waxenadj.¹

Brit.

/ˈwaksn/, U.S.

/ˈwæks(ə)n/

Forms: Also 1600s Scottish wexin.

Etymology: < wax n.¹ + -en suffix⁴. Old English had węxen, *wiexen = (Middle) Dutch, (Middle) Low German wassen, Old High German wahsîn (Middle High German wähsîn, wehsîn, modern German wächsen) < Germanic *waχsīno-.

a. Made of wax.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [adjective] > made of wax

waxenc1000

waxy1552

wax1585

ceroneous1657

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 210 Hlaf wexenne [L. cerarium, error for cencrium ‘of millet’] niman freo[n]dscipas niwe gefegð.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1650 Waxen torches Seggeȝ sette..in sale.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxiii. f. c The whiche Ordre he kepte duely by waxen tapers kepte by certayne persones.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc5 Eftesoones long waxen torches weren light, Vnto their bowres to guyden euery guest.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. F3^v By the light of a waxen candle.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iv. 199 For now my loue is thaw'd, Which like a waxen Image 'gainst a fire Beares no impression of the thing it was.

1643 A. Ross Mel Heliconium (new ed.) 40 In that we do injoy our lives, In that our wexin kingdom thrives.

1646 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple 115 The working Bees soft melting Gold, That which their waxen Mines enfold.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 491 The Femal Bee that..builds her waxen Cells With Honey stor'd.

a1695 Z. Cradock Great End Christianity (1706) 21 They are but the..artificial Counterfeit of Vertue, Trees laden with waxen Fruit.

1782 V. Knox Ess. (1819) III. cxxvi. 40 A resemblance scarcely less exact than that of the bust to its mould, or the waxen seal to the sculptured gem.

1825 W. Scott Talisman iii, in Tales Crusaders III. 83 Two waxen torches, which the hermit lighted, gave a cheerful air to the place.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xvi. 677 A waxen figure..was dragged about Westminster in a chariot.

1860 Family Economist 3 Mar. 142/1 Waxen Flowers and Fruit.

1887 Harper's Mag. July 185/2 The metal (or glass) plate is covered with a waxen composition.

b. waxen image n. spec. an effigy in wax representing a person whom it was desired to injure by witchcraft.The victim was believed to waste away as the wax melted at the fire, and to suffer pain from stabs or the like inflicted on the effigy. Cf. quot. a1616 at sense 1a above.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > making or using image of person > apparatus of

poppetc1400

waxen image1685

1685 G. Sinclair Satans Invisible World Discovered 101 The Waxen-Image being found and broken..the King did..recover.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 38 Around his waxen Image, first I wind Three woollen Fillets.

1821 C. Lamb Witches in Elia 1st Ser. That maidens pined away, wasting inwardly as their waxen images consumed before a fire.

1840 R. H. Barham Leech of Folkestone in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 144 Fixed against [the doors]..was a waxen image—of himself!

1870 D. G. Rossetti Sister Helen 1 Why did you melt your waxen man, Sister Helen?

2. transferred and figurative. As if made of wax.

a. With reference to the softness, impressibility, or fusibility of wax. Chiefly of immaterial things (often with opposition to steel or marble).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] > plastic

malleablec1395

pliablec1475

submissivea1593

waxen1594

cereous1601

mouldable1626

shapeable1647

soluble1650

fictile1676

wax-like1748

plastic1791

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. I2^v For men haue marble, women waxen mindes.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iii. 75 Oh thou the earthly Authour of my bloud..with thy blessings steele my launces point, That it may enter Mowbraies waxen cote.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 38 The Worlds owne Matter, is the waxen Lumpe, Which, vn-selfe-changing, takes all kind of stampe.

1653 A. Marvell Corr. (Grosart) II. 4 Truly he is of a gentle and waxen disposition.

1763 G. Canning Epist. from William Lord Russell 18 Watch o'er my Son, inform his waxen youth.

1794 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) II. 424 Those who remain are of that waxen substance called the men of property.

