wendingn.

Brit.

/ˈwɛndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈwɛndɪŋ/

Forms: see wend v.¹ and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian wendinge (only in compounds: jērwendinge anniversary of death, witherwendinge restitution; West Frisian winding revolution, change of direction, turning on the opposite tack), Middle Dutch wendinge turning (Dutch wending turning, turn, reversal, twist, manner), Middle High German wendunge aversion of harm (German Wendung turn, change, twist, turn of phrase), Old Swedish vänding , Old Danish (Danish) vending turning, change, instant, battle < the Germanic base of wend v.¹ + the Germanic base of -ing suffix¹. Compare Icelandic vending turn, turning.

†a. The action of turning; a twist, a turn; (concrete) a place where a path changes direction. Also: the action of changing, a change. Obsolete.In quot. OE: a turning round, a revolution.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [noun]

wendingeOE

changing?c1225

stirringa1240

wrixlinga1240

changec1325

variancec1340

transmutationc1380

varyingc1380

whileness1382

translationc1384

alterationa1398

mutationa1398

removinga1425

revolutiona1425

shiftingc1440

changementc1450

muance1480

commutation1509

altry1527

transition1545

turning1548

novation1549

immutation?c1550

alterance1559

alienation1562

turn?1567

vicissitude1603

refraction1614

fermentationa1661

diabasis1672

parallax1677

motion1678

aliation1775

transience1946

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlii. 306 Hit [sc. monna mod] gedeð hit self him selfum suiðe ungelic for ðære gelomlican wendinge.

OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 45 On anre wendinge þa hwile ðe he [sc. the firmament] æne betyrnð gað witodlice forð feower and twentig tida.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 23 (MED) Ðies wændinge is iwis ðurh godes swiðere hand.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 313 (MED) Laborintus is an hous..wiþ tornynges and wendynges and wonderful weyes.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. vi. 656 Tygris..passeth into þe Rede See aftir many turnynges and wendynges.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 12 But at the weendyng [L. ubi ad versuram venerint] slake T[h]e [MS Te] yook, thyn oxon nekkis forto cole.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) (1988) 116 (MED) Þere were in þat place so many wondirful tornynges And wendingges and þerfore it was yclepid Laberinthus.

1851 J. Kennedy Nat. Hist. Man. I. i. i. 60 Girls dance nimbly, and in fantastic wendings and bendings of the body.

b. Nautical. The action or an act of turning, esp. on the opposite tack. Cf. wend v.¹ 7. Now rare.

ΚΠ

?c1588 tr. in J. Bruce Rep. Arrangem. Internal Def. these Kingdoms (1798) App li. p. ccxlvi Before I wende, I will shoote off a peace, and in wending, will shewe another lighte, on the poope.

a1592 T. Cavendish in S. Purchas Pilgrimes (1625) IV. vi. 1195 We were almost aground in wending.

1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services iv. 117 Thorow the wending of the Ship (that is, the turning about of the Ship, being at an Anchor) these Cables have gotten some windings one about another.

1706 R. Park Art of Sea-fighting xvii. 220 Riding at the Upper End of Woolwich in a Spring Tide, upon the Flood in wending our Ship touch'd the Ground, and lay thwart.

1755 W. Emerson Navigation Table of Terms 161 Wending, turning about, when lying at anchor.

1891 Caian Michaelmas Term 113 I ordered the mizzen to be set, and after four attempts we succeeded in wending.

1935 Mariner's Mirror 21 331/2 Amongst the older yachtsmen..the term wending is regularly used when turning to windward.

2. Now somewhat literary.

a. The action or an act of going, proceeding, or wandering; (in early use) esp. †a going away, a departure (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun]

departing?c1225

partingc1300

withdrawingc1315

departc1330

wendingc1330

outpassinga1387

goinga1400

discessc1425

departisona1450

departmentc1450

going awayc1450

departition1470

departurec1515

recess1531

avoidance1563

parture1567

waygate1575

departance1579

exit1596

remotion1608

voiding1612

recession1630

recedence1641

recede1649

partment1663

recedure1712

leaving1719

off-going1727

quittance1757

departal1823

pull-out1825

pull-awaya1829

society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > [noun]

departing?c1225

partingc1300

departc1330

wendingc1330

going-outc1350

goinga1400

discessc1425

departisona1450

departmentc1450

departition1470

departurec1515

recess1531

avoidance1563

parture1567

waygate1575

departance1579

remotion1608

voiding1612

recede1649

partment1663

leaving1719

off-going1727

quittance1757

departal1823

waying1922

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1218 He goþ him to his fader þo, Þat for his wending was ful wo.

