hard coaln.

Brit.

/hɑːd ˈkəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrd ˈkoʊl/

Forms: see hard adj. and n. and coal n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., coal n.

Etymology: < hard adj. + coal n.

Coal that is harder than some other kinds and not readily split; spec. coal of a higher rank (rank n.¹ 10) than lignite, esp. anthracite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > coal > hard coal

hard coal1653

stone-coal1708

flint-coal1841

durain1919

1653 Two Grand Ingrossers Coles 16 I deale in hard coale, and charcoale, in small coale, and what not for gains?

1719 Philos. Trans. 1717–19 (Royal Soc.) 30 970 The first or uppermost Vein at Sutton is called the Stinking Vein. It is hard Coal fit for Mechanick uses, but of a sulphurous Smell.

1789 J. Williams Nat. Hist. Mineral Kingdom I. 232 Sometimes you can judge pretty near the crop or surface whether it will be a hard or soft coal.

1846 N.Y. Morning Express 2 Oct. 4/2 Hard Coal is a little higher owing to the increased traffic and freight.

1855 J. Phillips Man. Geol. 190 ‘Hard’ coal, in which the divisional structures are chiefly derived from the planes of stratification.

1979 Sci. Amer. Jan. 28/3 Hard coal (anthracite and the various grades of bituminous coal) and soft coal (brown coal and lignite).

2006 V. Smil Transforming 20th Cent. ii. 37 Crude oils have very similar energy content (42–44 GJ/t), about 50% higher than the standard hard coal.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hard coal
释义	hard coaln. Brit. /hɑːd ˈkəʊl/, U.S. /ˈhɑrd ˈkoʊl/ Forms: see hard adj. and n. and coal n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., coal n. Etymology: < hard adj. + coal n. Coal that is harder than some other kinds and not readily split; spec. coal of a higher rank (rank n.¹ 10) than lignite, esp. anthracite. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > coal > hard coal hard coal1653 stone-coal1708 flint-coal1841 durain1919 1653 Two Grand Ingrossers Coles 16 I deale in hard coale, and charcoale, in small coale, and what not for gains? 1719 Philos. Trans. 1717–19 (Royal Soc.) 30 970 The first or uppermost Vein at Sutton is called the Stinking Vein. It is hard Coal fit for Mechanick uses, but of a sulphurous Smell. 1789 J. Williams Nat. Hist. Mineral Kingdom I. 232 Sometimes you can judge pretty near the crop or surface whether it will be a hard or soft coal. 1846 N.Y. Morning Express 2 Oct. 4/2 Hard Coal is a little higher owing to the increased traffic and freight. 1855 J. Phillips Man. Geol. 190 ‘Hard’ coal, in which the divisional structures are chiefly derived from the planes of stratification. 1979 Sci. Amer. Jan. 28/3 Hard coal (anthracite and the various grades of bituminous coal) and soft coal (brown coal and lignite). 2006 V. Smil Transforming 20th Cent. ii. 37 Crude oils have very similar energy content (42–44 GJ/t), about 50% higher than the standard hard coal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1653
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