viscosityn.

Brit.

/vɪˈskɒsᵻti/, U.S.

/vəˈskɑsədi/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s viscosite, 1500s viscositye, 1500s–1600s viscositie.

Etymology: < Old French viscosite (French viscosité ) or < medieval Latin viscōsitās , < Latin viscōsus viscous: see -ity suffix. So Italian viscosità, Spanish viscosidad, Portuguese -idade.

a. The quality or fact of being viscous; viscidity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun]

thicknessc1000

gleiminessa1398

gleimingness1398

glutinosityc1400

viscositya1425

threadinessc1425

gleimousnessc1440

clamminess1528

clammishness1528

yolkiness1528

toughness1574

viscousness1594

gumminess1600

gluishness1608

glueyness1611

viscidity1611

gummosity1651

tenaciousness1658

viscuousness1658

glutinousnessa1661

plasteriness1660

ropishness1662

snivelliness1662

ropiness1663

gummousness1666

stickiness1689

clam1694

viscidness1710

glairiness1866

treacliness1884

slabness1892

yuckiness1982

a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 65 Bole with his drynes and viscosite consumiþ þe moistenes.

?1527 Iudycyall of Vryns iii. vi. 50 b Suche maner of froth sheweth alway more viscosite..of humours in y^e body, than doyth ony other maner of froth.

1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. iv. 9 It taketh awaie the viscositie in the Stomacke, and openeth the powres.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 80 The Perch is..a little inferiour.., by reason of some viscosity in it.

1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 140 That liquor is very thin, and hath no viscosity to resist the pervading body.

1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica i. ix. 31 Rarity is nothing but a Privation of Density,..Friability of Viscosity.

1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady iii. iv. 304 The Phlegm in the Glands..is nothing but the Viscosity of the Serum of the Blood.

1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 190 To dissolve a general lentor and viscosity of the whole mass of fluids.

1821 W. P. C. Barton Flora N. Amer. (new ed.) I. 65 The extreme viscosity of its pubescence, has caused it to receive the specific name it bears.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 245 The resistances due to the viscosity of the blood in the arteries.

figurative.1662 M. W. Marriage Broaker v. i So I, by my viscosity, Labouring for life in love-lime [am] drown'd in Cupid's galli-pot.1902 Spectator 29 Nov. 825/1 Vehicular traffic..will..block itself from its inherent viscosity.attributive.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 461 The determination of the viscosity coefficient of the blood.

b. magnetic viscosity, tendency on the part of a magnetic medium to retard the magnetizing force.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > [noun] > magnetic field > lines of magnetic force > opposition to passage of

reluctance1888

reluctancy1888

magnetic viscosity1892

reluctivity1892

1892 Electr. Engineer 16 Sept. 287/1 Up to the frequency tried—i.e., about 125 per second—there is no sign of magnetic viscosity; the magnetic cycle is unaffected [etc.].

c. In scientific use, the tendency of a liquid or gas to resist by internal friction the relative motion of its molecules and hence any change of shape; the magnitude of this, as measured by the force per unit area resisting a flow in which parallel layers unit distance apart have unit speed relative to one another; also called absolute or dynamic viscosity; kinematic viscosity, the dynamic viscosity divided by the density of the fluid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun]

viscosity1866

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun] > kinematic

kinematic viscosity1866

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > specifically in scientific use

viscosity1866

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > kinematic viscosity

kinematic viscosity1866

1866 J. C. Maxwell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 156 249 The viscosity of a body is the resistance which it offers to a continuous change of form, depending on the rate at which that change is effected.

1866 J. C. Maxwell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 156 254 Suppose that this friction is equal to a tangential force f on every square foot, then f = μυ/a, where μ is the coefficient of viscosity, υ the velocity of the upper plane, and a the distance between them.

1880 Proc. London Math. Soc. 11 58 If ν be the kinematic viscosity.

1913 R. M. Deeley & P. H. Parr in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 26 87 It would be a distinct advantage to have a name for the unit of viscosity expressed in C.G.S. units, and we would suggest that the word Poise be used for this; for it is to Poiseuille that we owe the experimental demonstration that when a liquid flows through a capillary tube..at constant temperature, the viscosity is constant at all rates of shear, provided that the flow is not turbulent.

1921 A. W. Judge Automobile & Aircraft Engines viii. 309 The kinematical viscosity of air is thirteen times that of water.

1927 Schoder & Dawson Hydraulics xvi. 275 The unit of absolute viscosity is called a poise.

1943 R. C. Binder Fluid Mech. v. 50 Viscosity = shearing stress/rate of shearing strain. Sometimes the foregoing term is called absolute viscosity. Probably a better term would be dynamic viscosity.

