ventailn.

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s (1800s) ventayle, Middle English ventayll(e, ventayl; Middle English–1500s (1800s) ventaile, Middle English–1500s ventale, Middle English ventaill (1800s ventaille), Middle English, 1800s ventail (Middle English Scottish wen-). β. Middle English ventalle, Middle English–1500s ventall, 1500s vental.

Etymology: < Old French ventaille, -taile, ventalle (modern French ventail (masculine), = Old Provençal ventalha , Italian ventaglia ), < vent wind, air. Hence also Middle High German vin- , finteile , vintale . A purely English variant is aventail n.As the sense of ‘breathing-place’ appears to be inapplicable to the earliest use of the word (see sense 1) in French and English, the name may originally have been given to the piece of armour from a real or fancied resemblance to some other article so designated. Other senses of the Old French word (and of the related forms ventele, ventail, and vental) are fan, vane (of a windmill), sluice, shutter, leaf (of a folding door or picture). In Old French romances the ventaille is frequently mentioned as covering the heart or breast: compare Chaucer Clerk's Tale 1148.

Now Historical.

†1. A piece of armour protecting the neck, upon which the helmet fitted; a neck-piece. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > neck armour > [noun]

collar1297

gorger1300

ventaila1330

gullet?a1400

canel-piecec1425

standard1464

gorget1484

gorgeretc1500

neck-piece1713

hausse-col1821

gorgerin1849

α.

a1330 Roland & V. 863 His ventail he gan vn-lace & smot of his heued in þe place.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 454 His helme was of so michel miȝt, Was neuer man ouer-comen in fiȝt Þat hadde it on his ventayle.

a1400 Sir Perc. 1722 He hitt hym evene one the nekk-bane, Thurgh ventale and pesane.

c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 14375 Her helmes were on her ventayles sperde.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiv. l. 33 Helmes, hawberkes, & ventaylles Also, Alle to the Grownde he dyde hem go.

β. a1400 Sqr. lowe Degre 222 Your basenette shall be burnysshed bryght, Your ventall shalbe well dyght, With starres of gold it shall be set.

a. The lower movable part of the front of a helmet, as distinct from the vizor; latterly, the whole movable part including the vizor.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > aventail

aventailc1374

ventailc1400

ventailet1459

volant piece1503

buffe1598

volant1867

c1400 Anturs of Arth. xxxii Then he auaylet vppe his viserne fro his ventalle.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cii^* He braidit vp his ventaill That closit wes clene.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxxiv. 448 Vnder the ventayle of his helme the terys of water fell downe fro his eyen.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7030 The duke with a dynt derit hym agayn, Þat the viser & the ventaile voidet hym fro.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ii. sig. Dd2 Through whose bright ventayle..His manly face..Lookt foorth.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne vi. xxvi. 98 He ventall vp so hie, that he descride Her goodly visage, and her beauties pride.

1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Ventail, that part of a helmet which is made to lift up.

1865 J. K. James tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Deliv. xx. xii Thro' the barred ventayle his flushed features shone.

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour viii. 127 This piece, called the mesail, or mursail..but more generally known in England as the ventaile, or visor, was pierced for both sight and breathing.]

1906 S. Heath Effigies in Dorset 10 Some~times with a movable ‘ventaille’ or visor.

†b. One of the vents or air-holes of this. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > aventail > breathing-hole

ventail1470

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. lx. 516 The blood brast oute at the ventayls of his helme.

†3. Something acting as a sail or fan. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > windmill > sail

sailc1440

wing1484

ventaila1529

vane1581

sweep1702

arm1724

windsail1725

wind-vane1725

swift1763

wan1767

flyer1790

van1837

a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. B.ii^v [The nuns] Must cast vp theyr blacke vayles And set vp theyr fucke sayles To catch wynde w^t their ventales.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	ventail
释义	ventailn. Forms: α. Middle English–1500s (1800s) ventayle, Middle English ventayll(e, ventayl; Middle English–1500s (1800s) ventaile, Middle English–1500s ventale, Middle English ventaill (1800s ventaille), Middle English, 1800s ventail (Middle English Scottish wen-). β. Middle English ventalle, Middle English–1500s ventall, 1500s vental. Etymology: < Old French ventaille, -taile, ventalle (modern French ventail (masculine), = Old Provençal ventalha , Italian ventaglia ), < vent wind, air. Hence also Middle High German vin- , finteile , vintale . A purely English variant is aventail n.As the sense of ‘breathing-place’ appears to be inapplicable to the earliest use of the word (see sense 1) in French and English, the name may originally have been given to the piece of armour from a real or fancied resemblance to some other article so designated. Other senses of the Old French word (and of the related forms ventele, ventail, and vental) are fan, vane (of a windmill), sluice, shutter, leaf (of a folding door or picture). In Old French romances the ventaille is frequently mentioned as covering the heart or breast: compare Chaucer Clerk's Tale 1148. Now Historical. †1. A piece of armour protecting the neck, upon which the helmet fitted; a neck-piece. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > neck armour > [noun] collar1297 gorger1300 ventaila1330 gullet?a1400 canel-piecec1425 standard1464 gorget1484 gorgeretc1500 neck-piece1713 hausse-col1821 gorgerin1849 α. a1330 Roland & V. 863 His ventail he gan vn-lace & smot of his heued in þe place. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 454 His helme was of so michel miȝt, Was neuer man ouer-comen in fiȝt Þat hadde it on his ventayle. a1400 Sir Perc. 1722 He hitt hym evene one the nekk-bane, Thurgh ventale and pesane. c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 14375 Her helmes were on her ventayles sperde. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiv. l. 33 Helmes, hawberkes, & ventaylles Also, Alle to the Grownde he dyde hem go. β. a1400 Sqr. lowe Degre 222 Your basenette shall be burnysshed bryght, Your ventall shalbe well dyght, With starres of gold it shall be set. 2. a. The lower movable part of the front of a helmet, as distinct from the vizor; latterly, the whole movable part including the vizor. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > aventail aventailc1374 ventailc1400 ventailet1459 volant piece1503 buffe1598 volant1867 c1400 Anturs of Arth. xxxii Then he auaylet vppe his viserne fro his ventalle. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cii^* He braidit vp his ventaill That closit wes clene. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxxiv. 448 Vnder the ventayle of his helme the terys of water fell downe fro his eyen. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7030 The duke with a dynt derit hym agayn, Þat the viser & the ventaile voidet hym fro. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ii. sig. Dd2 Through whose bright ventayle..His manly face..Lookt foorth. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne vi. xxvi. 98 He ventall vp so hie, that he descride Her goodly visage, and her beauties pride. 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Ventail, that part of a helmet which is made to lift up. 1865 J. K. James tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Deliv. xx. xii Thro' the barred ventayle his flushed features shone. 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour viii. 127 This piece, called the mesail, or mursail..but more generally known in England as the ventaile, or visor, was pierced for both sight and breathing.] 1906 S. Heath Effigies in Dorset 10 Some~times with a movable ‘ventaille’ or visor. †b. One of the vents or air-holes of this. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > aventail > breathing-hole ventail1470 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. lx. 516 The blood brast oute at the ventayls of his helme. †3. Something acting as a sail or fan. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > windmill > sail sailc1440 wing1484 ventaila1529 vane1581 sweep1702 arm1724 windsail1725 wind-vane1725 swift1763 wan1767 flyer1790 van1837 a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. B.ii^v [The nuns] Must cast vp theyr blacke vayles And set vp theyr fucke sayles To catch wynde w^t their ventales. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.a1330
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