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单词 virtuoso
释义

virtuoson.adj.

Brit. /ˌvəːtʃʊˈəʊzəʊ/, /ˌvəːtʃʊˈəʊsəʊ/, /ˌvəːtjʊˈəʊzəʊ/, /ˌvəːtjʊˈəʊsəʊ/, U.S. /ˌvərtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/, /ˌvərtʃuˈoʊzoʊ/
Inflections: Plural virtuosos, virtuosi.
Forms:

α. 1600s uirtuoso, 1600s– virtuoso, 1800s– virtuosa (rare).

β. 1600s vertuosa (rare), 1600s vertuosie (plural), 1600s–1800s vertuoso.

Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian virtuoso.
Etymology: < Italian virtuoso, †vertuoso (noun) person who demonstrates special skill, knowledge, or accomplishment in the arts, sciences, or fine arts (1525; second half of the 16th cent. denoting a highly skilled musician; 1615 (in the passage translated in quot. 1656 at sense A. 1a) or earlier denoting a scholar), specific sense development (after the similar semantic development of virtù virtu n.) of virtuoso, †vertuoso virtuous person (14th cent.: see virtuous adj.). Compare French †virtuoso , noun (attested from 1654 to 1755, superseded by virtuose virtuose n.; < Italian).In plural form virtuosi after the Italian plural form. The forms virtuosa, vertuosa, denoting a man (compare e.g. quot. c1660 at sense A. 1b), show confusion within English of the final vowels o and a of Italian virtuoso (masculine noun) and virtuosa (feminine noun; compare virtuosa n.); compare discussion at -o suffix.
A. n.
1.
a. A learned person; a scholar; esp. a scientist, a natural philosopher. Also: spec. a member of the Royal Society. Obsolete.Sometimes implying only superficial interest or knowledge; cf. sense A. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun]
uþwitec888
larewc900
learnerc900
witec900
wise manOE
leredc1154
masterc1225
readera1387
artificer1449
man of science1482
rabbi1527
rabbin1531
worthy1567
artsmanc1574
philologer1588
artist1592
virtuoso1613
sophist1614
fulla1616
scholastica1633
philologist1638
gnostic1641
scholarian1647
pundit1661
scientman1661
savant1719
ollamh1723
maulvi1776
pandect1791
Sabora1797
erudit1800
mallam1829
Gelehrter1836
erudite1865
walking encyclopaedia1868
Einstein1942
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun] > collectively
lettereda1382
learneda1568
virtuoso1613
literati1620
educated1672
clerisya1834
1613 G. Chapman Reuenge Bussy D'Ambois sig. D2v These virtuosi are the poorest creatures... Make arguments of right, and comfort..That clothe them like the poore web of a Spinner.
1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. v. 8 The gallant Dispute which arose..between some Letterati of the State, deserves to be written; every one of these Vertuosie [It. virtuosi] defended their own Opinion as the best.
1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 60 Those plodding Vertuoso's that plunder the most inward recesses of Nature, for the pillage of a new Invention.
1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 852 He was afterwards an eminent Physician, Vertuoso, and Knight.
1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland xii. 69 That new Hypothesis so stiffly maintained by some of our learned Virtuosi.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. xiv. 104 Certain particularities discovered in that animal by a modern Virtuoso.
1739 Dublin Soc. Weekly Observ. 28 June 172 Some Virtuosi tell you that continued Fermentation and repeated racking certainly spoil your Cyder.
1834 R. Southey Doctor I. 79 There were in him undeveloped talents which might have raised him to distinction as..a virtuoso of the Royal Society.
1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! II. viii. 224 Philip Sidney..has given up his rightful place toward the head of the table that he may have a knot of virtuosi all to himself.
b. A person who has a special interest in, or taste for, the fine arts; a student or collector of antiques, natural curiosities, rarities, etc.; a connoisseur; esp. one who pursues such interests in the manner of a dabbler or dilettante. Cf. virtu n. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [noun] > love or study of the arts > student or lover of the arts
virtuosoa1650
virtuosea1721
dilettante1733
man of virtu1749
conoscente1766
cognoscente1777
art-lover1847
dilettant1875
a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 45 A great Liefhebber (Virtuoso or Lover of Art).
c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 114 One of the greatest Vertuosas in France for his Collection of Pictures, Achates, Medaills, & Flowers.
