英语词汇“villein regardant”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

a. Law. Attached to a manor. Chiefly in villein regardant. Also with †to. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [adjective] > attached to land or manor

regardant1443

adscriptitious1769

adscript?1794

adscripted1878

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [noun] > serf > types of

villein regardant1443

helot1579

regardant1646

scallagc1700

borderer1771

bordar1776

mainmortable1779

native (or villein) of stock1828

Penest1835

adscript1837

1443–50 in W. P. Baildon Sel. Cases Chancery (1896) 135 (MED) He and his auncestres..haue been seised of the said John Bysship and of his auncestres as villeyns regardantz to the said Maner fro the tyme that no mynde is.

?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student xx. f. xliii But he hathe nother ryght to the aduowsons appendaunt if any be, nor to the vylleyns regardant.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Churle or villayne regardant, colonarius.

1576 Doc. 28 Nov. in C. M. Hoare Hist. E. Anglian Soke (1918) iv. 299 William Powle,..bondman of the blood regardaunte to the mannor of Gymynghm.

1601 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 18 A manor is an inheritance of auncient continuance consisting of demesnes & seruices, perquisites, casualties, things appendant and regardant, customes, liberties, &c.

1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iv. ii. 82 Villaines & Neifes, which are alwayes saide to be Regardant to a Manour.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. ii. ii. §189. 123 b And there is no diuersitie herein whether he be a villeine regardant, or in grosse although some haue said the contrarie.

1688 P. Pett Happy Future State of Eng. 97 They were Villains regardant to their Mannors.

1719 M. Shelton Hist. & Crit. Ess. Rise Nobility (ed. 2) vii. 616 Of these Bondmen or Villains, there were two Sorts in England, one term'd a Villain in gross,..the other a Villain regardant to a Manor.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. vi. 93 These villeins, belonging principally to lords of manors, were either villeins regardant, that is, annexed to the manor or land; or else they were in gross.

1795 V. Knox Spirit of Despotism xii. 89 Slaves..were attached to the soil, and were conveyed or descended with the estate, under the name villains regardant.

1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. viii. 392 The statute de donis must have operated very injuriously to prevent the enfranchisement of villeins regardant.

1861 Times 19 Feb. 6/5 The serf was reduced to a legal condition uniting the disabilities of a ‘villein regardant’ and a ‘villein in gross’.

1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. i. 48 Most modern writers on the subject have laid stress upon a difference between villains regardant and villains in gross, said to be found in law books.

1920 Jrnl. Negro Hist. July 275 There was not a real difference in status between the so-called villein regardant and the villein in gross.

1979 Philos. & Public Affairs 8 107 The villein regardant, whose serfdom arises through his feudal tenure of the land.

1. One of the class of serfs in the feudal system; spec. a peasant occupier or cultivator entirely subject to a lord ( villein in gross gross n.⁴ 2e) or attached to a manor ( villein regardant regardant adj. 1); a tenant in villeinage; also applied to a person regarded as holding a similar position in other communities, a bondsman. †Hence formerly in general use, a peasant, country labourer, or low-born rustic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > villein or cottar

cotsetlac1000

grassman1282

carla1300

villeina1325

tike1377

villeiness1611

serf1761

cotset1809

cottar1809

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > villein

laeta1000

cotsetlac1000

bondmanc1250

bondc1275

grassman1282

husbanda1300

youngerman?c1300

boundec1320

villeina1325

tike1377

carla1400

cotset1809

cottar1809

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [noun] > serf

town manOE

townsmanOE

churl?c1225

carla1300

villeina1325

peasant1550

serf1611

helot1823

robotnik1945

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > by service or allegiance > in villeinage

villeina1325

villan1552

villaner1862

villar1874

α.

a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 56^v Also lith assise after excepcion of villenage ȝif þat vileyn vnder his louerdes power purchasede ani lond.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 325 Nou lete we this maiden hiere, And speke of Dionise ayein And of Theophile the vilein, Of whiche I spak of nou tofore. [Cf. p. 320, l. 1358.]

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 191 Olifauntz..that he makethe for to ben brought up amonges his Vileynes.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 11625 And whiles the veleyn hadde seyd al this, Evere stood sire Vlphyn and herkened, j-wys.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1743/2 In case my aduersaries villaine [1587 villen] or bondman be empanelled, I may lawfully chalenge him.

1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes ii. f. 34 Amongest the second sort are comprehended such as lacke freedome, & full liberty, as bond-slaue, slaues, and villeines.

1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 146 If any Villeine or Bondman of blood hath purchased any land within his Lordship, the Lord may seise both it and such villeines goods at his pleasure.

