Virginian.
/vəˈdʒɪnɪə/, U.S. /vərˈdʒɪnjə/With the various applications of the word cf. those of Virginian adj.1
1. The name of that part of North America in which the first English settlement was made in 1607, subsequently one of the original thirteen States of the North American Union, used attributively in Virginia colony, Virginia company, Virginia landscape, Virginia trade, etc.
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the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > specific states or regions > Virginia
Virginia1609
Virginian1612
1609 in J. Smith Wks. (Arb.) p. xcviii I am bold to write the truth of some late accidentes, be falne his Maiesties Virginia collonye.
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia v. 177 It came to be apprehended by some of the Virginia Company.
1773 in Further Evid. Nairne Peerage (1874) 170 in Sessional Papers House of Lords (H.L. D) XII. 199 Copertners in a Virginia trade carryed on by them under the firm of Oswald Dennistoun and Company.
1782 New Ann. Reg. 1781 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 47/1 The Virginia militia gave the British troops a warm reception.
1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxix [They] joyfully unloaded their Virginia goods, and replaced them with powder and shot.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 256/2 The most striking feature of thousands of square miles of Virginia landscape.
2. elliptical. A variety of tobacco grown and manufactured in Virginia. Hence, a cigarette made of Virginia tobacco. Cf. virgin n. 11. Also attributive.
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the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [noun] > of type from specific area
Trinidado1599
Verinas1624
Virginia1624
Orinoco1660
merry land1688
Virginia tobacco1700
Varinas1747
Latakia1833
tumbak1836
Shiraz1840
mahorka1857
Turkish1859
perique1865
Sobranie1899
torori1905
Yenidje1954
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding drug or narcotic > [noun] > tobacco-plant > varieties of
Virginia1624
poke1634
Virginia tobacco1700
Sumatra1840
Maryland1867
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigarette > other types of cigarette
Russian cigarette1851
papirosa1856
Egyptian1892
Russian1892
tickler1904
joystick1911
gyppy1920
king-size1920
Sobranie1923
virgin1923
Turk1926
roll-your-own1932
ready roll1949
roll-up1950
filter1956
filterless1956
rollie1964
Virginia1964
untipped1968
primo1986
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iv. 126 There are so many sofisticating Tobaco-mungers in England, were it neuer so bad, they would sell it for Verinas, and the trash that remaineth should be Virginia.
1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 47 My bare purse will reach no higher then to Democraticall Virginia, which many times tasts like some Levellers old leathern linings.
1681 Heraclitus Ridens 22 Mar. 2/2 The Reforming Troops..offering the incense of Virginia, and the drink-offering of the Bottle to their Idol of the Long-sword.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 329. ¶6 He bid him stop by the way at any good Tobacconist's, and take in a Roll of their best Virginia.
1803 A. Boswell Spirit of Tintoc xix He's ta'en his spleuchan frae his breeks For a quid o' the right Virginia.
a1864 N. Hawthorne Septimius Felton (1872) 107 A..German pipe..puffed out volumes of smoke, filling the pleasant western breeze with the fragrance of some excellent Virginia.
1964 O. E. Middleton in C. K. Stead N.Z. Short Stories (1966) 2nd Ser. 205 Now we can enjoy another of Blackie's virginias.
1971 R. Dentry Encounter at Kharmel ix. 171 Do you mind if I smoke my Virginias?
3. Astronomy. One of the minor planets.
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the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > minor planet or asteroid > [noun] > specific
Vesta1807
Juno1834
Victoria1851
psyche1852
Urania1855
iris1858
Sappho1864
Clio1867
Euterpe1867
Virginia1868
Eros1900
Trojan1918
Amor1932
1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. 328 Minor Planets [include]..48. Doris. 49. Pales. 50. Virginia.