1962 J. M. McKelvey Polymer Processing ii. 41 In general, liquid viscosities decrease and gas viscosities increase with increasing temperature.

1964 Sabersky & Acosta Fluid Flow i. 10 In the c.g.s. system,..the unit of absolute viscosity..is called a poise, and the unit of kinematic viscosity, 1 cm.²/sec., is called a stoke.

1979 C. A. Marchaj Aero-hydrodynam. of Sailing ii. 169 The kinematic viscosity of water..needed for Reynolds Number computation at the ‘normal’ temperature of 15°C is..1·23 × 10⁻⁵ ft²/sec.

2. A viscous substance; a collection of viscous matter. Cf. viscidity n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > viscous substance

paste1390

gummosityc1400

gleimc1440

glaira1529

viscosity1540

plaster1588

emplastic1597

batter1601

starcha1627

mucilage1639

viscus1643

grume1718

syrup1838

sticky1851

goo1903

gloop1927

goop1930

glop1945

ick1947

gunge1969

1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xviii^v Lynesede oyle, or oyle of fenegreke, or the viscosite of holyoke & such other.

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 27 b/2 When the stomacke is burthened with anye cruditye of vndigested meat or drincke, or with anye other viscositye whatsoever.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 80 As is observable in drops of syrup, oyle and seminall viscosities .

1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 143 It openeth obstructions, and purgeth viscosities of the stomack and bowells.

1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 297 These Viscosities depend on Heat.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 493 The sand..has, by the means of a calcareous viscosity infiltrated by the sea, become so hard, as to become stone.

Compounds

viscosity index n. a number expressing the degree to which the viscosity of an oil is unaffected by temperature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun] > of an oil

viscosity index1929

1929 Dean & Davis in Chem. & Metallurgical Engin. XXXVI. 618/1 This system of classification permits expressing the viscosity-temperature coefficient of an oil as a simple function of its Saybolt Universal viscosities at 100 and 210 deg. F. This function, hereafter referred to as the ‘viscosity index’, is independent of the actual viscosity of the oil.