1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura iii. 34 The Greeks and inventive Romans, who..publish'd so many thousands of medails, and coynes as are in the hands and collections of the Virtuosi.
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. iii. i. 157 A Worse thing than this happens commonly to these inferior Virtuosi. In seeking so earnestly for Raritys, they fall in love with Rarity, for Rareness-sake.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. x. 224 A great Number of Nicknacks and Curiosities, which might have engaged the Attention of a Virtuoso . View more context for this quotation
1825 Gentleman's Mag. 95 i. 332 The Virtuoso will appreciate justly this small volume as a very instructive and agreeable manual.
1876 J. Morley Crit. Misc. (1877) 1st Ser. 349 For intellectual dilettanti and moralising virtuosi.
1885 J. Payn Talk of Town I. 183 What was the position of the man who had in his cupboard some unique pieces of china?.. He was a virtuoso and antiquary himself, and therefore recognised the full extent of his danger.
1915 ‘F. Danby’ Nelson's Legacy viii. 159 A man..bound to him in almost fraternal ties by identity of tastes and equal zest as virtuoso and connoisseur.
2005 J. H. Cartwright & B. Baker Lit. & Sci. iii. 79 The virtuosi were..essentially enthusiastic dilettantes who tended to collect and hoard curiosities indiscriminately.
2.
a. A person who demonstrates special skill, knowledge, or accomplishment in a particular sphere; an expert or master. Now often as an extended use of sense A. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skilful person > exceptionally skilled person
wizard1620
virtuoso1682
jumbo1823
ace1840
crackerjack1895
mivvy1906
whizz1914
whizzo1977
1682 T. Hoy in tr. Ovid Two Ess. Pref. sig. A2v The extraordinary Conduct and refined Conversation of our new Virtuosi in Love.
1733 Gentleman's Mag. June 283/1 Some Legerdemain Patron, who might be a great Virtuoso at Cups and Balls.
1757 London Chron. 8 Jan. 40/1 They had observed with how great Success our Virtuosi in Fruits and Vegetables had heightened the Flavor and improved the Taste of our native Productions.
1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott IV. v. 161 Excellent dishes,—such..as Scotland borrowed from France before Catherine de Medicis brought in her Italian virtuosi to revolutionize the kitchen like the court.
1897 Photogr. Times July 334/1 A virtuoso in flour knows samples grown in different countries by their feel—a virtuoso in wine knows a glass of port taken from near the bottom from one taken from the top of a bottle.
1952 A. Huxley Let. c20 July (1969) 647 A man who is probably the greatest living virtuoso in the field of hypnosis.
1989 Literary Rev. Aug. 26/1 He was a virtuoso at being taken care of.
2000 S. M. Pollan & M. Levine Die Broke Financial Prob. Solver (2001) i. 8 Forget about becoming a financial expert, a marketing virtuoso, or a management guru.
b. A musician, or other artist or performer, who is highly accomplished, esp. one who exhibits exceptional technical skill. Now the usual sense. Occasionally with negative connotations of the pursuit of technique at the expense of emotional depth or creativity.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > skilled
artist1590
virtuoso1714
virtuosa1754
1714 J. Addison Spectator No. 570. 76 The Tobacco-Pipes became Musical Pipes in the Hands of our Virtuoso.
1764 in Notes & Queries (1863) 3rd Ser. 4 386 The late famous Vertuoso Handel, received during his Life-time, such particular protection.
1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 222 All these virtuosi..were either contraltos of the softest note, or sopranos of the highest squeakery.
1895 Harper's New Monthly Mag. Oct. 719 A poet may be a literary virtuoso of incomparable technic.
1911 Nation 26 Oct. 402/3 Had Liszt in his compositions been merely a virtuoso, a brilliant technician, as his enemies asserted many thousands of times, he would now be a mere memory.
1950 E. H. Gombrich Story of Art xviii. 268 For him to be an artist was no longer to be a respectable and sedate owner of a workshop: it was to be a ‘virtuoso’ for whose favour princes and cardinals should compete.
2006 V. Lederer Chopin ix. 99 Technically difficult, it [sc. Chopin's B minor Scherzo] can be thrilling in the hands of a virtuoso.
B. adj. (originally and chiefly attributive).
1. Relating to or characteristic of taste for or interest in the fine arts, esp. as pursued in the manner of a dabbler or dilettante; designating a connoisseur or virtuoso (sense A. 1b). Formerly also: learned, scholarly; cf. sense A. 1a (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > [adjective]
