well-bornadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌwɛlˈbɔːn/, U.S.

/ˌwɛlˈbɔrn/

Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and born adj.; also Old English welhoren (transmission error).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., born adj.

Etymology: < well adv. + born adj. Compare Old Frisian welberen (West Frisian wolberne ), Old Icelandic velborinn , Norn (Shetland) velburin , Old Danish velbaaren (Danish velbåren ), Old Swedish välborin (Swedish välboren ), and also (with prefixed past participle) Middle Dutch welgheboren (Dutch welgeboren ), Middle High German wolgeborn (German wohlgeboren ). Compare Old English (rare) betboren born to higher estate, more noble, and later better-born at better adj., n.¹, and adv. Compounds 1a, and also best-born adj. at best adj., n.¹, and adv. Compounds 1b, which function respectively as comparative and superlative forms.In sense A. 2 in early use after Middle French bien né (c1372 in the passage translated in quot. ?c1450, or earlier; French bien né). Also attested early as a surname: John Welborn de Tomlond (1368).

A. adj.

1. Of noble birth or lineage; from a highly regarded family.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [adjective] > of birth

well-bornOE

ethelbornOE

athelOE

high-bornc1275

noblec1300

great-kinned?c1450

nobly-born1586

ingenious1638

ingenuous1638

gently-born1871

thegn-born1874

hochgeboren1930

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xix. 12 Homo quidam nobilis abiit in regionem longinquam accipere sibi regnum : monn sum welboren foerde on lond unneh uel suiðe fearr to onfoanne him ric.

OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Deut. (Claud.) i. 15 Ic nam wise men & welborene [L. nobiles], & sette hi to ealdrum.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2654 Þeo scullen beon icorne. and swiðe wel iborne.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 169 Ye that be so well-borne a man and suche a man of prouesse, there is no lady in this worlde to good for you.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Zz.iii Of the chief conditions and qualities in a waytyng gentylwoman. To be well born and of a good house.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 278 As many and as well-borne bloods as those.

1633 Earl of Manchester Al Mondo: Contemplatio Mortis (rev. ed.) 138 To see well borne men to despise honest callings.

1668 J. Dryden Secret-love i. iii. 13 My Cousin is..Valiant and wise; and handsome; and well born. Qu. But not of Royal bloud.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. xii. 103 There is a Something in Persons well-born, which others can never acquire.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xlix. 435 Mrs. Crawley is not very well born.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. viii. 80 The streets were not altogether a pleasant promenade for well-born women.

1905 R. Bagot Passport xiii. 120 You would not be considered well-born enough nor rich enough.

1990 Mirabella Dec. 160/1 Well-born eccentrics like Countess Phyllis Della Faille.

2. Having the personal qualities associated with noble birth; refined in nature or character.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adjective] > well-mannered > well-bred

gentlec1325

kindc1330

inqueredc1440

well-born?c1450

well-bred1585

well nutrimenteda1592

well-reared1597

high-bred1604

jaunty1664

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 16 He herde that the king of Denmark had .iij. faire doughtres well born [Fr. moult bien nées].

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. U.iiii^v Wel born he was wel bent by kinde, whose mind did neuer swarue.

1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. iii. sig. D2 Shall..Milo staine whole stocks Of well borne soules, with his adultering spots?

1606 L. Bryskett Disc. Ciuill Life 32 Well borne, vertuous, chaste, of tall and comely personage, and well spoken.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 248 Heav'n, that well-born Souls inspires, Prompts me..To..rush undaunted to defend the Walls.

1735 Universal Spectator 30 Aug. Who lives with Innocence, acts with Honour, and makes Virtue his Study, let him be born how he may, is well born.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 99 This ‘leading in triumph’.., must shock, I believe, the moral taste of every well-born mind.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 138 Counsel which the ages kept, Shall the well-born soul accept.

1859 Monthly Relig. Mag. May 291 Nothing is more revolting to any well-born mind.

1961 G. Dillon Three Plays of Racine 3 The monolithic integrity of these ‘well-born souls’,..tended to make of them almost another species.