1648 D. Jenkins Wks. 10 The Villeine of a Lord, in the presence of the King cannot be seized.

1699 W. Temple Introd. Hist. Eng. 65 The Villens, that held nothing but at the Will of the Landlord.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 72 Villeins might be enfranchised by manumission.

1775 Archaeologia 3 80 Is it probable, that two day labourers, and at that time villeins, should have any fine to compound?

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 256 After the conquest the estates of the great lords were cultivated by their villeins.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. v. 71 The villeins are many, and their hate is strong.

1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 42 If the villein could not depart from the land, no more could the lord remove him so long as he rendered the service due to the lord.

figurative.1607 S. Hieron Platforme Obed. in Wks. (1620) I. 333 The scorner and scoffer at the word, is euen a villen to his own profanenes.β. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. iii. 277 That..alle men of worship maye disseuer a gentylman fro a yoman, and from a yoman a vylayne.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 148/2 It happed upon a day that he tormented a vylayn or a carle for the couetyse of hys good.1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xliii. f. cxv Yf a vyllayn be made a preste, yet neuertheles the lorde may sease his goodes.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. ciiij There were slain and taken foure hundred gentlemen and the villaines frankely let go.1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 366 Bondseruants, whiche we do now sence call by a strained worde Villaines ar not here talked of.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. xliv. 1233 b This K[ing]..was wont..to acknowledge & cal himselfe the freed villaine and vassaile of the people of Rome.1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 156 John Cut,..Henry Wyat, and such other Caitifes and Villaines of Birth, have beene the principall Finders.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 267 They are Preferred to no higher Employment than to Cultivate the Earth as Villains, not Inheritors.1714 Spectator No. 607. ⁋12 The Steward shall cause these two Neighbours to swear..if he be a Free-man, or a Villain.1750 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 602 An act for disabling the villains or copyholders of prelates and monasteries to purchase lands in fee.1776 D. Dalrymple Ann. Scotl. I. 320 A covenant between the Lord and the villain.1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 168 They [the judges] were likewise required..to receive the oath of fealty from all persons from the earl down to the villain.1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. iii. 62 Time out of mind the services of the villains had been commutable for money payments.1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. 478 The villain was not a slave, but a freeman minus the very important rights of his lord. As against all men but his lord, he was free.

