Middle English iwist.
Etymology: Old English witan , usually in compound bewitan (present -wát , past tense -wiste ) biwit v.; compare Old Frisian wita , Old High German wiȥȥên in giwiȥȥên, irwiȥȥên to be observant, watch, Gothic witan (past tense witaida ): < Germanic wit- : see wit v.1 In Middle English dialects where the infinitive ending -ie(n is not preserved, this verb is indistinguishable < witie v.2 Some Middle English forms point to Old English wítan.
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To keep, keep safe, guard, preserve, defend. Also reflexive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > retain or keep [verb (transitive)]
holda855
haveeOE
witec1000
at-holdc1175
withholdc1200
keepc1400
reserve?a1439
retain1449
detain1541
to stick to ——1560
contain1600
to make good1606
preserve1617
inhold1726
to hang on to1873
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)]
shieldc825
frithc893
werea900
i-schield971
berghOE
biwerec1000
grithc1000
witec1000
keepc1175
burghena1225
ward?c1225
hilla1240
warrantc1275
witiec1275
forhilla1300
umshadea1300
defendc1325
fendc1330
to hold in or to warrantc1330
bielda1350
warisha1375
succoura1387
defencea1398
shrouda1400
umbeshadow14..
shelvec1425
targec1430
protect?1435
obumber?1440
thorn1483
warrantise1490
charea1500
safeguard1501
heild?a1513
shend1530
warrant1530
shadow1548
fence1577
safekeep1588
bucklera1593
counterguard1594
save1595
tara1612
target1611
screenc1613
pre-arm1615
custodite1657
shelter1667
to guard against1725
cushion1836
enshield1855
mind1924
buffer1958
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard over [verb (transitive)]
hold971
witec1000
ward?a1035
looklOE
bewakec1175
getec1175
wakec1175
i-witea1240
forelook1340
watch?a1400
to watch over——1526
award?c1550
guard1582
to wait over ——1659
shepherd1885
watchdog1902
warden1910
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > be vigilant [verb (reflexive)] > guard (oneself) against
wareOE
witec1000
lookc1175
keepa1400
watch1489
precaution1700
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 154 Þæt bið god swefen, wite þu þæt georne on þinre heortan.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 79 [He] brohte him to an hors huse, and bitahte hine þe hors horde to witene.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 85 Meiden þet hire meiden-hat wit.
a1200 Moral Ode 84 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 165 He wit and waleð alle þing.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 29 Witte wel hwat þu hauest.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 31 Herdes..wittende here oref.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 137 To witen him of alle flesliche lustes.
c1230 Hali Meid. (1922) 16 Ȝef ha wit hire wiðute bruche.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10629 Nu him is al swa þere gat þer he þene hul wat [c1300 Otho wot].
c1275 Passion our Lord 18 in Old Eng. Misc. 37 Yf we vs wyteþ from heued~sunne.
a1300 X Commandm. 34 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 16 Wit þe fram licheri.
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 756 (MED) His engin whan þu hit wite, Þe betere wiþ oþere þu miȝt þe wite.
c1320 Cast. Love 168 Two lawen Adam scholde i-wis Witen and holden in paradis.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. x. 67 Bote þei witen hem from wantounesse, whil þat þei ben ȝonge.
a1400 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 255 Ley þou þi fet to my pappe, And wite þe from þe colde.
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 33 Voydyng slaundre, wyte the of gelousye.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 546 This wol from the wesel wite hem well.
Illustration of past tense and past participle.c1175 Lamb. Hom. 43 An meiden.. þet wel wiste hire licome in alle clenesse.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 39 Wite wel þin heorte. for saule lif is in hire ȝef ha is iloked.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 848 Brutus..hine wel wuste [c1300 Otho wiste].13.. St. Alexius (Trin. MS.) 102 Hy þoȝte on crist day and nyȝt And wiste [Laud MS. kepte] here fro senne.a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xiii. 67 That eueriche contreie..ben so iwuste, þat anon riȝt after roberies ant felonies imade.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 172 Ȝhe wist it as wel or bet as ȝif it were hire owne.
2. Const. clause: To take care, see (that).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > care or heed [verb (intransitive)] > take care > take care that something be done
foreseec900
witea1000
seec1300
awaitc1400
waitc1400
wakea1425
overseea1470
to see to ——1474
wardc1475
regard1535
to wait on ——1596
attend1612
examine1683
a1000 Sec. Laws Cnut lxxv Wite se oðer..þæt he hit bete.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 154 Wite þæt þin geþanc ne losige.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 11 Wite ȝe þet ȝe ȝemen þenne halie sunnedei.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 53 Witeð eow þet ȝe ne beo noht þe foaȝe neddre.
