单词 | vibration |
释义 | vibrationn.ΚΠ 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Vibration, a brandishing, shaking, or wagging, as men do drawn swords, when they threaten others. 2. a. The action on the part of a pendulum or similarly suspended body of moving or swinging to and fro; oscillation. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > swinging or oscillation of suspended body babbling1440 swing1589 vibration1668 swinging1669 vibrating1743 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 191 The most probable way for the effecting of this, is that which was first suggested by Doctor Christopher Wren, namely, by Vibration of a Pendulum. 1700 Moxon's Math. made Easie (ed. 3) 177 Vibration, the Motion of a Pendulum in a Clock, which moves in the long sort a Secant in Time backward and forward. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Vibration, is the Swing or Motion of a Pendulum; or of a Weight hung by a String on a Pin. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 119/2 Whence the lengths of pendulums are as the forces and the squares of the times of vibration. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art I. 80 The vibration of bodies when suspended must have been long observed. 1830 H. Kater & D. Lardner Treat. Mechanics x. 129 When the alternation [of motion] is constant and regular, it is called oscillation or vibration, as in pendulums and balance-wheels. 1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 14/2 The time of vibration depends entirely on the length of the pendulum. b. A single instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > swinging or oscillation of suspended body > a single movement of vibration1667 swing-swanga1703 pendulum swing1876 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 442 The Pendulum was this Day adjusted,..there having been but 58 vibrations in a Minute, the other Day. 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 191 Let this Ball be suspended by this String, being extended to such a length, that the space of every Vibration may be equal to a second Minute of time. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) The Proportions of the Vibrations of Pendulums. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 118/1 The point or axis of suspension of a pendulum is that point about which it performs its vibrations. 1803 Imison's Elements Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 124 Each swing that it [i.e. a pendulum] makes, is called a vibration, or oscillation. 1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. 123 The time of one vibration of the pendulum in seconds. 1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. 123 The times of the vibrations of pendulums are as the square roots of their lengths. 1895 R. H. Pinkerton Theoret. Mech. (ed. 5) 103 The acceleration of gravity is proportional to the square of the number of vibrations of the same pendulum in a given time. 3. a. Physics. The rapid alternating or reciprocating motion to and fro, or up and down, produced in the particles of an elastic body by the disturbance of equilibrium; the motion in the particles of a sonorous body by which sound is produced. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > science of sound > vibration > [noun] vibration1656 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > vibration or oscillation vibration1656 oscillation1658 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > [noun] > faculty or sense of hearing > vibration of eardrum vibration1802 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > polarization > [noun] > phenomena associated with brush1817 vibration1869 undulose extinction1889 Airy spiral1895 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iv. xxx. 391 When the string of a Lute or Viol is stricken, the Vibration, that is, the reciprocal motion of that string in the same straight Line, causeth like Vibration in another string which has like tension. a1721 M. Prior Ess. & Dialogues of Dead: Lock & Montaigne in Dialogues of Dead & Other Wks. (1907) 243 The vibration of the Air and its Undulation. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 168 An æther,..rendered luminous, by a vibration occasioned by the planetary motion. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. iii. 47 The office of the drum of the ear is to spread out an extended surface, capable of receiving the impressions of sound, and of being put by them into a state of vibration. 1869 J. Tyndall in Fortn. Rev. 1 Feb. 247 The plane of vibration of the polarized light turns suddenly through an angle of 90°. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 100 Its amplitude of vibration or distance between its extreme positions. b. A single movement of this kind. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] nameeOE talec1175 fame?c1225 lose1297 creancec1330 stevenc1374 opinionc1384 credencec1390 recorda1393 renowna1400 reputationc1400 reportc1425 regardc1440 esteema1450 noisea1470 reapport1514 estimation1530 savour1535 existimationa1538 countenancea1568 credit1576 standing1579 stair1590 perfumec1595 estimate1597 pass1601 reportage1612 vibration1666 suffrage1667 rep1677 face1834 odour1835 rap1966 the world > matter > physics > science of sound > vibration > [noun] > instance of vibration1666 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > vibration or oscillation > single motion vibration1666 oscillation1706 excursion1800 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > [noun] > a vibration vibration1666 1666 S. Pepys Diary 8 Aug. (1972) VII. 239 A certain Number of Vibracions proper to make any tone. 1731 S. Hales Statical Ess. I. 143 Which perspiration is effected by the brisk rarifying vibrations of warmth. 