whitleathern.

Brit.

/ˈwɪtˌlɛðə/, U.S.

/ˈ(h)wɪtˌlɛðər/

Forms:

α. Middle English–1600s whitlether, 1500s whittlether, 1500s whyt leather, 1500s– whitleather, 1600s whytt lether; also Scottish pre-1700 quhit leddir; N.E.D. (1924) also records a form Middle English whittlether.

β. Middle English wheyt leder, Middle English white ledir, Middle English whyȝt ledyr, 1500s whiett ledder, 1500s whyte leather, 1500s whyte lether, 1500s wyet lether, 1500s–1600s white lether, 1500s– white leather; also Scottish pre-1700 quhite ledder, pre-1700 quhite leddir, pre-1700 quhyte ledder, pre-1700 wait ledder.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: white adj., leather n.

Etymology: < white adj. + leather n., with shortening of the vowel in the first element (compare discussion at white adj.). Compare post-classical Latin corium album (c1149, c1450 in British sources).Earlier currency is implied by the surname of Daniel Whitlether (1298); compare also the following example, which may show either an earlier instance of the English word, or (more probably) an isolated borrowing of it into post-classical Latin:1366–7 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. lxxii Cum ferrura, cingulis, capestris, witleȝtr', scutels [etc.].

a. Soft, pliant leather of a natural, light colour, produced by dressing with alum and salt. Cf. taw v.¹ 2.Recorded earliest in the compound whitleather-tewer.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > tanned leather > specific

leatherc1230

whitleather1384

tawc1562

Turkey leather1655

Turkey1715

chrome leather1882

chrome-tanned leather1882

α.

1384 in F. Collins Reg. Freemen York (1897) I. 82 (MED) Joh. Prychet, whit-lether-tewer.

1451 in T. Sharp Diss. Pageants Coventry (1825) 26 (MED) Payed for vj skynnys of whitleder to godds garment.

1487–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 417 Pro whitlether pro lez bawdrikez, 6d.

1580 T. Lupton Siuqila (new ed.) 80 Truly me thinks a Whip of Whitleather were more meete for a Lyar, than a Whetstone of Siluer.

1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood i. vi. 58 A large strong thong or strap of whit-leather.

1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 40 I have seen one part of a Skin of a well-coloured sound nature, another Part that had somewhat the look of rough Parchment, or hard Whit-leather.

1854 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 9 273/1 Gloves made of Whit-leather (untanned leather) and used by workmen in cutting and trimming fences.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Whitleather, sheep's-skins, prepared for thongs of flails, repairing harness, &c. Formerly used for baldricks of church-bells.

1960 G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow xvii. 213 Sidney Austin, the harness-maker, still uses strips of whitleather to repair..the collars of farm-horses.

1997 D. Wallace Chaucerian Polity iv. 122 A shoemaker, a tanner, a whittawer (dresser of whit-leather..), and the prior of Coventry.

β. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 256 Þe iustise, þe preest, schal clothe þe in whyȝt ledyr.1500 Louth Church Acct. in E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (1889) (at cited word) For j horskyn & di. skyn whiett ledd [er] xd.1519 in W. L. Nash Churchwardens' Acct. Bk. St. Giles, Reading (1851) 7 For a hide of white lether viij^d.1556 Churchwardens' Accts. Minchinhampton in Archaeologia (1853) 35 423 For wyet lether, and makyng off bawryxes [= baldrics], xviij d.1609 N. Morgan Perfection of Horse-manship xci. 275 Take a peece of white leather, somewhat biger then the impostumation, and spred it..as farre as will couer the swelling.1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. xviii. 320 Take the shreds of white leather untanned.1797 Encycl. Brit. VII. 739/2 A water-size..prepared by boiling cuttings of parchment or white leather in water.1885 A. Watt Art of Leather Manuf. 39 When tawed, or prepared with alum and salt, they [sc. sheepskins] form what is termed white leather.1994 H. W. Crosby Antigua Calif. 425/1 Mezquitillo..a very small woody shrub whose bark is used in tanning so-called ‘white’ leather, usually from deerskin.

b. In figurative and similative contexts, esp. with reference to toughness, elasticity, softness, or paleness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > strength > [noun] > toughness > leathery toughness

whitleather1533

leatheriness1920

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [noun] > that which is soft > typically soft thing

whitleather1830

feather-bed1870

1533 tr. Erasmus Enchiridion Militis Christiani xiii. sig. I.vii^v In hate as tough as whyte lether.