1991 N. Mailer Harlot's Ghost i. i. 122 Natural ability was closer to God. It meant you were wellborn.

B. n.

With the. With plural agreement: well-born people collectively. Also in extended use: (U.S. colloquial) members or supporters of the Federalist Party (now historical).The term was derisively adopted by the Federalists' opponents with reference to its earnest use by John Adams (see quot. 1787).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > principles or policies > adherents or supporters of

well-born1629

liberty boy1766

federalist1787

anti1788

Fed1788

monocrat1792

anti-federal1805

blue light1814

dough face1820

colonizationist1823

slavite1831

hunker1849

states' righter1861

slavist1889

Little American1899

New Frontiersman1923

America Firster1927

new federalist1969

angry white male1991

angry white man1993

AWM1994

1629 J. Mabbe tr. C. de Fonseca Deuout Contempl. viii. 127 Both the ill, & the well born do confesse..It is God that hath made vs, and not we our selues.

1741 Pamela's Conduct in High Life I. 208 This Vice is seldom among the well-born and the well-bred.

1787 J. Adams Def. Constit. Govt. U.S.A. I. p. x The rich, the well-born, and the able, acquire an influence among the people, that will soon be too much for simple honesty and plain sense, in a house of representatives.

1788 Amer. Museum June (1792) 527 Under such a government, men of education, abilities, and property, commonly called the well born, will be the most likely to get into places of power and trust.

1795 John Bull Starving (new ed.) 10 The liberal minded and the well-born are few.

1841 A. Helps Domest. Rule in Ess. (1842) 52 The well-educated or the well-born.

1883 J. B. McMaster Hist. People U.S. I. 469 In most of the squibs and pasquinades that filled the papers the Federalists were reviled under the name of ‘the well-born’.