1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence i. xx But still their trembling ears retain'd The deep vibrations of his witching song. 1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 406 The height of the longitudinal vibrations is..inversely as the length of the sonorous body. 1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xviii. 153 When the particles of elastic bodies are suddenly disturbed by an impulse, they return to their natural position by a series of isochronous vibrations. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (1879) II. xi. 244 Each vibration asserts its individual rights; and all are at last shaken forth into the air by a second sound-board. c. spec. A supposed movement of this kind in the nerves, regarded as the means by which external impressions are conveyed to the mind. Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > action of nervous system > [noun] > nerve impulse vibration1728 nerve current1859 nerve impulse1870 summation1872 message1884 wave of stimulation1885 pattern1930 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Madness Confused Vibrations of the Nerves, and a remarkable Energy of Imagination. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. i. 11 External Objects impressed upon the Senses occasion, first in the Nerves,..and then in the Brain, Vibrations of the small..medullary Particles. 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xii. 95 Those more or less pleasing vibrations of the optic nerves, which serve to inform the mind. 1777 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit viii. 91 The vibrations of the brain are [not] themselves the perceptions. 1801 T. Belsham Elem. Philos. Mind §4. 38 The theory of vibrations suggested by Sir Isaac Newton, [and] adopted and amplified by Dr. Hartley,..assumes that the nerves are continuations of the medullary substance of the brain, that impressions made upon the organs of sense produce vibrations in the minute particles of the nerves. 1829 T. Carlyle in Edinb. Rev. June 446 Hartley's vibrations and vibratiuncles. 1862 F. D. Maurice Mod. Philos. viii. §43. 478 Through what vibrations or vibratiuncles that conviction came to him we do not care to enquire. d. transferred. An intuitive signal about a person or thing; (plural) atmosphere. Usually plural. (Now somewhat colloquial.)In some instances more or less identical with the figurative use of sense 3b. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > effect produced on emotions > [noun] relesec1330 impressionc1374 feeling1597 press1601 impressure1607 impressa1616 resenting1632 feel1892 vibration1899 vibe1967 1899 O. Wilde Importance of being Earnest i. 28 There is very little music in the name Jack, if any at all, indeed. It does not thrill. It produces absolutely no vibrations. 1901 Chambers's Jrnl. Apr. 263/1 There is a man in Denver, Thomas J. Shelton who is said to be making his £10,000 a year by selling what he calls ‘vibrations’... Mr Shelton's ‘vibrations’..he himself explains as being a special force of his inner consciousness, which can be sent through space to purchasers by his mere act of will; and claims for the ‘vibrations’ so sent a subtle power capable of influencing a man in any direction that may be desired. 1919 J. Conrad Arrow of Gold iv. ii. 157 The Blunt atmosphere, the reinforced Blunt vibration stealing through the walls... Nothing to me, of course—the movements of Mme. Blunt, mère. 1919 J. Conrad Arrow of Gold iv. ii. 164 I listened deferentially to the end yet with every nerve in my body tingling in hostile response to the Blunt vibration, which seemed to have got into my very hair. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 478 You can rub shoulders with a Jesus, a Gautama, an Ingersoll. Are you all in this vibration? 1934 M. Allingham Death of Ghost i. 23 Other people's pictures in his studio—it's sacrilege, isn't it? The vibrations won't be right. 1956 R. M. Lester Towards Hereafter ii. 36 When I had a sitting with a medium who was obviously on the same vibration as myself the results were first~class. 1957 J. Kerouac On the Road ii. vi. 146 Something curiously unsympathetic and cold between them was really a form of humor by which they communicated their own set of subtle vibrations. 1968 T. Wolfe Electric Kool-aid Acid Test ii. 20 Something's getting up tight, there's bad vibrations. 1971 J. Mandelkau Buttons v. 62 William showed me upstairs to what was going to be my ‘home’ for the next few weeks and let me wander around the house bumping into people and picking up on the vibrations. 1977 C. Miller & K. Swift Words & Women i. 4 Names do seem to give off vibrations of a sort. 1979 N. Mailer Executioner's Song ii. ii. 525 Stupor on top of old woe was the sad vibration Dennis was getting from Maximum. 4. a. In wider sense: Movement to and fro or up and down, esp. when quick and more or less continuous; a quivering, swaying, or tremulous motion of any kind. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > [noun] evibration1644 vibration1681 1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Remaining Med. Wks. Vibration, a shaking, striking or quavering. 