1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton King Arthur iii. l But men are waxen when the Fates are steel'd.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxi. 35 This fellow would make weakness weak, And melt the waxen hearts of men.

b. With reference to the smooth and lustrous surface of things modelled in wax. Said, e.g., of fruits, flowers, youthful limbs. Also applied to the pallor of a corpse or a sick person.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > smooth and polished or glossy

slighta1300

politea1398

well-burnishedc1400

well-polished1485

snod?a1500

sleeked1513

sneith1513

snog1513

sleek1589

enamelled1600

polished1649

slid1719

waxen1722

glazy1724

smolt1837

patent leather1904

smarmy1909

ciré1921

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective]

blatec1000

whiteOE

greena1275

blakec1275

bleykea1300

wana1300

palec1330

bleach1340

pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374

colourlessc1380

deadlyc1385

deadc1386

bloodlessc1450

earthlyc1460

ruddylessc1460

wan visaged?a1513

wanny1555

as pale or white as a clout1557

bleak1566

mealy1566

pale-faced1570

ghastly1574

white-faced1577

bleakish1581

pallid1590

whiggish1590

tallow-faced1592

maid-pale1597

lily1600

whey-colour1602

lew1611

roseless1611

Hippocratical1615

cadaverousa1661

Hippocratic1681

smock-faced1684

white-looked1690

livid1728

as white (or pale) as a sheet1752

squalid1753

deathly1791

etiolated1791

light-skinned1802

suety1803

shilpit1813

blanched1828

tallowy1830

suet-faced1834

pasty1836

tallowish1838

whey-faced1847

pasty-faced1848

aghast1850

waxen1853

complexionless1863

light-skin1877

lily-cheeked1877

lardy1879

wan-faced1881

exsanguinous1889

wheatish1950

1722 tr. Virgil Pastorals ii, in C. Sedley Wks. I. 268* And waxen Plumbs [L. cerea pruna].

1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Odes (new ed.) I. i. xiii. 2 His rosy neck, and waxen arms [L. cerea bracchia].

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House viii. 78 But the small waxen form [sc. the dead baby]..had been composed afresh.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxi. 266 It makes a man feel badly to see the faces around him bleaching into waxen paleness.

1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders xii. 107 I saw..a few waxen lobes of bell-heath, perfectly white.

c. ? As if written on wax; soon effaced.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective]

slidinga900

scrithingOE

henwardOE

swifta1225

short livya1325

passing1340

flittingc1374

shadowy1374

temporalc1384

speedfula1400

transitory?c1400

brittlea1425

unabidingc1430

frail?c1450

indurablec1450

scrithel?c1475

caduke1483

transitorious1492

passanta1500

perishinga1500

caducea1513

fugitive?1518

caducal?1548

quick1548

delible1549

flittering1549

undurable?1555

shadowish1561

fleeting1563

vading1566

flightful1571

wanzing1571

transitive1575

slipping1581

diary1583

unlasting1585

never-lasting1588

flit1590

post-like1594

running1598

short-lived1598

short-winded1598

transient1599

unpermanent1607

flashy1609

of a day1612

passable1613

dureless1614

urgenta1616

waxena1616

decayable1617

horary1620

evanid1626

fugitable1628

short-dated1632

fugacious1635

ephemerala1639

impermanent1653

fungous1655

volatile1655

ephemerousa1660

unimmortal1667

timesome1674

while-being1674

of passage1680

journal1685

ephemeron1714

admovent1727

evanescent1728

meteorous1750

deciduous1763

preterient1786

ephemeridal1795

meteorica1802

meteor1803

ephemerean1804

ephemerid1804

evanescing1805

fleeted1810

fleet1812

unenduring1814

unremaining1817

unimmortalized1839

impersistent1849

flighty1850

uneternal1862

caducous1863

diurnal1866

horarious1866

brisk1879

evasive1881

picaresque1959

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) i. ii. 233 Or else our graue Like Turkish mute, shall haue a tonguelesse mouth, Not worshipt with a waxen Epitaph.

3. Covered or coated with wax, loaded with wax. waxen wings: often in allusions to the story of Icarus: see Icarian adj.¹

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [adjective] > coated with wax

waxeda1380

ceredc1386

waxena1593

a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. A2 Till swolne with cunning of a selfe conceit, His waxen wings did mount aboue his reach, And melting heauens conspirde his ouerthrow.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 161 The hony bagges steale from the humble Bees, And for night tapers, croppe their waxen thighes.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. B3 Hence it is true..that diuers great learned men haue beene hereticall, whilest they haue sought to flye vp to the secrets of the Deitie by the waxen winges of the Sences.