3. To see, observe. Also intransitive to look on.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)]
seeOE
to see with (also at) eyeOE
yseeOE
bihowec1000
ofseeOE
thorough-seeOE
beholdc1175
bihedec1275
heedc1275
witec1320
conceivea1398
observe1560
view?1570
eye1582
oculate1609
survey1615
snilch1676
deek1825
peep1954
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > look or behold
belookeOE
lookeOE
beseec1000
stareOE
showOE
beholdc1175
seec1225
heedc1275
witec1320
advisec1325
to see to ——a1375
rewarda1382
to cast an eye, glance, lookc1385
blush?a1400
glift?a1400
visea1400
considerc1400
vizy1513
regard1523
spectate1709
to have a see1839
look-see1862
vision1898
screw1905
shufti1943
to take (or have) a shufti1943
c1320 Cast. Love 1256 Hose wt þe swerd smite, Two kuynden he miȝte sen and wite [rhyme smite].
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15860 Þat non ne scholde hem se ne wite [rhyme lite].
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2050 Þe wyȝe wynneȝ hym to, & wytez [MS reads wyteȝ] on his lyre.

Derivatives

† witing n.2 Obsolete keeping, custody.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > keeping or custody
yemselc1175
witing?c1225
yeminga1325
depose1393
baila1400
wardenshipa1400
guard1426
awarda1450
custodyc1450
credence1526
safe custody1536
credit1537
warding1548
guarding1551
guardiance1560
guardance1591
guardagea1616
guardship1629
wardship1631
guardianship1646
guardiancy1864
wardenry1906
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 306 Of swich witung is muchel uuel jlumpen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† witev.3

Forms: Old English witan, Middle English wite, Middle English wit(t, Middle English wyte, Middle English witte. pa. tense Middle English wot, Middle English wat; Middle English wited, Middle English wyted, wit. pa. pple. Middle English Orm. witenn, Middle English wite.
Etymology: Old English wítan (rare), usually gewítan i-wite v.2, q.v.
Obs.
intr. To go, go away, depart; to perish, vanish away.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]
forsweltc888
sweltc888
adeadeOE
deadc950
wendeOE
i-wite971
starveOE
witea1000
forfereOE
forthfareOE
forworthc1000
to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE
queleOE
fallOE
to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE
to shed (one's own) blood?a1100
diec1135
endc1175
farec1175
to give up the ghostc1175
letc1200
aswelta1250
leavea1250
to-sweltc1275
to-worthc1275
to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290
finea1300
spilla1300
part?1316
to leese one's life-daysa1325
to nim the way of deathc1325
to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330
flit1340
trance1340
determinec1374
disperisha1382
to go the way of all the eartha1382
to be gathered to one's fathers1382
miscarryc1387
shut1390
goa1393
to die upa1400
expirea1400
fleea1400
to pass awaya1400
to seek out of lifea1400–50
to sye hethena1400
tinea1400
trespass14..
espirec1430
to end one's days?a1439
decease1439
to go away?a1450
ungoc1450
unlivec1450
to change one's lifea1470
vade1495
depart1501
to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513
to decease this world1515
to go over?1520
jet1530
vade1530
to go westa1532
to pick over the perch1532
galpa1535
to die the death1535
to depart to God1548
to go home1561
mort1568
inlaikc1575
shuffle1576
finish1578
to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587
relent1587
unbreathe1589
transpass1592
to lose one's breath1596
to make a die (of it)1611
to go offa1616
fail1623
to go out1635
to peak over the percha1641
exita1652
drop1654
to knock offa1657
to kick upa1658
to pay nature her due1657
ghost1666
to march off1693
to die off1697
pike1697
to drop off1699
tip (over) the perch1699
to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703
sink1718
vent1718
to launch into eternity1719
to join the majority1721
demise1727
to pack off1735
to slip one's cable1751
turf1763
to move off1764
to pop off the hooks1764
to hop off1797
to pass on1805
to go to glory1814
sough1816
to hand in one's accounts1817
to slip one's breatha1819
croak1819
to slip one's wind1819
stiffen1820
weed1824
buy1825
to drop short1826
to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839
to get one's (also the) call1839
to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840
to unreeve one's lifeline1840
to step out1844
to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845
to hand in one's checks1845
to go off the handle1848
to go under1848
succumb1849
to turn one's toes up1851
to peg out1852
walk1858
snuff1864
to go or be up the flume1865
to pass outc1867
to cash in one's chips1870
to go (also pass over) to the majority1883
to cash in1884
to cop it1884
snuff1885
to belly up1886
perch1886
to kick the bucket1889
off1890
to knock over1892
to pass over1897
to stop one1901
to pass in1904
to hand in one's marble1911
the silver cord is loosed1911
pip1913
to cross over1915
conk1917
to check out1921
to kick off1921
to pack up1925
to step off1926
to take the ferry1928
peg1931
to meet one's Maker1933
to kiss off1935
to crease it1959
zonk1968
cark1977
to cark it1979
to take a dirt nap1981
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)]
wendeOE
i-wite971
ashakec975
shakeOE
to go awayOE
witea1000
afareOE
agoOE
atwendOE