1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir iv. sig. I2 The guts of my conscience beginne to be of whit-leather.

1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 96 Nurse. I'll soon bring his Nose to the Grind-stone. C[oupler] aside. Wellsaid old Whiteleather.

a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 321 My Sides are not of Iron, neither Are my Lungs made of Whit-leather.

1765 tr. A. Goudar Chinese Spy IV. lxiv. 187 A small table was set before me, with a piece of cold roast beef, tough as whit-leather.

1830 G. P. R. James Darnley I. v. 115 Pray God to make all your bones as soft as whit-leather.

1839 C. M. Kirkland New Home xxxiv. 225 Her eyes grew preternaturally pale, and her lips wan as whit-leather.

1913 D. H. Lawrence Love Poems 44 A widow o forty-five As has sludged like a horse all her life, Till 'er's tough as whit-leather.

2009 C. Hudson Packhorseman vii. 83 For the midday meal..strips of jerked beef as hard as whit-leather.

2. The nuchal ligament, esp. of a domestic quadruped. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > [noun] > hoofed animal > parts of > tendon supporting head

paxwaxa1325

whitleather1692

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 150 Which Aponeurosis..is taken notice of by the Vulgar by the name of Fixfax, or Packwax, or Whit-leather.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. vi. iii. 362 That..Ligament [Note], Called the Whitleather, Packwax, Taxwax, and Fixfax.

1834 Mag. Nat. Hist. 7 404 During the time they are feeding, the neck is supported on each side by a strong and remarkably tough ligament, called whitleather.

1916 H. E. Jordan & J. S. Ferguson Text-bk. Histol. iii. 61 Elastic tissue is found in the..ligamentum nuchæ (‘whitleather’) of quadrupeds.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and objective.

ΚΠ

1384Whit-lether-tewer [see sense 1aα. ].

a1486 in Archaeologia (1900) 57 68 They schall putte up on them..a reed cote of reed tartaryn and a white ledir girdill.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Hole brydle & saddle, whyt leather [1577 whit lether] nall.

1591 R. Greene Second Pt. Conny-catching sig. A2 A little white leather headstal and raines.

?a1600 MS BL Lansd. 241 f. 145 Thy gerdill made of the whittlether whange.

1696 London Gaz. No. 3217/4 A white Leather Side Saddle, and Hunting-Bit.

1755 Gen. Mag. Arts & Sci. Sept. 158/1 Thomas Tuckett and Joseph Tuckett of Piddletown in Dorsetshire, White Leather-Dressers and Woolstaplers.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 397 Whit-leather thongs.

2011 D. Frick in T. M. Safley Compan. to Multiconfessionalism Early Mod. World vi. 429 Other guilds—hatmakers, glaziers..white-leather tanners, masons.

C2. Similative.

ΚΠ

1616 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Scornful Ladie v. sig. H4 Hast thou so much moysture in thy whitleather hyde yet, that thou can'st cry?

1879 J. Beatty Citizen-soldier 240 True, the pie had ‘strawberries in him’, but not enough to pay one for chewing the whit-leather crust.