1977 Lubricants Business (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 3 These [additives] are chemical compounds which supplement the properties of the mineral base oil; for example, to reduce wear of moving parts..and to improve viscosity index.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	viscosity
释义	viscosityn. Brit. /vɪˈskɒsᵻti/, U.S. /vəˈskɑsədi/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s viscosite, 1500s viscositye, 1500s–1600s viscositie. Etymology: < Old French viscosite (French viscosité ) or < medieval Latin viscōsitās , < Latin viscōsus viscous: see -ity suffix. So Italian viscosità, Spanish viscosidad, Portuguese -idade. 1. a. The quality or fact of being viscous; viscidity. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] thicknessc1000 gleiminessa1398 gleimingness1398 glutinosityc1400 viscositya1425 threadinessc1425 gleimousnessc1440 clamminess1528 clammishness1528 yolkiness1528 toughness1574 viscousness1594 gumminess1600 gluishness1608 glueyness1611 viscidity1611 gummosity1651 tenaciousness1658 viscuousness1658 glutinousnessa1661 plasteriness1660 ropishness1662 snivelliness1662 ropiness1663 gummousness1666 stickiness1689 clam1694 viscidness1710 glairiness1866 treacliness1884 slabness1892 yuckiness1982 a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 65 Bole with his drynes and viscosite consumiþ þe moistenes. ?1527 Iudycyall of Vryns iii. vi. 50 b Suche maner of froth sheweth alway more viscosite..of humours in y^e body, than doyth ony other maner of froth. 1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. iv. 9 It taketh awaie the viscositie in the Stomacke, and openeth the powres. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 80 The Perch is..a little inferiour.., by reason of some viscosity in it. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 140 That liquor is very thin, and hath no viscosity to resist the pervading body. 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica i. ix. 31 Rarity is nothing but a Privation of Density,..Friability of Viscosity. 1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady iii. iv. 304 The Phlegm in the Glands..is nothing but the Viscosity of the Serum of the Blood. 1771 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) I. 190 To dissolve a general lentor and viscosity of the whole mass of fluids. 1821 W. P. C. Barton Flora N. Amer. (new ed.) I. 65 The extreme viscosity of its pubescence, has caused it to receive the specific name it bears. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 245 The resistances due to the viscosity of the blood in the arteries. figurative.1662 M. W. Marriage Broaker v. i So I, by my viscosity, Labouring for life in love-lime [am] drown'd in Cupid's galli-pot.1902 Spectator 29 Nov. 825/1 Vehicular traffic..will..block itself from its inherent viscosity.attributive.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 461 The determination of the viscosity coefficient of the blood. b. magnetic viscosity, tendency on the part of a magnetic medium to retard the magnetizing force. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > [noun] > magnetic field > lines of magnetic force > opposition to passage of reluctance1888 reluctancy1888 magnetic viscosity1892 reluctivity1892 1892 Electr. Engineer 16 Sept. 287/1 Up to the frequency tried—i.e., about 125 per second—there is no sign of magnetic viscosity; the magnetic cycle is unaffected [etc.]. c. In scientific use, the tendency of a liquid or gas to resist by internal friction the relative motion of its molecules and hence any change of shape; the magnitude of this, as measured by the force per unit area resisting a flow in which parallel layers unit distance apart have unit speed relative to one another; also called absolute or dynamic viscosity; kinematic viscosity, the dynamic viscosity divided by the density of the fluid. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun] viscosity1866 the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun] > kinematic kinematic viscosity1866 the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > specifically in scientific use viscosity1866 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > kinematic viscosity kinematic viscosity1866 1866 J. C. Maxwell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 156 249 The viscosity of a body is the resistance which it offers to a continuous change of form, depending on the rate at which that change is effected. 1866 J. C. Maxwell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 156 254 Suppose that this friction is equal to a tangential force f on every square foot, then f = μυ/a, where μ is the coefficient of viscosity, υ the velocity of the upper plane, and a the distance between them. 1880 Proc. London Math. Soc. 11 58 If ν be the kinematic viscosity. 1913 R. M. Deeley & P. H. Parr in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 26 87 It would be a distinct advantage to have a name for the unit of viscosity expressed in C.G.S. units, and we would suggest that the word Poise be used for this; for it is to Poiseuille that we owe the experimental demonstration that when a liquid flows through a capillary tube..at constant temperature, the viscosity is constant at all rates of shear, provided that the flow is not turbulent. 1921 A. W. Judge Automobile & Aircraft Engines viii. 309 The kinematical viscosity of air is thirteen times that of water. 1927 Schoder & Dawson Hydraulics xvi. 275 The unit of absolute viscosity is called a poise. 1943 R. C. Binder Fluid Mech. v. 50 Viscosity = shearing stress/rate of shearing strain. Sometimes the foregoing term is called absolute viscosity. Probably a better term would be dynamic viscosity. 1962 J. M. McKelvey Polymer Processing ii. 41 In general, liquid viscosities decrease and gas viscosities increase with increasing temperature. 1964 Sabersky & Acosta Fluid Flow i. 10 In the c.g.s. system,..the unit of absolute viscosity..is called a poise, and the unit of kinematic viscosity, 1 cm.²/sec., is called a stoke. 1979 C. A. Marchaj Aero-hydrodynam. of Sailing ii. 169 The kinematic viscosity of water..needed for Reynolds Number computation at the ‘normal’ temperature of 15°C is..1·23 × 10⁻⁵ ft²/sec. 2. A viscous substance; a collection of viscous matter. Cf. viscidity n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > viscous substance paste1390 gummosityc1400 gleimc1440 glaira1529 viscosity1540 plaster1588 emplastic1597 batter1601 starcha1627 mucilage1639 viscus1643 grume1718 syrup1838 sticky1851 goo1903 gloop1927 goop1930 glop1945 ick1947 gunge1969 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xviii^v Lynesede oyle, or oyle of fenegreke, or the viscosite of holyoke & such other. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 27 b/2 When the stomacke is burthened with anye cruditye of vndigested meat or drincke, or with anye other viscositye whatsoever. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 80 As is observable in drops of syrup, oyle and seminall viscosities . View more context for this quotation 1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 143 It openeth obstructions, and purgeth viscosities of the stomack and bowells. 1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 297 These Viscosities depend on Heat. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 493 The sand..has, by the means of a calcareous viscosity infiltrated by the sea, become so hard, as to become stone. Compounds viscosity index n. a number expressing the degree to which the viscosity of an oil is unaffected by temperature. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > viscosity > [noun] > of an oil viscosity index1929 1929 Dean & Davis in Chem. & Metallurgical Engin. XXXVI. 618/1 This system of classification permits expressing the viscosity-temperature coefficient of an oil as a simple function of its Saybolt Universal viscosities at 100 and 210 deg. F. This function, hereafter referred to as the ‘viscosity index’, is independent of the actual viscosity of the oil. 1977 Lubricants Business (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 3 These [additives] are chemical compounds which supplement the properties of the mineral base oil; for example, to reduce wear of moving parts..and to improve viscosity index. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1425
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