1695 Ld. Preston tr. Boethius Of Consol. Philos. v. 232 As heretofore with a swift Stile Men us'd on waxen Tables smooth Letters and Figures to ingrave.

1781 W. Cowper Anti-Thelypthora 54 She tutor'd some in Dædalus's art, And promis'd they should..On waxen pinions soar without a fall.

1789–96 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. II. 27 The old..manner of writing, before the use of paper of any kind, and waxen tables, was known.

Compounds

C1. Special collocations.

waxen chatterer n. the Bohemian waxwing, Ampelis garrulus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ptilogonatidae > genus Bombycilla (waxwing) > bombycilla garrula (Bohemian waxwing)

Bohemian chatterer1678

silk-tail1686

chatterer1731

waxen chatterer1797

Bohemian waxwing1816

1797 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Hist. Brit. Birds I. 83 (heading) Silk Tail, or Waxen Chatterer. (Ampelis Garrulus, Lin.).

1862 C. A. Johns Brit. Birds 625 Waxen Chatterer or Waxwing.

† waxen vein n. Mineralogy Obsolete argilliferous marlite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > other argillaceous

tough-stonea1641

waxen vein1681

mudstone1736

marlstone1766

marlite1794

pelite1879

lutite1904

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis iii. §i. v. 311 The Waxen Vein. Ludus Helmontii. A Stone composed of two distinct Bodies.

1705 S. Dale Pharmacologiæ: Suppl. 29 Ludus Paracelsi..Waxen Vein.

1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 836 Masses of the Waxen-vein or Ludus Helmontii, which is also found in great Plenty on the Sea~shore near the Spaw at Scarborough.

C2.

waxen-faced adj.

ΚΠ

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xv. 170 Three stools, and as many waxen-faced men.

waxen-hued adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > [adjective] > pale

blackeOE

blokec1200

blakec1275

fadec1290

bleykea1300

palisha1398

wanned1494

ashy?1541

wearish-coloured1548

wanny1555

wheyish1560

bleak1566

paly1568

ghastly1574

blankish1580

sick1599

palled1601

ashied1613

lurid1656

lunar1742

wax-like1748

ashen1808

unbrightened1827

waxy1835

peely-wally1895

waxen-hued1916

1916 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 116/2 A sorrow-laden, waxen-hued face.

waxen-like adj.

ΚΠ

1845 H. B. Hirst Coming of Mammoth 34 How waxen-like his hands!

1909 Essex Rev. XVIII. 75 Waxen-like flowers of pale pink.

waxen-winged adj.

ΚΠ

a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) Sol. vii. 36 Since waxen-winged Honour is not void Of danger.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† waxenv.¹

Forms: Also wexen, weaxen.

Obsolete.

In several writers of the 16th cent. (chiefly poetical) the forms waxen, wexen occur for wax v.¹, but only in those parts of the verb (infinitive and 3rd person plural present) in which these were in Middle English the normal inflected forms of wax. This may sometimes be due to intentional grammatical archaism; but when these forms are used by writers whose grammar is in all other respects normal, it seems probable that the inflectional waxen in quotations from older writers was mistaken for a verb synonymous but not identical with wax. It has been thought desirable to give here all the examples in our material, in order that their individual significance may be judged of by comparison. The 17th cent. quots. from H. More, which are added for completeness, are of course intentionally archaistic.

ΘΠ

the world > time > change > change [verb (intransitive)] > pass into state, become

yworthOE

worthOE

goOE

becomec1175

come?a1200

waxc1220

charea1225

aworthc1275

makea1300

fallc1300

breedc1325

grow1340

strikea1375

yern1377

entera1382

turna1400

smitec1400

raxa1500

resolvea1500

to get into ——?1510

waxen1540

get1558

prove1560

proceed1578

befall1592

drop1654

evade1677

emerge1699

to turn out1740

to gain into1756

permute1864

slip1864

1540 T. Cranmer Prol. or Pref. in Bible (Great) sig. ✠^v Anone..theyr consciences bene admonished, and they waxen sory & ashamed of the facte.

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 4 And contrariewise, what thynges been moste honest the same weaxen also moste pleasaunt, yf a man haue been accustomed vnto theim.

1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello Tragicall Hist. Romeus & Iuliet f. 29^v The courage of the Mountagewes, by Romeus sight doth growe, The townes men waxen strong, the prince doth send his force.