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 919 Nis in þis werlde non so siker þing [sc. deþ], Þe tyme neiȝeþ of her wendyng.

a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 3268 Þere he ordeyniþ his wendyng Toward Darie þe kyng.

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 9967 She went ageyn with hir meigne; The third day aftir hir wending, [Generides] ther was crovned king.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) civ. §36. 371 Egipt was fayn in thaire wendynge [L. in profectione eorum].

1589 T. Lodge Scillaes Metamorphosis sig. F Rockes for ruth, and birds for sorow plaine my wofull wending.

1858 Amer. Educ. Year-bk. Feb. 60 The Voice will be..a representative of the progress of the West in all that tends to advance the general march of civilization with that of empire in its westward wendings.

1876 Comic Jrnl. 27 Sept. 243/1 Let us allow him to get his wending over, or there won't be room for the remainder of the story.

1901 Brick Jan. 75/1 A call from the president was the signal for the wending of the clayworkers to the convention hall.

1914 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. July 118 He paused an instant in his wending.

2001 S. Heaney Electric Light 5 O pastel turrets, pods and tapering stalks That stood their ground for all our summer wending.

b. The (meandering) progress of a river or road. Also in plural in same sense.

ΚΠ

1826 C. J. Perry Misc. Poems in House of Mornington 78 Beneath its slope, in silent wendings glide, The narrow stream, on which the vessel rides.

1869 M. Leathes Soimême vii. 97 I could see the Welsh mountains, and the wendings of the Severn among emerald meadows.

1915 Amer. Sheep Breeder Dec. 542/2 He looked afar off, rested his eyes for a moment on the old church cross and then followed the wending of the valley road.

2011 M. Bragg Son of War 98 They hurtled towards the Wiza river, frozen for days in its serpentine wendings.

†3. A journey. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun]

forec900

wayOE

farec1000

sitheOE

gangOE

journey?c1225

gatea1300

pilgrimagec1300

voyage1338

wending1340

raik?c1350

turna1400

repairc1425

went1430

reisea1450

progressionc1450

progressa1460

race1513

peregrination1548

travel1559

passance1580

dogtrot1856

trek1895

ulendo1921

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 71 Þis lyf ne is bote a wendynge, wel ssort, and þis wordle ne is bote wendynge.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 273 (MED) He halp duke William in many þinges in his wendinge to Engelond.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 207 Jon dred þat wendyng, to France wild he nouht.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. viii. 78 God graunt you good weyndyng, And euermore with you be.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

wendingadj.

Brit.

/ˈwɛndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈwɛndɪŋ/

Forms: see wend v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wend v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < wend v.¹ + -ing suffix².

Now somewhat literary.

That wends (in various senses); esp. going, proceeding; wandering, meandering.backward-wending: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [adjective]

wendingOE

travelling1340

cursory1606

peregrinating1611

passantc1710

journeying1739

trekking1850

OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) xxiv. 189 Precordia fatui quasi rota curri et quasi axis uersatilis sic cogitatus stulti : forebreostu þæs stuntan swylce hweowul crætes & swylce ex wendende swa geþanc þæs dysigan.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clxxiii. 1066 Of thus ysette afuyre comeþ wel smellynge smoke schape as a ȝerde, and smale byneþe and swithe meuable and wendynge.

1715 L. Theobald tr. Sophocles Oedipus v. ii. 66 O triple-wending Road, ye gloomy Woods! Ye Shrubs, ye fatal and contracted Paths.

1833 Ladies' Penny Gaz. 16 Feb. 134/2 Then haste thee on, my wending bark, Through bending billows breaking.

1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. xxi. 253 She drove across the hill-top in the wending ways which led downwards.