yleredc897
keena1000
wisec1000
leredc1154
wittya1225
cunningc1325
taughta1382
clergialc1386
wittilyc1400
philosophicala1425
erudite?a1475
clergyable1488
informeda1500
studieda1513
estudied1550
learned1556
well-read?1576
scholarly1583
scholarlike1588
well-digested1602
literated1611
artificial1618
scienced1636
clerk-like1638
scollardicall1654
philosophic1665
virtuosoa1667
virtuousa1680
doct1694
blue-stockinged1791
bluestocking1793
scholared1830
eruditical1832
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > superficial knowledge > [adjective] > characteristic of a dilettante
virtuosoa1667
dilettante1753
dabbling1816
dilettant1851
dilettantist1859
dilettantish1872
dilettanting1890
society > leisure > the arts > the arts in general > [adjective] > art loving
virtuosoa1667
dilettante1753
art-loving1820
dilettant1851
dilettantist1859
dilettantish1872
dilettanting1890
a1667 A. Cowley tr. Horace in Verses Several Occasions 130 in Wks. (1668) As if thou No other use of precious Gold didst know, But that of curious Pictures to delight With the fair stamp thy Virtuoso sight.
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. iii. i. 157 In Philosophy, Matters answer exactly to this Virtuoso-Scheme.
1777 S. J. Pratt Liberal Opinions V. civ. 72 I would peep into the..opinions of men, with a sort of virtuoso vigilance.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. ix. 93 Near these is a virtuoso collection of cups grouped in a tumulus or cairn.
1860 All Year Round 13 Oct. 24/2 The dark eyes lighten—he is virtuoso himself—and yonder, in those inner chambers, keeps an unique collection of gems and marbles.
1881 E. C. G. Murray Sidelights Eng. Society II. 147 The Earl of Doubleday is one of the most virtuoso creatures alive. He has a picture-gallery, which would be the pride of a public museum.
1949 Huntington Libr. Q. 12 158 Pope's standing as a virtuoso collector in the last years of his life is strongly suggested by the tone of his correspondence... He writes as an amateur.
1997 Ashmolean No. 33. 12/2 Horace Walpole,..whose ‘Gothick’ house at Strawberry Hill contained the most celebrated of all virtuoso collections.
2.
a. Of a musical composition, performance, etc.: characterized by or requiring great accomplishment or skill; technically brilliant or difficult. Also in extended use.See note at sense A. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > very or highly skilled
finea1350
exquisite1530
well-skilled1533
virtuoso1842
1842 Musical Mag. 24 Apr. 377 We will have also music, but only the best of all kinds and times, and not mere virtuoso compositions.
1870 Dwight's Jrnl. Music 23 Apr. 230/3 Let us make haste to recognize..the rare excellence of the Thomas Orchestra..—for as to Jullien's, that was virtuoso altogether, and ran away with people's senses.
1885 Monthly Musical Rec. Mar. 56/1 A very weak composition, rendered in a very virtuoso style.
1947 A. Einstein Music Romantic Era xi. 225 These compositions are intimate confessions, often difficult but never virtuoso.
1952 S. Kauffmann Tightrope v. 82 ‘Look,’ he said, staring intently into her eyes, giving a virtuoso performance of sincerity, ‘I can't say all this makes me happy.’
2006 Daily Tel. 7 Dec. 26/6 Their tumultuously virtuoso homages to Mozart.
b. Of a musician or other artist or performer: highly accomplished, technically skilled. Also: characteristic of such a person. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > [adjective] > skilfully
musicala1500
virtuoso1853
virtuose1873
1853 N.-Y. Daily Times 2 Feb. 4/5 It is necessary then for one to be a veritable virtuoso pianist, to draw to himself in these days the attention of a public like that of Paris.
1882 A. Edwardes Ballroom Repent. I. 52 With her Stradivarius tucked, in true virtuoso style, under her chin.
1904 Musical Times 45 93/1 He was a virtuoso pianist, having made his appearance as a wonder-child at the age of six.
1967 D. L. Thomas Plungers & Peacocks v. 95 The virtuoso financiers frequently possessed idiosyncrasies that were part and parcel of their intuitive genius.
1975 A. Croce in R. Copeland & M. Cohen What is Dance? (1983) vi. 463 In the Sanguinic variation, for a virtuoso ballerina and her partner, the vista is wide, the ozone pure and stinging.
2011 New Yorker 19 Dec. 86/2 A trio of virtuoso female singers.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.adj.1613
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