1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis iii. f. 11 This Licabs chappes did waxen wide, his nosethrils waxed flat.

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xiv. f. 177 I felt a hooked groyne Too wexen hard vppon my mouth.

1584 G. Peele Araygnem. Paris v. i. sig. Eiij^v Then first gan Cupids eysight wexen dim.

1590 W. Vallans Tale two Swannes (1744) p. ix As these Swannes began to waxen old.

1594 R. Barnfield Shepheard Content xxvii. sig. Fij When their fleeces gin to waxen rough.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 56 And then the whole Quire hould their hippes, and loffe, And waxen in their myrth.

1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. A7 What man..Would woxen [1647 wexen] wroth.

1647 H. More Cupid's Confl. lxxv This is the measure of mans industry To wexen some body and getten grace To's outward presence.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	waxen
释义	waxenadj.¹ Brit. /ˈwaksn/, U.S. /ˈwæks(ə)n/ Forms: Also 1600s Scottish wexin. Etymology: < wax n.¹ + -en suffix⁴. Old English had węxen, wiexen = (Middle) Dutch, (Middle) Low German wassen, Old High German wahsîn* (Middle High German wähsîn, wehsîn, modern German wächsen) < Germanic waχsīno-. 1. a. Made of wax. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [adjective] > made of wax waxenc1000 waxy1552 wax1585 ceroneous1657 c1000 Sax. Leechd.* III. 210 Hlaf wexenne [L. cerarium, error for cencrium ‘of millet’] niman freo[n]dscipas niwe gefegð. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1650 Waxen torches Seggeȝ sette..in sale. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxiii. f. c The whiche Ordre he kepte duely by waxen tapers kepte by certayne persones. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc5 Eftesoones long waxen torches weren light, Vnto their bowres to guyden euery guest. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. F3^v By the light of a waxen candle. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iv. 199 For now my loue is thaw'd, Which like a waxen Image 'gainst a fire Beares no impression of the thing it was. View more context for this quotation 1643 A. Ross Mel Heliconium (new ed.) 40 In that we do injoy our lives, In that our wexin kingdom thrives. 1646 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple 115 The working Bees soft melting Gold, That which their waxen Mines enfold. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 491 The Femal Bee that..builds her waxen Cells With Honey stor'd. View more context for this quotation a1695 Z. Cradock Great End Christianity (1706) 21 They are but the..artificial Counterfeit of Vertue, Trees laden with waxen Fruit. 1782 V. Knox Ess. (1819) III. cxxvi. 40 A resemblance scarcely less exact than that of the bust to its mould, or the waxen seal to the sculptured gem. 1825 W. Scott Talisman iii, in Tales Crusaders III. 83 Two waxen torches, which the hermit lighted, gave a cheerful air to the place. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xvi. 677 A waxen figure..was dragged about Westminster in a chariot. 1860 Family Economist 3 Mar. 142/1 Waxen Flowers and Fruit. 1887 Harper's Mag. July 185/2 The metal (or glass) plate is covered with a waxen composition. b. waxen image n. spec. an effigy in wax representing a person whom it was desired to injure by witchcraft.The victim was believed to waste away as the wax melted at the fire, and to suffer pain from stabs or the like inflicted on the effigy. Cf. quot. a1616 at sense 1a above. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > making or using image of person > apparatus of poppetc1400 waxen image1685 1685 G. Sinclair Satans Invisible World Discovered 101 The Waxen-Image being found and broken..the King did..recover. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 38 Around his waxen Image, first I wind Three woollen Fillets. 1821 C. Lamb Witches in Elia 1st Ser. That maidens pined away, wasting inwardly as their waxen images consumed before a fire. 1840 R. H. Barham Leech of Folkestone in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 144 Fixed against [the doors]..was a waxen image—of himself! 1870 D. G. Rossetti Sister Helen 1 Why did you melt your waxen man, Sister Helen? 2. transferred and figurative. As if made of wax. a. With reference to the softness, impressibility, or fusibility of wax. Chiefly of immaterial things (often with opposition to steel or marble). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] > plastic malleablec1395 pliablec1475 submissivea1593 waxen1594 cereous1601 mouldable1626 shapeable1647 soluble1650 fictile1676 wax-like1748 plastic1791 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. I2^v For men haue marble, women waxen mindes. View more context for this quotation 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iii. 75 Oh thou the earthly Authour of my bloud..with thy blessings steele my launces point, That it may enter Mowbraies waxen cote. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 38 The Worlds owne Matter, is the waxen Lumpe, Which, vn-selfe-changing, takes all kind of stampe. 1653 A. Marvell Corr. (Grosart) II. 4 Truly he is of a gentle and waxen disposition. 1763 G. Canning Epist. from William Lord Russell 18 Watch o'er my Son, inform his waxen youth. 1794 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) II. 424 Those who remain are of that waxen substance called the men of property. 1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton King Arthur iii. l But men are waxen when the Fates are steel'd. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxi. 35 This fellow would make weakness weak, And melt the waxen hearts of men. View more context for this quotation b. With reference to the smooth and lustrous surface of things modelled in wax. Said, e.g., of fruits, flowers, youthful limbs. Also applied to the pallor of a corpse or a sick person. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > smooth and polished or glossy slighta1300 politea1398 well-burnishedc1400 well-polished1485 snod?a1500 sleeked1513 sneith1513 snog1513 sleek1589 enamelled1600 polished1649 slid1719 waxen1722 glazy1724 smolt1837 patent leather1904 smarmy1909 ciré1921 the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective] blatec1000 whiteOE greena1275 blakec1275 bleykea1300 wana1300 palec1330 bleach1340 pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374 colourlessc1380 deadlyc1385 deadc1386 bloodlessc1450 earthlyc1460 ruddylessc1460 wan visaged?a1513 wanny1555 as pale or white as a clout1557 bleak1566 mealy1566 pale-faced1570 ghastly1574 white-faced1577 bleakish1581 pallid1590 whiggish1590 tallow-faced1592 maid-pale1597 lily1600 whey-colour1602 lew1611 roseless1611 Hippocratical1615 cadaverousa1661 Hippocratic1681 smock-faced1684 white-looked1690 livid1728 as white (or pale) as a sheet1752 squalid1753 deathly1791 etiolated1791 light-skinned1802 suety1803 shilpit1813 blanched1828 tallowy1830 suet-faced1834 pasty1836 tallowish1838 whey-faced1847 pasty-faced1848 aghast1850 waxen1853 complexionless1863 light-skin1877 lily-cheeked1877 lardy1879 wan-faced1881 exsanguinous1889 wheatish1950 1722 tr. Virgil Pastorals ii, in C. Sedley Wks. I. 268* And waxen Plumbs [L. cerea pruna]. 1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Odes (new ed.) I. i. xiii. 2 His rosy neck, and waxen arms [L. cerea bracchia]. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House viii. 78 But the small waxen form [sc. the dead baby]..had been composed afresh. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxi. 266 It makes a man feel badly to see the faces around him bleaching into waxen paleness. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders xii. 107 I saw..a few waxen lobes of bell-heath, perfectly white. c. ? As if written on wax; soon effaced.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] slidinga900 scrithingOE henwardOE swifta1225 short livya1325 passing1340 flittingc1374 shadowy1374 temporalc1384 speedfula1400 transitory?c1400 brittlea1425 unabidingc1430 frail?c1450 indurablec1450 scrithel?c1475 caduke1483 transitorious1492 passanta1500 perishinga1500 caducea1513 fugitive?1518 caducal?1548 quick1548 delible1549 flittering1549 undurable?1555 shadowish1561 fleeting1563 vading1566 flightful1571 wanzing1571 transitive1575 slipping1581 diary1583 unlasting1585 never-lasting1588 flit1590 post-like1594 running1598 short-lived1598 short-winded1598 transient1599 unpermanent1607 flashy1609 of a day1612 passable1613 dureless1614 urgenta1616 waxena1616 decayable1617 horary1620 evanid1626 fugitable1628 short-dated1632 fugacious1635 ephemerala1639 impermanent1653 fungous1655 volatile1655 ephemerousa1660 unimmortal1667 timesome1674 while-being1674 of passage1680 journal1685 ephemeron1714 admovent1727 evanescent1728 meteorous1750 deciduous1763 preterient1786 ephemeridal1795 meteorica1802 meteor1803 ephemerean1804 ephemerid1804 evanescing1805 fleeted1810 fleet1812 unenduring1814 unremaining1817 unimmortalized1839 impersistent1849 flighty1850 uneternal1862 caducous1863 diurnal1866 horarious1866 brisk1879 evasive1881 picaresque1959 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) i. ii. 233 Or else our graue Like Turkish mute, shall haue a tonguelesse mouth, Not worshipt with a waxen Epitaph. View more context for this quotation 3. Covered or coated with wax, loaded with wax. waxen wings: often in allusions to the story of Icarus: see Icarian adj.