单词	villein regardant
释义	> as lemmas villein regardant a. Law. Attached to a manor. Chiefly in villein regardant. Also with †to. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [adjective] > attached to land or manor regardant1443 adscriptitious1769 adscript?1794 adscripted1878 society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [noun] > serf > types of villein regardant1443 helot1579 regardant1646 scallagc1700 borderer1771 bordar1776 mainmortable1779 native (or villein) of stock1828 Penest1835 adscript1837 1443–50 in W. P. Baildon Sel. Cases Chancery (1896) 135 (MED) He and his auncestres..haue been seised of the said John Bysship and of his auncestres as villeyns regardantz to the said Maner fro the tyme that no mynde is. ?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student xx. f. xliii But he hathe nother ryght to the aduowsons appendaunt if any be, nor to the vylleyns regardant. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Churle or villayne regardant, colonarius. 1576 Doc. 28 Nov. in C. M. Hoare Hist. E. Anglian Soke (1918) iv. 299 William Powle,..bondman of the blood regardaunte to the mannor of Gymynghm. 1601 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 18 A manor is an inheritance of auncient continuance consisting of demesnes & seruices, perquisites, casualties, things appendant and regardant, customes, liberties, &c. 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iv. ii. 82 Villaines & Neifes, which are alwayes saide to be Regardant to a Manour. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. ii. ii. §189. 123 b And there is no diuersitie herein whether he be a villeine regardant, or in grosse although some haue said the contrarie. 1688 P. Pett Happy Future State of Eng. 97 They were Villains regardant to their Mannors. 1719 M. Shelton Hist. & Crit. Ess. Rise Nobility (ed. 2) vii. 616 Of these Bondmen or Villains, there were two Sorts in England, one term'd a Villain in gross,..the other a Villain regardant to a Manor. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. vi. 93 These villeins, belonging principally to lords of manors, were either villeins regardant, that is, annexed to the manor or land; or else they were in gross. 1795 V. Knox Spirit of Despotism xii. 89 Slaves..were attached to the soil, and were conveyed or descended with the estate, under the name villains regardant. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. viii. 392 The statute de donis must have operated very injuriously to prevent the enfranchisement of villeins regardant. 1861 Times 19 Feb. 6/5 The serf was reduced to a legal condition uniting the disabilities of a ‘villein regardant’ and a ‘villein in gross’. 1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. i. 48 Most modern writers on the subject have laid stress upon a difference between villains regardant and villains in gross, said to be found in law books. 1920 Jrnl. Negro Hist. July 275 There was not a real difference in status between the so-called villein regardant and the villein in gross. 1979 Philos. & Public Affairs 8 107 The villein regardant, whose serfdom arises through his feudal tenure of the land. extracted from regardantadj.n. villein regardant 1. One of the class of serfs in the feudal system; spec. a peasant occupier or cultivator entirely subject to a lord ( villein in gross gross n.⁴ 2e) or attached to a manor ( villein regardant regardant adj. 1); a tenant in villeinage; also applied to a person regarded as holding a similar position in other communities, a bondsman. †Hence formerly in general use, a peasant, country labourer, or low-born rustic. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > villein or cottar cotsetlac1000 grassman1282 carla1300 villeina1325 tike1377 villeiness1611 serf1761 cotset1809 cottar1809 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > villein laeta1000 cotsetlac1000 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 grassman1282 husbanda1300 youngerman?c1300 boundec1320 villeina1325 tike1377 carla1400 cotset1809 cottar1809 society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [noun] > serf town manOE townsmanOE churl?c1225 carla1300 villeina1325 peasant1550 serf1611 helot1823 robotnik1945 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > by service or allegiance > in villeinage villeina1325 villan1552 villaner1862 villar1874 α. a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 56^v Also lith assise after excepcion of villenage ȝif þat vileyn vnder his louerdes power purchasede ani lond. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 325 Nou lete we this maiden hiere, And speke of Dionise ayein And of Theophile the vilein, Of whiche I spak of nou tofore. [Cf. p. 320, l. 1358.] c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 191 Olifauntz..that he makethe for to ben brought up amonges his Vileynes. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 11625 And whiles the veleyn hadde seyd al this, Evere stood sire Vlphyn and herkened, j-wys. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1743/2 In case my aduersaries villaine [1587 villen] or bondman be empanelled, I may lawfully chalenge him. 1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes ii. f. 34 Amongest the second sort are comprehended such as lacke freedome, & full liberty, as bond-slaue, slaues, and villeines. 1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 146 If any Villeine or Bondman of blood hath purchased any land within his Lordship, the Lord may seise both it and such villeines goods at his pleasure. 1648 D. Jenkins Wks. 10 The Villeine of a Lord, in the presence of the King cannot be seized. 1699 W. Temple Introd. Hist. Eng. 65 The Villens, that held nothing but at the Will of the Landlord. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 72 Villeins might be enfranchised by manumission. 1775 Archaeologia 3 80 Is it probable, that two day labourers, and at that time villeins, should have any fine to compound? 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 256 After the conquest the estates of the great lords were cultivated by their villeins. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. v. 71 The villeins are many, and their hate is strong. 1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 42 If the villein could not depart from the land, no more could the lord remove him so long as he rendered the service due to the lord. figurative.1607 S. Hieron Platforme Obed. in Wks. (1620) I. 333 The scorner and scoffer at the word, is euen a villen to his own profanenes.β. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. iii. 277 That..alle men of worship maye disseuer a gentylman fro a yoman, and from a yoman a vylayne.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 148/2 It happed upon a day that he tormented a vylayn or a carle for the couetyse of hys good.1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xliii. f. cxv Yf a vyllayn be made a preste, yet neuertheles the lorde may sease his goodes.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. ciiij There were slain and taken foure hundred gentlemen and the villaines frankely let go.1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 366 Bondseruants, whiche we do now sence call by a strained worde Villaines ar not here talked of.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. xliv. 1233 b This K[ing]..was wont..to acknowledge & cal himselfe the freed villaine and vassaile of the people of Rome.1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 156 John Cut,..Henry Wyat, and such other Caitifes and Villaines of Birth, have beene the principall Finders.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 267 They are Preferred to no higher Employment than to Cultivate the Earth as Villains, not Inheritors.1714 Spectator No. 607. ⁋12 The Steward shall cause these two Neighbours to swear..if he be a Free-man, or a Villain.1750 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 602 An act for disabling the villains or copyholders of prelates and monasteries to purchase lands in fee.1776 D. Dalrymple Ann. Scotl. I. 320 A covenant between the Lord and the villain.1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 168 They [the judges] were likewise required..to receive the oath of fealty from all persons from the earl down to the villain.1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. iii. 62 Time out of mind the services of the villains had been commutable for money payments.1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. 478 The villain was not a slave, but a freeman minus the very important rights of his lord. As against all men but his lord, he was free. extracted from villeinn. < as lemmas
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> as lemmas