1996 R. Isbell Ray Hicks ii. 22 He has neither his father's talent nor his whitleather strength.

Derivatives

† ˈwhitleather-like adv. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1635 J. Gower Pyrgomachia sig. C3 Then from thy flesh I'le draw thy hide, And have it throughly tann'd, and dry'd Whit-lether-like.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	whitleather
释义	whitleathern. Brit. /ˈwɪtˌlɛðə/, U.S. /ˈ(h)wɪtˌlɛðər/ Forms: α. Middle English–1600s whitlether, 1500s whittlether, 1500s whyt leather, 1500s– whitleather, 1600s whytt lether; also Scottish pre-1700 quhit leddir; N.E.D. (1924) also records a form Middle English whittlether. β. Middle English wheyt leder, Middle English white ledir, Middle English whyȝt ledyr, 1500s whiett ledder, 1500s whyte leather, 1500s whyte lether, 1500s wyet lether, 1500s–1600s white lether, 1500s– white leather; also Scottish pre-1700 quhite ledder, pre-1700 quhite leddir, pre-1700 quhyte ledder, pre-1700 wait ledder. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: white adj., leather n. Etymology: < white adj. + leather n., with shortening of the vowel in the first element (compare discussion at white adj.). Compare post-classical Latin corium album (c1149, c1450 in British sources).Earlier currency is implied by the surname of Daniel Whitlether (1298); compare also the following example, which may show either an earlier instance of the English word, or (more probably) an isolated borrowing of it into post-classical Latin:1366–7 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. lxxii Cum ferrura, cingulis, capestris, witleȝtr', scutels [etc.]. 1. a. Soft, pliant leather of a natural, light colour, produced by dressing with alum and salt. Cf. taw v.¹ 2.Recorded earliest in the compound whitleather-tewer. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > tanned leather > specific leatherc1230 whitleather1384 tawc1562 Turkey leather1655 Turkey1715 chrome leather1882 chrome-tanned leather1882 α. 1384 in F. Collins Reg. Freemen York (1897) I. 82 (MED) Joh. Prychet, whit-lether-tewer. 1451 in T. Sharp Diss. Pageants Coventry (1825) 26 (MED) Payed for vj skynnys of whitleder to godds garment. 1487–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 417 Pro whitlether pro lez bawdrikez, 6d. 1580 T. Lupton Siuqila (new ed.) 80 Truly me thinks a Whip of Whitleather were more meete for a Lyar, than a Whetstone of Siluer. 1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood i. vi. 58 A large strong thong or strap of whit-leather. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 40 I have seen one part of a Skin of a well-coloured sound nature, another Part that had somewhat the look of rough Parchment, or hard Whit-leather. 1854 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 9 273/1 Gloves made of Whit-leather (untanned leather) and used by workmen in cutting and trimming fences. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Whitleather, sheep's-skins, prepared for thongs of flails, repairing harness, &c. Formerly used for baldricks of church-bells. 1960 G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow xvii. 213 Sidney Austin, the harness-maker, still uses strips of whitleather to repair..the collars of farm-horses. 1997 D. Wallace Chaucerian Polity iv. 122 A shoemaker, a tanner, a whittawer (dresser of whit-leather..), and the prior of Coventry. β. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 256 Þe iustise, þe preest, schal clothe þe in whyȝt ledyr.1500 Louth Church Acct. in E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (1889) (at cited word) For j horskyn & di. skyn whiett ledd [er] xd.1519 in W. L. Nash Churchwardens' Acct. Bk. St. Giles, Reading (1851) 7 For a hide of white lether viij^d.1556 Churchwardens' Accts. Minchinhampton in Archaeologia (1853) 35 423 For wyet lether, and makyng off bawryxes [= baldrics], xviij d.1609 N. Morgan Perfection of Horse-manship xci. 275 Take a peece of white leather, somewhat biger then the impostumation, and spred it..as farre as will couer the swelling.1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. xviii. 320 Take the shreds of white leather untanned.1797 Encycl. Brit. VII. 739/2 A water-size..prepared by boiling cuttings of parchment or white leather in water.1885 A. Watt Art of Leather Manuf. 