1875 Encycl. Brit. II. 807/2 Virginia [discovered] 1857, October 4 [by] Ferguson [at] Washington.
Compounds
C1.
a. In names of plants and trees.Also Virginia snake-root, Virginia spiderwort, Virginia stock, Virginia witch-hazel: see the nouns.
Virginia cedar n.
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1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Juniperus The three Sorts of Virginia Cedars..afford excellent Timber for many Uses.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 258/2 The principal timber trees..are..yellow or pitch pine; red or Virginia cedar.
Virginia corn n.
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1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iv. 140 Whatsoeuer is said against the Virginia Corne, they finde it doth better nourish than any prouision is sent thither.
Virginia ivy n.
Virginia ivy n.
Virginia pea n.
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1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia ii. 13 in J. Smith Map of Virginia We daily feasted with good bread, Virginia pease, pumpions, and putchamins.
Virginia rose n.
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1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden 333 Some have called the yellow Lupine Spanish Violets,..and..Virginia Roses.
Virginia sumac n.
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1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 611 Rhus Virginiana. The Virginia Sumach, or Buckes horne tree of Virginia.
Virginia tobacco n.
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1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Virginia-Tobacco, the Tobacco-Plant growing in those Parts.
1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 115 Sow..cape-marigold, yellow sultan, Virginia tobacco, &c.
Virginia wheat n.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > maize > maize plants
maizea1544
Indian wheat1578
Guinea wheat1598
corn1608
sweet corn1646
Virginia wheat1651
soft corn1751
zea1760
popcorn1838
pod corn1884
pod maize1904
1651 R. Child Large Let. in S. Hartlib Legacie 46 The hill where their Corne is planted, called Virginia-Wheate.
1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 978 English Wheat (as they call it, to distinguish it from Maze, commonly called Virginia Wheat).
b.
Virginia bluebell n. = Virginia cowslip n.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > North American
innocent1600
lychnidea1733
swamp lily1737
atamasco lily1743
phlox1754
lychnis1760
painted cup1776
mountain pink1818
phacelia1818
innocence1821
Nemophila1822
clarkia1827
Physostegia1830
bitter root1838
standing cypress1841
false mermaid1845
lion's heart1845
shooting star1856
lewisia1863
satin flower1871
fame-flower1879
baby blue-eyes1887
mayflower1892
agastache1900
obedient plant1900
Pennsylvania anemone1900
rock rose1906
Virginia bluebell1934
parsley1936
poached egg flower1963
poached eggs1971
poached egg plant1977
1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Virginia bluebell.
1939 National Geographic Mag. Aug. 236/2 The pale-blue flowers and rosy-pink buds of the Virginia bluebells..are clustered on slender branches.
1978 Detroit Free Press 16 Apr. (Gardening Guide) 12/2 Virginia bluebells..can be purchased from special wild~flower nurseries.
Virginia cowslip n. a perennial herb, Mertensia virginica, of the family Boraginaceæ, native to eastern North America and bearing clusters of blue flowers; cf. Virginian cowslip n. at cowslip n. 2.
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1826 W. Darlington Florula Cestrica 23 Pulmonaria..virginica..Virginian Cowslip.]
1901 N. L. Britton Man. Flora Northern States & Canada 771 Virginia cowslip... In low meadows and along streams.
1944 G. L. Nute Lake Superior 293 By July 1 the Virginia cowslips are coming into bloom.
1968 R. T. Peterson & M. McKenny Field Guide Wildflowers Northeastern & North-central N. Amer. 322 Virginia cowslip... The nodding, trumpetlike flowers are pink in bud.
Virginia creeper n. Ampelopsis hederacea and quinquefolia, common climbing plants of the family Vitaceæ.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > North American
woodbine1624
Virginia vine1629
staff-tree1633
Virginia creeper?1703
climbing vine1760
mayflower1778
pepper vine1783
arbutus1785
trailing arbutus1785
pipe vine1803
Ampelopsis1805
ground-laurel1814
waxwork1818
ivory plum1828
fever twig1830
yerba buena1847
mountain pink1850
New England mayflower1855
creeping snowberry1856
Virginian creeper1856
May blossom1871
sand verbena1880
staff-vine1884
?1703 J. Petiver Gazophylacii II. 22 This adheres to Trees by its hoary fibres, as our Virginia Creeper does to Walls by its tendrels.
