viol da gamban.

Brit.

/ˌvʌɪəl də ˈɡambə/, U.S.

/ˌvaɪ(ə)l də ˈɡæmbə/,

/ˌvaɪ(ə)l də ˈɡɑmbə/

Inflections: Plural viols da gamba, viol da gambas.

Forms:

α. 1500s–1700s viol de gambo, 1600s–1700s viol di gambo, 1600s violl de gambo, 1600s viol de gamboys.

β. 1600s– viol de gamba, 1700s– viol da gamba, 1700s– viol di gamba.

Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian viola da gamba.

Etymology: < Italian viola da gamba, (also occasionally) †viola di gamba, literally ‘leg viol’ (1542; < viola viola n.² + da , di of + gamba leg: see jamb n.), with remodelling of the first element after viol n.¹ Compare German †Violdigamm (1657 or earlier). Compare gamba n.¹ Compare later viola da gamba, viola di gamba at viola n.² 2a.In α. forms probably after Italian masculine nouns in -o . With forms containing de compare French de and its etymon classical Latin dē of (see de prep.); compare post-classical Latin viola de gamba (1669 or earlier), French viole de gambe (1646).

1. Any viol held upright on the knees or between the legs while being played; (in later use) spec. the bass viol, corresponding to the modern cello. Cf. viola da gamba at viola n.² 2a, gamba n.¹ 1.The viol da gamba is particularly associated with Renaissance and baroque music. It became virtually obsolete during the eighteenth cent., but has been revived in recent times.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola da gamba

viol da gamba1597

gamba1598

degamboya1625

division-viol1656

viola da (also di) gamba1724

1597 J. Dowland (title) The firste booke of songes or ayres of fowre partes with tableture for the lute: so made that all..may be song to the lute, orpherian or viol de gambo.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. T7^v Their instruments, ten Sagbuts, foure Cornets, and two Violdegambaes of an extraordinary greatnesse.

1655 J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick i. 41 The Violl De Gambo consists of severall parts as Treble, Tenor and Basse... These three Violls agree in one manner of Tuning.

1704 T. D'Urfey Tales 112 Viol de gambo's, shrill Cats-gutts, Cornets, and every Bellowing Voice Struck up with most stupendious Noise.

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 361 Charles I..had been a scholar of Coperario, on the viol da gamba.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 343/2 Viol da Gamba..was the last survivor of the family of viols.

1870 Musical Times 1 Feb. 361/1 There were two kinds of viol da Gamba, one with six strings, the other with seven.

1908 Aberdeen Jrnl. Notes & Queries 1 32/1 The music ceased, and died away in a long note, like the stroke of a viol-de-gamba.

1979 H. Danks Viola d'Amore i. 12 A type of lyra viol—a larger instrument than the viola d'amore, that was played between the legs, as were all the viols da gamba.

2012 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 July 26 [George] Benjamin's brilliantly refined score includes a telling part for viol da gamba.

2. An organ stop having a tone resembling the viol da gamba. Cf. viola n.² 2b, gamba n.¹ 2. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops

viol1688

violin1688

viol da gamba1826

gamba1829

viola da (also di) gamba1852

violon1852

aeolina1855

German gamba1860

aeoline1865

viola1876

violoncello1876

1773 C. Burney Present State Music in Germany II. 305 Catalogue of the stops in the great organ at Haarlem... Bourdon... Viol da Gamba... Roer Fluit.]

1826 Harmonicon Aug. 158/2 (in table) Great manual [stops]... Viol da gamba... Quintaden... Flute, fifth.

1851 J. Warren Hamilton's Cathechism Organ xii. 71 Mr. Bishop..has just substituted a new cremona in the place of the old; also a viol da gamba for the flute, in the choir organ.

1880 C. A. Edwards Organs ii. xxii. 157 The Viol-di-Gamba is soft, reedy, and sweet.

1935 Musical Times 76 534/2 Very frequently the Swell 8-ft. diapason and viol di gamba are the best stops on the whole organ, having considerable body.

2001 R. Stinson J. S. Bach's Great 18 Organ Chorales iii. 59 Bach might even have played the two free trios with nothing but these stops, using..the Viol di Gamba 8' on the Unter Clavier.

Derivatives

ˌviol da ˈgambist n. a person who plays the viol da gamba; cf. viola da gambist at viola n.² 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > player of viola da gamba

gambist1789

viol da gambist1824

viola da gambist1977

1824 Dict. Musicians II. 63/2 Dr. Burney states him to have been an able and tasteful viol da gambist.

1935 Musical Times Apr. 366/1 The work [sc. Monteverde's Vespers] having been performed..with the necessary harpsichordist, organist, viol-da-gambist, &c.