1916 A. S. Hobart Transplanted Truths ix. 118 The wending processions of men to the place of prayer.

1945 Jrnl. Walters Art Gallery 1944–5 68/2 The costumes of the wending troupe.

2004 S. Hall Electric Michelangelo 77 The wending tracks on the Yorkshire moors.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wending
释义	wendingn. Brit. /ˈwɛndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈwɛndɪŋ/ Forms: see wend v.¹ and -ing suffix¹. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian wendinge (only in compounds: jērwendinge anniversary of death, witherwendinge restitution; West Frisian winding revolution, change of direction, turning on the opposite tack), Middle Dutch wendinge turning (Dutch wending turning, turn, reversal, twist, manner), Middle High German wendunge aversion of harm (German Wendung turn, change, twist, turn of phrase), Old Swedish vänding , Old Danish (Danish) vending turning, change, instant, battle < the Germanic base of wend v.¹ + the Germanic base of -ing suffix¹. Compare Icelandic vending turn, turning. 1. †a. The action of turning; a twist, a turn; (concrete) a place where a path changes direction. Also: the action of changing, a change. Obsolete.In quot. OE: a turning round, a revolution. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] wendingeOE changing?c1225 stirringa1240 wrixlinga1240 changec1325 variancec1340 transmutationc1380 varyingc1380 whileness1382 translationc1384 alterationa1398 mutationa1398 removinga1425 revolutiona1425 shiftingc1440 changementc1450 muance1480 commutation1509 altry1527 transition1545 turning1548 novation1549 immutation?c1550 alterance1559 alienation1562 turn?1567 vicissitude1603 refraction1614 fermentationa1661 diabasis1672 parallax1677 motion1678 aliation1775 transience1946 eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlii. 306 Hit [sc. monna mod] gedeð hit self him selfum suiðe ungelic for ðære gelomlican wendinge. OE Ælfric Hexameron (Hatton 115) 45 On anre wendinge þa hwile ðe he [sc. the firmament] æne betyrnð gað witodlice forð feower and twentig tida. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 23 (MED) Ðies wændinge is iwis ðurh godes swiðere hand. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 313 (MED) Laborintus is an hous..wiþ tornynges and wendynges and wonderful weyes. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. vi. 656 Tygris..passeth into þe Rede See aftir many turnynges and wendynges. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 12 But at the weendyng [L. ubi ad versuram venerint] slake T[h]e [MS Te] yook, thyn oxon nekkis forto cole. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) (1988) 116 (MED) Þere were in þat place so many wondirful tornynges And wendingges and þerfore it was yclepid Laberinthus. 1851 J. Kennedy Nat. Hist. Man. I. i. i. 60 Girls dance nimbly, and in fantastic wendings and bendings of the body. b. Nautical. The action or an act of turning, esp. on the opposite tack. Cf. wend v.¹ 7. Now rare. ΚΠ ?c1588 tr. in J. Bruce Rep. Arrangem. Internal Def. these Kingdoms (1798) App li. p. ccxlvi Before I wende, I will shoote off a peace, and in wending, will shewe another lighte, on the poope. a1592 T. Cavendish in S. Purchas Pilgrimes (1625) IV. vi. 1195 We were almost aground in wending. 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services iv. 117 Thorow the wending of the Ship (that is, the turning about of the Ship, being at an Anchor) these Cables have gotten some windings one about another. 1706 R. Park Art of Sea-fighting xvii. 220 Riding at the Upper End of Woolwich in a Spring Tide, upon the Flood in wending our Ship touch'd the Ground, and lay thwart. 1755 W. Emerson Navigation Table of Terms 161 Wending, turning about, when lying at anchor. 1891 Caian Michaelmas Term 113 I ordered the mizzen to be set, and after four attempts we succeeded in wending. 1935 Mariner's Mirror 21 331/2 Amongst the older yachtsmen..the term wending is regularly used when turning to windward. 2. Now somewhat literary. a. The action or an act of going, proceeding, or wandering; (in early use) esp. †a going away, a departure (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun] departing?c1225 partingc1300 withdrawingc1315 departc1330 wendingc1330 outpassinga1387 goinga1400 discessc1425 departisona1450 departmentc1450 going awayc1450 departition1470 departurec1515 recess1531 avoidance1563 parture1567 waygate1575 departance1579 exit1596 remotion1608 voiding1612 recession1630 recedence1641 recede1649 partment1663 recedure1712 leaving1719 off-going1727 quittance1757 departal1823 pull-out1825 pull-awaya1829 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > [noun] departing?c1225 partingc1300 departc1330 wendingc1330 going-outc1350 goinga1400 discessc1425 departisona1450 departmentc1450 departition1470 departurec1515 recess1531 avoidance1563 parture1567 waygate1575 departance1579 remotion1608 voiding1612 recede1649 partment1663 leaving1719 off-going1727 quittance1757 departal1823 waying1922 c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1218 He goþ him to his fader þo, Þat for his wending was ful wo. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 919 Nis in þis werlde non so siker þing [sc. deþ], Þe tyme neiȝeþ of her wendyng. a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 3268 Þere he ordeyniþ his wendyng Toward Darie þe kyng. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 9967 She went ageyn with hir meigne; The third day aftir hir wending, [Generides] ther was crovned king. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) civ. §36. 371 Egipt was fayn in thaire wendynge [L. in profectione eorum]. 1589 T. Lodge Scillaes Metamorphosis sig. F Rockes for ruth, and birds for sorow plaine my wofull wending. 1858 Amer. Educ. Year-bk. Feb. 60 The Voice will be..a representative of the progress of the West in all that tends to advance the general march of civilization with that of empire in its westward wendings. 1876 Comic Jrnl. 27 Sept. 243/1 Let us allow him to get his wending over, or there won't be room for the remainder of the story. 1901 Brick Jan. 75/1 A call from the president was the signal for the wending of the clayworkers to the convention hall. 1914 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. July 118 He paused an instant in his wending. 2001 S. Heaney Electric Light 5 O pastel turrets, pods and tapering stalks That stood their ground for all our summer wending. b. The (meandering) progress of a river or road. Also in plural in same sense. ΚΠ 1826 C. J. Perry Misc. Poems in House of Mornington 78 Beneath its slope, in silent wendings glide, The narrow stream, on which the vessel rides. 1869 M. Leathes Soimême vii. 97 I could see the Welsh mountains, and the wendings of the Severn among emerald meadows. 1915 Amer. Sheep Breeder Dec. 542/2 He looked afar off, rested his eyes for a moment on the old church cross and then followed the wending of the valley road. 2011 M. Bragg Son of War 98 They hurtled towards the Wiza river, frozen for days in its serpentine wendings. †3. A journey. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] forec900 wayOE farec1000 sitheOE gangOE journey?c1225 gatea1300 pilgrimagec1300 voyage1338 wending1340 raik?c1350 turna1400 repairc1425 went1430 reisea1450 progressionc1450 progressa1460 race1513 peregrination1548 travel1559 passance1580 dogtrot1856 trek1895 ulendo1921 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 71 Þis lyf ne is bote a wendynge, wel ssort, and þis wordle ne is bote wendynge. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 273 (MED) He halp duke William in many þinges in his wendinge to Engelond. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 207 Jon dred þat wendyng, to France wild he nouht. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. viii. 78 God graunt you good weyndyng, And euermore with you be. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). wendingadj. Brit. /ˈwɛndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈwɛndɪŋ/ Forms: see wend v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wend v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < wend v.¹ + -ing suffix². Now somewhat literary. That wends (in various senses); esp. going, proceeding; wandering, meandering.backward-wending: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [adjective] wendingOE travelling1340 cursory1606 peregrinating1611 passantc1710 journeying1739 trekking1850 OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) xxiv. 189 Precordia fatui quasi rota curri et quasi axis uersatilis sic cogitatus stulti : forebreostu þæs stuntan swylce hweowul crætes & swylce ex wendende swa geþanc þæs dysigan. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clxxiii. 1066 Of thus ysette afuyre comeþ wel smellynge smoke schape as a ȝerde, and smale byneþe and swithe meuable and wendynge. 1715 L. Theobald tr. Sophocles Oedipus v. ii. 66 O triple-wending Road, ye gloomy Woods! Ye Shrubs, ye fatal and contracted Paths. 1833 Ladies' Penny Gaz. 16 Feb. 134/2 Then haste thee on, my wending bark, Through bending billows breaking. 1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. xxi. 253 She drove across the hill-top in the wending ways which led downwards. 1916 A. S. Hobart Transplanted Truths ix. 118 The wending processions of men to the place of prayer. 1945 Jrnl. Walters Art Gallery 1944–5 68/2 The costumes of the wending troupe. 2004 S. Hall Electric Michelangelo 77 The wending tracks on the Yorkshire moors. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.eOEadj.OE
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