1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 83 An increas'd Motion of the Blood, arising from a Vibration of the Vessels. 1822 P. B. Shelley Lines Bay of Lerici 16 Feeling ever—oh! too much!—The soft vibration of her touch. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxix. 251 Our brig had just mounted the floe, and as we stood on the ice watching her vibration, it seemed so certain that she must come over on her beam-ends. 1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood x. 65 There was a vibration in the old lady's cap. 1901 D. B. Hall & A. Osborne Sunshine & Surf ii. 17 The vibration and smells of the modern steamer. b. An instance of this; a quiver or tremor. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > [noun] > trembling or quivering > a tremble or quiver quavea1382 tremble1610 tremor1635 motitation1649 vibration1650 quaver1736 quiver1786 whither1825 shudder1865 1650 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans 36 What Emanations, Quick vibrations, And bright stirs are there? 1676 J. Glanvill Ess. iii. 27 He will perceive the Quick~silver to descend from the Tube into the subjacent Vessell, till it comes to 29 Digits or thereabouts; there, after some Vibrations, it ordinarily rests. 1811 P. B. Shelley St. Irvyne ii. 51 In long vibrations shudder'd the ground. 1849 C. Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. II. 298 The vibrations and noise [are] much less than in other boats on the same high-pressure principle. 1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius ix. 254 Accompanied by tremors or vibrations in the rocks. 5. a. The action or fact of vacillating or varying in respect of conduct or opinion; an instance of this; a changing or swinging round. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] unsteadfastnessa1300 falsenessc1330 unstablenessc1380 varyingc1380 inconstancec1386 variance1390 geriness1412 instabilityc1422 changeability?a1425 mutabilitya1425 changec1425 changeableness1447 unconstancec1449 unstabilitya1470 mutableness1481 unsureness1481 instableness1483 variation1509 inconstancy1526 shittleness1530 fickleness1548 unconstancy1548 unconstantness1551 inconstantness?a1562 pliableness1562 fast and loose1575 volubility1603 levity1604 unconstability1611 flexibleness1623 vagrancy1642 self-inconsistency1655 inconsistency1665 flittingnessa1680 easiness1705 inconsistence1713 versatility1755 contrariety1762 vibration1785 changefulness1791 girouettism1825 pirouettism1839 weathercockism1843 pirouettiveness1844 volatileness1849 unfixity1856 ficklety1888 the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] > instance of inconstancec1386 inconstancy1526 inconsistency1750 vibration1785 1785 T. Jefferson Let. 1 Sept. in Papers (1953) VIII. 461 The late proceedings seem to be producing a decisive vibration in our favour. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1779 II. 299 This was a fair exhibition of that vibration between pious resolutions and indolence. 1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 iii. 171 It is of little importance..to talk about the perpetual vibrations of Charles Albert's weak mind at this period. 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. iv. 170 There was the same restlessness and fickleness.., the same vibration between anarchy and abject submission. 1882 G. Bancroft Hist. Formation Constit. U.S.A. II. 354 In Virginia there had been a great vibration of opinion. b. Variation in extent, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] > change within limits, variation, or modification > in extent, etc. vibration1860 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) vi. §329 The breadth of the calms of Cancer is also variable... The extreme vibration of this zone is between the parallels of 17° and 38° north. 6. (See quot. 1842.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > electric shock shock1746 stroke1767 vibration1842 electroshock1938 1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Vibration, in electricity, is known as a quantity of the fluid intermediate between a spark and a shock. Compounds C1. General attributive. vibration-proof n. ΚΠ 1917 C. C. Turner Aircraft of To-day vii. 114 The compass..must be carried in a vibration-proof bed. C2. vibration damper n. = damper n. 4c; spec. a device for counteracting torsional vibration in a crankshaft. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > shaft > [noun] > parts of > other parts spring collet1845 post boxa1884 tumbling crank1886 sheave1887 vibration damper1932 taper-lock1954 1932 Motoring Encycl. 183/1 Special forms of frictional clutch on the front end of the crankshaft to reduce engine vibration are dealt with under the heading Vibration Damper. 1936 Gloss. Terms Electr. Engin. (B.S.I.) 87 Vibration-damper, of an overhead line. A device attached to a conductor, and designed to suppress vibrations caused by the action of wind. 1952 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 64/1 Most of the risk of deterioration can be eliminated by using vibration-dampers under machinery. 1961 W. G. Bickley & A. Talbot Introd. Theory Vibrating Syst. x. 122 In many mechanical systems friction is unwanted, and minimized, but in some cases vibration dampers are a feature of the design. 1968 R. H. Bacon Car v. 66 (caption) Crankshaft torsional vibration damper, fan belt pulley and camshaft drive. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1650 |
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