1910 Amer. Jrnl. Eugenics Jan. 7 Not all the well born..uphold such narrow views.

2009 G. S. Wood Empire of Liberty vii. 253 They..implored the people to cast off their sense of inferiority to the ‘well-born’..and elect whomever they wished to the offices of government.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	well-born
释义	well-bornadj.n. Brit. /ˌwɛlˈbɔːn/, U.S. /ˌwɛlˈbɔrn/ Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and born adj.; also Old English welhoren (transmission error). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., born adj. Etymology: < well adv. + born adj. Compare Old Frisian welberen (West Frisian wolberne ), Old Icelandic velborinn , Norn (Shetland) velburin , Old Danish velbaaren (Danish velbåren ), Old Swedish välborin (Swedish välboren ), and also (with prefixed past participle) Middle Dutch welgheboren (Dutch welgeboren ), Middle High German wolgeborn (German wohlgeboren ). Compare Old English (rare) betboren born to higher estate, more noble, and later better-born at better adj., n.¹, and adv. Compounds 1a, and also best-born adj. at best adj., n.¹, and adv. Compounds 1b, which function respectively as comparative and superlative forms.In sense A. 2 in early use after Middle French bien né (c1372 in the passage translated in quot. ?c1450, or earlier; French bien né). Also attested early as a surname: John Welborn de Tomlond (1368). A. adj. 1. Of noble birth or lineage; from a highly regarded family. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [adjective] > of birth well-bornOE ethelbornOE athelOE high-bornc1275 noblec1300 great-kinned?c1450 nobly-born1586 ingenious1638 ingenuous1638 gently-born1871 thegn-born1874 hochgeboren1930 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xix. 12 Homo quidam nobilis abiit in regionem longinquam accipere sibi regnum : monn sum welboren foerde on lond unneh uel suiðe fearr to onfoanne him ric. OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Deut. (Claud.) i. 15 Ic nam wise men & welborene [L. nobiles], & sette hi to ealdrum. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2654 Þeo scullen beon icorne. and swiðe wel iborne. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 169 Ye that be so well-borne a man and suche a man of prouesse, there is no lady in this worlde to good for you. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. Zz.iii Of the chief conditions and qualities in a waytyng gentylwoman. To be well born and of a good house. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 278 As many and as well-borne bloods as those. View more context for this quotation 1633 Earl of Manchester Al Mondo: Contemplatio Mortis (rev. ed.) 138 To see well borne men to despise honest callings. 1668 J. Dryden Secret-love i. iii. 13 My Cousin is..Valiant and wise; and handsome; and well born. Qu. But not of Royal bloud. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xiii. xii. 103 There is a Something in Persons well-born, which others can never acquire. View more context for this quotation 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xlix. 435 Mrs. Crawley is not very well born. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. viii. 80 The streets were not altogether a pleasant promenade for well-born women. 1905 R. Bagot Passport xiii. 120 You would not be considered well-born enough nor rich enough. 1990 Mirabella Dec. 160/1 Well-born eccentrics like Countess Phyllis Della Faille. 2. Having the personal qualities associated with noble birth; refined in nature or character. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adjective] > well-mannered > well-bred gentlec1325 kindc1330 inqueredc1440 well-born?c1450 well-bred1585 well nutrimenteda1592 well-reared1597 high-bred1604 jaunty1664 ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 16 He herde that the king of Denmark had .iij. faire doughtres well born [Fr. moult bien nées]. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. U.iiii^v Wel born he was wel bent by kinde, whose mind did neuer swarue. 1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. iii. sig. D2 Shall..Milo staine whole stocks Of well borne soules, with his adultering spots? 1606 L. Bryskett Disc. Ciuill Life 32 Well borne, vertuous, chaste, of tall and comely personage, and well spoken. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 248 Heav'n, that well-born Souls inspires, Prompts me..To..rush undaunted to defend the Walls. 1735 Universal Spectator 30 Aug. Who lives with Innocence, acts with Honour, and makes Virtue his Study, let him be born how he may, is well born. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 99 This ‘leading in triumph’.., must shock, I believe, the moral taste of every well-born mind. View more context for this quotation 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 138 Counsel which the ages kept, Shall the well-born soul accept. 1859 Monthly Relig. Mag. May 291 Nothing is more revolting to any well-born mind. 1961 G. Dillon Three Plays of Racine 3 The monolithic integrity of these ‘well-born souls’,..tended to make of them almost another species. 1991 N. Mailer Harlot's Ghost i. i. 122 Natural ability was closer to God. It meant you were wellborn. B. n. With the. With plural agreement: well-born people collectively. Also in extended use: (U.S. colloquial) members or supporters of the Federalist Party (now historical).The term was derisively adopted by the Federalists' opponents with reference to its earnest use by John Adams (see quot. 1787). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > principles or policies > adherents or supporters of well-born1629 liberty boy1766 federalist1787 anti1788 Fed1788 monocrat1792 anti-federal1805 blue light1814 dough face1820 colonizationist1823 slavite1831 hunker1849 states' righter1861 slavist1889 Little American1899 New Frontiersman1923 America Firster1927 new federalist1969 angry white male1991 angry white man1993 AWM1994 1629 J. Mabbe tr. C. de Fonseca Deuout Contempl. viii. 127 Both the ill, & the well born do confesse..It is God that hath made vs, and not we our selues. 1741 Pamela's Conduct in High Life I. 208 This Vice is seldom among the well-born and the well-bred. 1787 J. Adams Def. Constit. Govt. U.S.A. I. p. x The rich, the well-born, and the able, acquire an influence among the people, that will soon be too much for simple honesty and plain sense, in a house of representatives. 1788 Amer. Museum June (1792) 527 Under such a government, men of education, abilities, and property, commonly called the well born, will be the most likely to get into places of power and trust. 1795 John Bull Starving (new ed.) 10 The liberal minded and the well-born are few. 1841 A. Helps Domest. Rule in Ess. (1842) 52 The well-educated or the well-born. 1883 J. B. McMaster Hist. People U.S. I. 469 In most of the squibs and pasquinades that filled the papers the Federalists were reviled under the name of ‘the well-born’. 1910 Amer. Jrnl. Eugenics Jan. 7 Not all the well born..uphold such narrow views. 2009 G. S. Wood Empire of Liberty vii. 253 They..implored the people to cast off their sense of inferiority to the ‘well-born’..and elect whomever they wished to the offices of government. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.OE
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