2003 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 26 July j4 Several have performed in the Ottawa area, including viol da gambists Susie Napper, Margaret Little and Betsy MacMillan.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	viol da gamba
释义	viol da gamban. Brit. /ˌvʌɪəl də ˈɡambə/, U.S. /ˌvaɪ(ə)l də ˈɡæmbə/, /ˌvaɪ(ə)l də ˈɡɑmbə/ Inflections: Plural viols da gamba, viol da gambas. Forms: α. 1500s–1700s viol de gambo, 1600s–1700s viol di gambo, 1600s violl de gambo, 1600s viol de gamboys. β. 1600s– viol de gamba, 1700s– viol da gamba, 1700s– viol di gamba. Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian viola da gamba. Etymology: < Italian viola da gamba, (also occasionally) †viola di gamba, literally ‘leg viol’ (1542; < viola viola n.² + da , di of + gamba leg: see jamb n.), with remodelling of the first element after viol n.¹ Compare German †Violdigamm (1657 or earlier). Compare gamba n.¹ Compare later viola da gamba, viola di gamba at viola n.² 2a.In α. forms probably after Italian masculine nouns in -o . With forms containing de compare French de and its etymon classical Latin dē of (see de prep.); compare post-classical Latin viola de gamba (1669 or earlier), French viole de gambe (1646). 1. Any viol held upright on the knees or between the legs while being played; (in later use) spec. the bass viol, corresponding to the modern cello. Cf. viola da gamba at viola n.² 2a, gamba n.¹ 1.The viol da gamba is particularly associated with Renaissance and baroque music. It became virtually obsolete during the eighteenth cent., but has been revived in recent times. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola da gamba viol da gamba1597 gamba1598 degamboya1625 division-viol1656 viola da (also di) gamba1724 1597 J. Dowland (title) The firste booke of songes or ayres of fowre partes with tableture for the lute: so made that all..may be song to the lute, orpherian or viol de gambo. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. T7^v Their instruments, ten Sagbuts, foure Cornets, and two Violdegambaes of an extraordinary greatnesse. 1655 J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick i. 41 The Violl De Gambo consists of severall parts as Treble, Tenor and Basse... These three Violls agree in one manner of Tuning. 1704 T. D'Urfey Tales 112 Viol de gambo's, shrill Cats-gutts, Cornets, and every Bellowing Voice Struck up with most stupendious Noise. 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 361 Charles I..had been a scholar of Coperario, on the viol da gamba. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 343/2 Viol da Gamba..was the last survivor of the family of viols. 1870 Musical Times 1 Feb. 361/1 There were two kinds of viol da Gamba, one with six strings, the other with seven. 1908 Aberdeen Jrnl. Notes & Queries 1 32/1 The music ceased, and died away in a long note, like the stroke of a viol-de-gamba. 1979 H. Danks Viola d'Amore i. 12 A type of lyra viol—a larger instrument than the viola d'amore, that was played between the legs, as were all the viols da gamba. 2012 Sunday Times (Nexis) 15 July 26 [George] Benjamin's brilliantly refined score includes a telling part for viol da gamba. 2. An organ stop having a tone resembling the viol da gamba. Cf. viola n.² 2b, gamba n.¹ 2. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops viol1688 violin1688 viol da gamba1826 gamba1829 viola da (also di) gamba1852 violon1852 aeolina1855 German gamba1860 aeoline1865 viola1876 violoncello1876 1773 C. Burney Present State Music in Germany II. 305 Catalogue of the stops in the great organ at Haarlem... Bourdon... Viol da Gamba... Roer Fluit.] 1826 Harmonicon Aug. 158/2 (in table) Great manual [stops]... Viol da gamba... Quintaden... Flute, fifth. 1851 J. Warren Hamilton's Cathechism Organ xii. 71 Mr. Bishop..has just substituted a new cremona in the place of the old; also a viol da gamba for the flute, in the choir organ. 1880 C. A. Edwards Organs ii. xxii. 157 The Viol-di-Gamba is soft, reedy, and sweet. 1935 Musical Times 76 534/2 Very frequently the Swell 8-ft. diapason and viol di gamba are the best stops on the whole organ, having considerable body. 2001 R. Stinson J. S. Bach's Great 18 Organ Chorales iii. 59 Bach might even have played the two free trios with nothing but these stops, using..the Viol di Gamba 8' on the Unter Clavier. Derivatives ˌviol da ˈgambist n. a person who plays the viol da gamba; cf. viola da gambist at viola n.² 2a. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > player of viola da gamba gambist1789 viol da gambist1824 viola da gambist1977 1824 Dict. Musicians II. 63/2 Dr. Burney states him to have been an able and tasteful viol da gambist. 1935 Musical Times Apr. 366/1 The work [sc. Monteverde's Vespers] having been performed..with the necessary harpsichordist, organist, viol-da-gambist, &c. 2003 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 26 July j4 Several have performed in the Ottawa area, including viol da gambists Susie Napper, Margaret Little and Betsy MacMillan. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1597
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