¹ ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [adjective] > coated with wax waxeda1380 ceredc1386 waxena1593 a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. A2 Till swolne with cunning of a selfe conceit, His waxen wings did mount aboue his reach, And melting heauens conspirde his ouerthrow. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 161 The hony bagges steale from the humble Bees, And for night tapers, croppe their waxen thighes. View more context for this quotation 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. B3 Hence it is true..that diuers great learned men haue beene hereticall, whilest they haue sought to flye vp to the secrets of the Deitie by the waxen winges of the Sences. View more context for this quotation 1695 Ld. Preston tr. Boethius Of Consol. Philos. v. 232 As heretofore with a swift Stile Men us'd on waxen Tables smooth Letters and Figures to ingrave. 1781 W. Cowper Anti-Thelypthora 54 She tutor'd some in Dædalus's art, And promis'd they should..On waxen pinions soar without a fall. 1789–96 J. Morse Amer. Geogr. II. 27 The old..manner of writing, before the use of paper of any kind, and waxen tables, was known. Compounds C1. Special collocations. waxen chatterer n. the Bohemian waxwing, Ampelis garrulus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ptilogonatidae > genus Bombycilla (waxwing) > bombycilla garrula (Bohemian waxwing) Bohemian chatterer1678 silk-tail1686 chatterer1731 waxen chatterer1797 Bohemian waxwing1816 1797 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Hist. Brit. Birds I. 83 (heading) Silk Tail, or Waxen Chatterer. (Ampelis Garrulus, Lin.). 1862 C. A. Johns Brit. Birds 625 Waxen Chatterer or Waxwing. † waxen vein n. Mineralogy Obsolete argilliferous marlite. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > other argillaceous tough-stonea1641 waxen vein1681 mudstone1736 marlstone1766 marlite1794 pelite1879 lutite1904 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis iii. §i. v. 311 The Waxen Vein. Ludus Helmontii. A Stone composed of two distinct Bodies. 1705 S. Dale Pharmacologiæ: Suppl. 29 Ludus Paracelsi..Waxen Vein. 1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 836 Masses of the Waxen-vein or Ludus Helmontii, which is also found in great Plenty on the Sea~shore near the Spaw at Scarborough. C2. waxen-faced adj. ΚΠ 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xv. 170 Three stools, and as many waxen-faced men. waxen-hued adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > [adjective] > pale blackeOE blokec1200 blakec1275 fadec1290 bleykea1300 palisha1398 wanned1494 ashy?1541 wearish-coloured1548 wanny1555 wheyish1560 bleak1566 paly1568 ghastly1574 blankish1580 sick1599 palled1601 ashied1613 lurid1656 lunar1742 wax-like1748 ashen1808 unbrightened1827 waxy1835 peely-wally1895 waxen-hued1916 1916 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 116/2 A sorrow-laden, waxen-hued face. waxen-like adj. ΚΠ 1845 H. B. Hirst Coming of Mammoth 34 How waxen-like his hands! 1909 Essex Rev. XVIII. 75 Waxen-like flowers of pale pink. waxen-winged adj. ΚΠ a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) Sol. vii. 36 Since waxen-winged Honour is not void Of danger. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † waxenadj.² Etymology: Strong past participle of wax v.¹ Obsolete. Grown up, full-grown, adult. little waxen, young. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > age > maturity > [adjective] oldlyOE rankOE ripedOE thowenc1200 waxena1325 ripea1393 thrivena1400 provect1531 big1552 mellowed1575 adulted1645 full agea1658 adult1742 ripeful?1836 unyouthful1859 untender1879 maturish1885 the world > life > source or principle of life > age > youth > [adjective] > young (of beings) littleeOE youngOE younglyOE younglinga1250 little waxena1325 greena1398 imperfecta1398 primec1429 unold?1440 juvync1450 novelc1450 unaged1486 in youth's flowers?1507 unbearded1560 unweaned1581 whelpish1586 ungrown1593 under-age1594 unhatched1601 infantine1603 springalda1614 unbakeda1616 unlickeda1616 juvenile1625 lile1633 juvenal1638 bloomy1651 youngish1667 blooming1676 puerilea1680 youngerly1742 steerish1789 chota1814 white-shoe1960 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2060 Me drempte ic stod at a win-tre, Ðat adde waxen buges ðre. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 252 Himself in ille likyng, & had no waxen heyre, Þat mot kepe þe coroune, if he of lond went. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. iv. 23 A litle waxen man [L. adolescentulum]. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 161 When hit is a wixen tree, and hundrid oxyn vnneth hit may bowe. a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 21 In ȝong men..or waxen men, I hafe seene few [sc. fistulas] euer be cured. 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1291/2 The Lordes supper is, and oughte to be geuen to them, that are wexen. 1599 1st Pt. Return fr. Parnassus ii. i. 812 Fonde they to thinke that this child's waxen daye Will be well spente when maister beares no swaye. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 415 Such a man can neither seduce his [pupil's] minority with ill examples, nor marre his waxen age with a false impression. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online September 2021). † waxenv.¹ Forms: Also wexen, weaxen. Obsolete. In several writers of the 16th cent. (chiefly poetical) the forms waxen, wexen occur for wax v.¹, but only in those parts of the verb (infinitive and 3rd person plural present) in which these were in Middle English the normal inflected forms of wax. This may sometimes be due to intentional grammatical archaism; but when these forms are used by writers whose grammar is in all other respects normal, it seems probable that the inflectional waxen in quotations from older writers was mistaken for a verb synonymous but not identical with wax. It has been thought desirable to give here all the examples in our material, in order that their individual significance may be judged of by comparison. The 17th cent. quots. from H. More, which are added for completeness, are of course intentionally archaistic. ΘΠ the world > time > change > change [verb (intransitive)] > pass into state, become yworthOE worthOE goOE becomec1175 come?a1200 waxc1220 charea1225 aworthc1275 makea1300 fallc1300 breedc1325 grow1340 strikea1375 yern1377 entera1382 turna1400 smitec1400 raxa1500 resolvea1500 to get into ——?1510 waxen1540 get1558 prove1560 proceed1578 befall1592 drop1654 evade1677 emerge1699 to turn out1740 to gain into1756 permute1864 slip1864 1540 T. Cranmer Prol. or Pref. in Bible (Great) sig. ✠^v Anone..theyr consciences bene admonished, and they waxen sory & ashamed of the facte. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 4 And contrariewise, what thynges been moste honest the same weaxen also moste pleasaunt, yf a man haue been accustomed vnto theim. 1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello Tragicall Hist. Romeus & Iuliet f. 29^v The courage of the Mountagewes, by Romeus sight doth growe, The townes men waxen strong, the prince doth send his force. 1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis iii. f. 11 This Licabs chappes did waxen wide, his nosethrils waxed flat. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xiv. f. 177 I felt a hooked groyne Too wexen hard vppon my mouth. 1584 G. Peele Araygnem. Paris v. i. sig. Eiij^v Then first gan Cupids eysight wexen dim. 1590 W. Vallans Tale two Swannes (1744) p. ix As these Swannes began to waxen old. 1594 R. Barnfield Shepheard Content xxvii. sig. Fij When their fleeces gin to waxen rough. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 56 And then the whole Quire hould their hippes, and loffe, And waxen in their myrth. 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. A7 What man..Would woxen [1647 wexen] wroth. 1647 H. More Cupid's Confl. lxxv This is the measure of mans industry To wexen some body and getten grace To's outward presence. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † waxenv.² Etymology: < wax n.¹ + -en suffix⁵. Obsolete. rare. transitive. To cover or dress with wax. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with coating or covering materials > work with coating or covering materials [verb (transitive)] > wax waxa1380 cere1490 waxen1552 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Waxen, cæro, cero. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 24 Others [Nero] staked through..and waxened over their bodies, and so set them lighted up, as torches. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.¹c1000adj.²a1325v.¹1540v.²1552
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waxenadj.1

Compounds

† waxenadj.2

† waxenv.1

† waxenv.2

waxenadj.¹

† waxenadj.²

† waxenv.¹

† waxenv.²