awayOE
to wend awayOE
awendOE
gangOE
rimeOE
flitc1175
to fare forthc1200
depart?c1225
part?c1225
partc1230
to-partc1275
biwitec1300
atwitea1325
withdrawa1325
to draw awayc1330
passc1330
to turn one's (also the) backc1330
lenda1350
begonec1370
remuea1375
voidc1374
removec1380
to long awaya1382
twinc1386
to pass one's wayc1390
trussc1390
waive1390
to pass out ofa1398
avoida1400
to pass awaya1400
to turn awaya1400
slakec1400
wagc1400
returnc1405
to be gonea1425
muck1429
packc1450
recede1450
roomc1450
to show (a person) the feetc1450
to come offc1475
to take one's licence1475
issue1484
devoidc1485
rebatea1500
walka1500
to go adieua1522
pikea1529
to go one's ways1530
retire?1543
avaunt1549
to make out1558
trudge1562
vade?1570
fly1581
leave1593
wag1594
to get off1595
to go off1600
to put off1600
shog1600
troop1600
to forsake patch1602
exit1607
hence1614
to give offa1616
to take off1657
to move off1692
to cut (also slip) the painter1699
sheera1704
to go about one's business1749
mizzle1772
to move out1792
transit1797–1803
stump it1803
to run away1809
quit1811
to clear off1816
to clear out1816
nash1819
fuff1822
to make (take) tracks (for)1824
mosey1829
slope1830
to tail out1830
to walk one's chalks1835
to take away1838
shove1844
trot1847
fade1848
evacuate1849
shag1851
to get up and get1854
to pull out1855
to cut (the) cable(s)1859
to light out1859
to pick up1872
to sling one's Daniel or hook1873
to sling (also take) one's hook1874
smoke1893
screw1896
shoot1897
voetsak1897
to tootle off1902
to ship out1908
to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909
to push off1918
to bugger off1922
biff1923
to fuck off1929
to hit, split or take the breeze1931
to jack off1931
to piss offa1935
to do a mick1937
to take a walk1937
to head off1941
to take a hike1944
moulder1945
to chuff off1947
to get lost1947
to shoot through1947
skidoo1949
to sod off1950
peel1951
bug1952
split1954
poop1961
mugger1962
frig1965
society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)]
to come awayeOE
wendeOE
i-wite971
ashakec975
shakeOE
to go awayOE
witea1000
afareOE
agoOE
awayOE
dealc1000
goOE
awendOE
rimeOE
to go one's wayOE
flitc1175
depart?c1225
partc1230
to-partc1275
atwitea1325
withdrawa1325
to turn one's (also the) backc1330
lenda1350
begonec1370
remuea1375
removec1380
to long awaya1382
twinc1386
to pass one's wayc1390
trussc1390
to turn awaya1400
returnc1405
to be gonea1425
recede1450
roomc1450
to come offc1475
to take one's licence1475
issue1484
walka1500
to go adieua1522
pikea1529
avaunt1549
trudge1562
vade?1570
discoast1571
leave1593
wag1594
to go off1600
troop1600
hence1614
to set on one's foota1616
to pull up one's stumps1647
quit1811
to clear out1816
slope1830
to walk one's chalks1835
shove1844
to roll out1850
to pull out1855
to light out1859
to take a run-out powder1909
to push off (also along)1923
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > be or become invisible [verb (intransitive)] > vanish or disappear
formeltc893
wendOE
witea1000
aworthc1000
fleec1200
fleetc1200
withdraw1297
vanish1303
voidc1374
unkithea1400
startc1405
disappearc1425
disparishc1425
to fall awayc1443
evanish?a1475
vade1495
sinka1500
vade1530
fly1535
fadea1538
melt?1567
dispear1600
relinquish1601
foist1603
dispersea1616
to vanish (melt, etc.) into thin aira1616
dissipate1626
retire1647
evaporate1713
merge1802
illude1820
to foam off1826
dislimn1833
furl1844
to step out1844
evanesce1855
shade1880
wisp1883
to go to the winds1884
walk1898
to do a disappearing act1913
to go west1916
to do (or take) a fade1949
to phase out1970
a1000 Boeth. Metr. xxiv. 52 Nylle ic æfre hionan ut witan.
a1175 Cott. Hom. 239 Witeð into ece fer.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 109 Abacuc, þe wunede on þis weorlde and eft þerof wot.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 123 Hider he cumeð on wowe and heðen wit on wowe.
?c1200 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8222 Affterr þatt herode king. Wass witenn ut off life.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter Prol., All gladnes & delite of erth..wytes til noght.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11262 Þir angels wited þam ewai.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10551 Quen þis angel a-wai was wite.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8968 Hu all þis werld sal wite awai.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 708, I may noghte wit of this woo.
c1400 St. Alexius (Laud 622) 191 Þe kniȝttes waten on & on To her owen cuntre.
c1420 Prose Life Alex. 90 Bi þe son settynge þay wyted a-way in-to þe erthe agayne.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. cxii. 1187 Quhen þis wes said he wit away.
c1425 Thomas Erceld. 327 Whene a tree rote es dede The leues fadis þane & wytis a-waye.
c1480 (a1400) St. Justina 229 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 158 As a reke away he wat.
a1532 in Poems Gray MS. (1918) 56 Full oft Is sene thir emotis in ane hillok ay Rinnand oute befor þin ene; with litill weit þai wit away.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online September 2011).
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英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

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