1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 153 Train and nail climbers—to walls, &c. as virgin's bower, passion flower, Virginia creeper, &c.
1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §452 The species of Ampelopsis known as ‘Virginia Creepers’ exhibit some interesting phænomena.
1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood ii. 4 The Virginia creeper on the cathedral wall has showered half its deep-red leaves down on the pavement.
Virginia vine n. (see quots.).
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > North American
woodbine1624
Virginia vine1629
staff-tree1633
Virginia creeper?1703
climbing vine1760
mayflower1778
pepper vine1783
arbutus1785
trailing arbutus1785
pipe vine1803
Ampelopsis1805
ground-laurel1814
waxwork1818
ivory plum1828
fever twig1830
yerba buena1847
mountain pink1850
New England mayflower1855
creeping snowberry1856
Virginian creeper1856
May blossom1871
sand verbena1880
staff-vine1884
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 564 The Virginia Vine..beareth small Grapes without any great store of iuice therein.
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 612 This slender, but tall climing Virginia Vine (as it was first called; but Iuie, as it doth better resemble).
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 612 Vitis, seu potius Hedera Virginensis, the Virginia Vine, or rather Iuie.
C2. In names of birds, insects, etc.
a.
Virginia bat n.
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1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 991 The Night Raven, which some call the Virginia Bat, is about the bigness of a Cuckow.
Virginia chafer n.
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1704 J. Petiver Gazophylacii III. 42 Marshal's Virginia Chaffer.
Virginia didapper n.
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1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 997 Teale, Wigeon,..Virginia-Didapers.
Virginia frog n.
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1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Virginia-Frog, a kind of Frog, that..makes a noise like the bellowing of a Bull.
Virginia goatsucker n.
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1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. 595 Virginia Goatsucker..inhabits Virginia in summer; arrives there towards the middle of April.
Virginia partridge n.
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1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. 777 Tetrao Virginianus, Virginia Partridge, smaller than the Common Partridge.
Virginia rail n. (cf. rail n.3).
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1828 C. L. Bonaparte Genera N. Amer. Birds 334 The Virginia Rail..inhabits throughout North America.
1914 Chambers's Jrnl. July 439/1 The Virginia rail..is rare.
1945 Bull. Mass. Audubon Soc. Mar. 63 At the Sanctuary on this date we might get the Virginia Rail.
Virginia red-bird n.
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1808 A. Wilson Amer. Ornithol. (1831) II. 276 They are generally known by the names red-bird, Virginia red-bird,..and crested red-bird.
Virginia snap-beetle n.
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1702 J. Petiver Gazophylacii I. 16 The Velvet-eyed Virginia Snap-Beetle.
Virginia squirrel n.
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1609 in J. Smith Wks. (Arb.) p. c I tould him of the Virginia squirills which they say will fly.
b.
Virginia nightingale n. the cardinal grosbeak.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > [noun] > family Emberizidae > subfamily Cardinalinae > genus Cardinalis
red-bird1649
Virginian nightingale1668
hawfinch1673
nutcracker1688
Virginia nightingale1694
cardinal1702
cardinal grosbeak1783
scarlet grosbeak1837
winter redbird1868
1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 995 Of Virginia Nightingale, or red Bird, there are two sorts.
1695 London Gaz. No. 3108/4 A Parcel of choice Virginia Nightingales, with choice Mock-Birds,..are to be sold by Tho. Bland.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Virginia-Nightingale, a Bird of a pure scarlet Colour, with a tuft on the Head.