39 When tawed, or prepared with alum and salt, they [sc. sheepskins] form what is termed white leather.1994 H. W. Crosby Antigua Calif. 425/1 Mezquitillo..a very small woody shrub whose bark is used in tanning so-called ‘white’ leather, usually from deerskin. b. In figurative and similative contexts, esp. with reference to toughness, elasticity, softness, or paleness. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > strength > [noun] > toughness > leathery toughness whitleather1533 leatheriness1920 the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [noun] > that which is soft > typically soft thing whitleather1830 feather-bed1870 1533 tr. Erasmus Enchiridion Militis Christiani xiii. sig. I.vii^v In hate as tough as whyte lether. 1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir iv. sig. I2 The guts of my conscience beginne to be of whit-leather. 1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 96 Nurse. I'll soon bring his Nose to the Grind-stone. C[oupler] aside. Wellsaid old Whiteleather. a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 321 My Sides are not of Iron, neither Are my Lungs made of Whit-leather. 1765 tr. A. Goudar Chinese Spy IV. lxiv. 187 A small table was set before me, with a piece of cold roast beef, tough as whit-leather. 1830 G. P. R. James Darnley I. v. 115 Pray God to make all your bones as soft as whit-leather. 1839 C. M. Kirkland New Home xxxiv. 225 Her eyes grew preternaturally pale, and her lips wan as whit-leather. 1913 D. H. Lawrence Love Poems 44 A widow o forty-five As has sludged like a horse all her life, Till 'er's tough as whit-leather. 2009 C. Hudson Packhorseman vii. 83 For the midday meal..strips of jerked beef as hard as whit-leather. 2. The nuchal ligament, esp. of a domestic quadruped. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > [noun] > hoofed animal > parts of > tendon supporting head paxwaxa1325 whitleather1692 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 150 Which Aponeurosis..is taken notice of by the Vulgar by the name of Fixfax, or Packwax, or Whit-leather. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. vi. iii. 362 That..Ligament [Note], Called the Whitleather, Packwax, Taxwax, and Fixfax. 1834 Mag. Nat. Hist. 7 404 During the time they are feeding, the neck is supported on each side by a strong and remarkably tough ligament, called whitleather. 1916 H. E. Jordan & J. S. Ferguson Text-bk. Histol. iii. 61 Elastic tissue is found in the..ligamentum nuchæ (‘whitleather’) of quadrupeds. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective. ΚΠ 1384Whit-lether-tewer [see sense 1aα. ]. a1486 in Archaeologia (1900) 57 68 They schall putte up on them..a reed cote of reed tartaryn and a white ledir girdill. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Hole brydle & saddle, whyt leather [1577 whit lether] nall. 1591 R. Greene Second Pt. Conny-catching sig. A2 A little white leather headstal and raines. ?a1600 MS BL Lansd. 241 f. 145 Thy gerdill made of the whittlether whange. 1696 London Gaz. No. 3217/4 A white Leather Side Saddle, and Hunting-Bit. 1755 Gen. Mag. Arts & Sci. Sept. 158/1 Thomas Tuckett and Joseph Tuckett of Piddletown in Dorsetshire, White Leather-Dressers and Woolstaplers. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 397 Whit-leather thongs. 2011 D. Frick in T. M. Safley Compan. to Multiconfessionalism Early Mod. World vi. 429 Other guilds—hatmakers, glaziers..white-leather tanners, masons. C2. Similative. ΚΠ 1616 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Scornful Ladie v. sig. H4 Hast thou so much moysture in thy whitleather hyde yet, that thou can'st cry? 1879 J. Beatty Citizen-soldier 240 True, the pie had ‘strawberries in him’, but not enough to pay one for chewing the whit-leather crust. 1996 R. Isbell Ray Hicks ii. 22 He has neither his father's talent nor his whitleather strength. Derivatives † ˈwhitleather-like adv. Obsolete ΚΠ 1635 J. Gower Pyrgomachia sig. C3 Then from thy flesh I'le draw thy hide, And have it throughly tann'd, and dry'd Whit-lether-like. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1384
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