1731 E. Albin Nat. Hist. Birds I. Pl. 57 The Red Grosbeak, or Virginia Nightingale... Some call it the Virginia Nightingale, and in Virginia, &c. they call it the Red-bird, but more properly the Red Grosbeak.
1808 A. Wilson Amer. Ornithol. (1831) II. 273 Numbers..having been carried over both to France and England, in which last country they are usually called Virginia nightingales.
C3. Miscellaneous combinations.
a.
Virginia cigarette n.
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1919 Honey Pot 1 i. Advt. facing p. 1 The best Virginia cigarette I have ever smoked.
Virginia ham n.
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1833 J. Neal Down-easters i. 47 I should like to know..what upon irth he means by..mud-larks that's made into Virginny-ham.
1908 G. H. Lorimer Jack Spurlock ix. 207 First there was a chicken gumbo soup, and then cold boiled Virginia ham.
1976Virginia ham [see Virginia tobacco n.]. Virginia tobacco n. (cf. 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [noun] > of type from specific area
Trinidado1599
Verinas1624
Virginia1624
Orinoco1660
merry land1688
Virginia tobacco1700
Varinas1747
Latakia1833
tumbak1836
Shiraz1840
mahorka1857
Turkish1859
perique1865
Sobranie1899
torori1905
Yenidje1954
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding drug or narcotic > [noun] > tobacco-plant > varieties of
Virginia1624
poke1634
Virginia tobacco1700
Sumatra1840
Maryland1867
1700 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana (ed. 2) i. i. 15/1 If you steep good Virginia Tobacco in the Water,..it will be much more effectual.
1747 W. Douglas Brit. Settlem. N. Amer. (1760) I. 116 Virginia tobacco, and Brazil, and Varinas tobacco, differ upon this account.
1976 Times 3 Jan. 11/6 Smells of herbs and Virginia tobacco fill the air..the menu offered..Virginia ham steak from Surrey County.
b.
Virginia fence n. a rail fence made in a zig-zag manner; to make a Virginia fence (see quot. 1861).
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the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > walk, tread, or step [verb (intransitive)] > unsteadily
wiggle?c1225
walter1399
falterc1400
stammerc1400
dotterc1475
stavera1500
stumblea1500
reel1529
scamblec1571
halper1596
totter1602
folder1607
wamble1611
to make a Virginia fence1671
wandle1686
fribble1709
rock1718
stoit1719
stoiter1724
swagger1724
doddle1761
stotter1781
toit1786
doiter1793
stot1801
dodder1819
twaddle1823
teeter1844
shoggle1884
welter1884
warple1887
whemmel1895
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > hedge or fence > a fence > zig-zag fence
Virginia fence1671
worm-fence1724
snake-fence1805
1671 Portsmouth (Rhode Island) Rec. 26 Apr. For a ffence called a Virginia ffence, It is ordered that it shall be fower foot and a halfe high, stakt with stakes halfe a foot above the fence.
1737 B. Franklin Drinkers Dict. in Pennsylvania Gaz. 6–13 Jan. 2/1 He [being drunk] makes Virginia Fence.
1789 T. Anburey Trav. Interior Parts Amer. II. 324 The New Englanders have a saying when a man is in liquor, he is making Virginia fences.
1826 T. Flint Recoll. Last Ten Years 206 The universal fence split rails, laid in a worm trail, or what is known in the North by the name of Virginia fence.
1844 P. H. Gosse in Zoologist 2 708 The fences, which are almost wholly made of rails set up in the zig-zag fashion so general in the north, commonly called a Virginia fence.
1861 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. in Poet. Wks. (1912) Introd., 285 ‘Virginia fence, to make a:’ to walk like a drunken man.
Virginia reel n. an American country-dance supposed to be derived from the English Sir Roger de Coverley.
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society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > country-dance or dancing > [noun] > specific country-dances > American
Virginia reel1859
running set1918
1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) 497 Virginia reel, the common name throughout the United States for the old English ‘country-danse’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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