valonian.

Brit.

/vəˈləʊnɪə/,

/vaˈləʊnɪə/, U.S.

/vəˈloʊniə/

Forms: Also 1800s vallonia; 1700s valanea, 1800s valonea; 1800s velonia, velonea.

Etymology: < Italian vallonía, vallonéa, whence also French vallonée, velonnée, †velonie (1553), < modern Greek βαλάνια, βελάνια, plural of βαλάνι, βελάνι acorn (ancient Greek βάλανος).

a. The large acorn-cups and acorns of Quercus ægilops (and the related Q. vallonea), a species of oak growing esp. in the north-eastern Mediterranean regions, valued for the abundant tannin they contain, and much used in tanning, dyeing, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > fruit, seed, or flower used in dyeing > [noun] > valonia acorn

valonia1722

the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye > types of dyes

pallOE

sanders1329

raddlea1350

nutgallc1450

bark1565

logwood1581

sanders-wood1615

catechu1682

cate1698

cachou1708

valonia1722

India wood1742

cutch1759

alizari1769

standard1808

iron buff1836

colorine1838

acid dye1840

garancin1843

French tub1846

suranji1848

morindin1849

water blue1851

union dye1852

indigo-carmine1855

hernant1858

pigment colour1862

rosaniline1862

rose aniline1862

bezetta1863

bottom1863

acid colour1873

paraphenylenediamine1873

indigo-extract1874

tin-pulp1874

phthalein1875

sightening1875

chrome1876

rose bengal1878

azo-colours1879

azine1887

basic dye1892

chromotrope1893

garance1896

ice colour1896

xylochrome1898

cross-dye1901

indanthrene1901

Lithol1903

vat dye1903

thioindigo1906

para red1907

vat colour1912

vat dyestuff1914

indanthrone1920

ionamine1922

Soledon1924

Solochrome1924

Solacet1938

indigoid1939

thioindigoid1943

fluorol1956

Procion1956

α.

1722 London Gaz. No. 6040/6 Red Saunders, Shumack, Sticklack, Turnsole, Valonia.

1722 London Gaz. No. 6040/7 Valonia the Tun Weight, seven Pounds.

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 225 Valonia is a dying ingredient, brought from Italy and the Levant. It is the husks of the acorn, generally mixed with that fruit.

1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 82 The leather made with valonia is said to be firmer and heavier than the oak-tanned.

1889 Daily News 12 Nov. 5/6 Another day, while I was collecting vallonia, I was assaulted by four soldiers.

β. 1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor viii. 23 A species of low oak which produces valanea or large acorns..used in tanning.1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor xxix. 101 The valanéa, or large acorns,..are exported, chiefly to Italy.1867 P. L. Simmonds Commerc. Dict. Trade Products (rev. ed.) (at cited word) In 1862, there were imported 29,720 tons of valonea.1898 I. Zangwill Dreamers of Ghetto iv. 116 Hard-headed Sephardim were busy..shipping freights of figs or valonea.γ. a1836 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XXIII. 743 The acorns..are extensively used by dyers by the name of Velonea.1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §1039. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1202/1.

b. attributive and in other combinations.

ΚΠ

1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 4628 Oak bark and valonia tanned leather.

1903 Brighton Stand. 27 Oct. 9/3 A..clerk in the hide and valonia business.

2. valonia oak n. the Levantine species Quercus ægilops. Also elliptical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > valonia oak

aegilops1597

oak of Bashana1669

valonia oak1830

valonidi1850

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 98 A species known in the Levant under the name of Velonia.

1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 796 Velonia Oak.

1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 214/2 Q. Ægilops, Great prickly-cupped Oak, or Valonia.

1892 A. M. Clerke Familiar Stud. Homer vi. 153 The tradition of acorn-eating connected with the rustic Arcadians applied evidently to the fruit of the valonia-oak.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	valonia
释义	valonian. Brit. /vəˈləʊnɪə/, /vaˈləʊnɪə/, U.S. /vəˈloʊniə/ Forms: Also 1800s vallonia; 1700s valanea, 1800s valonea; 1800s velonia, velonea. Etymology: < Italian vallonía, vallonéa, whence also French vallonée, velonnée, †velonie (1553), < modern Greek βαλάνια, βελάνια, plural of βαλάνι, βελάνι acorn (ancient Greek βάλανος). 1. a. The large acorn-cups and acorns of Quercus ægilops (and the related Q. vallonea), a species of oak growing esp. in the north-eastern Mediterranean regions, valued for the abundant tannin they contain, and much used in tanning, dyeing, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > fruit, seed, or flower used in dyeing > [noun] > valonia acorn valonia1722 the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye > types of dyes pallOE sanders1329 raddlea1350 nutgallc1450 bark1565 logwood1581 sanders-wood1615 catechu1682 cate1698 cachou1708 valonia1722 India wood1742 cutch1759 alizari1769 standard1808 iron buff1836 colorine1838 acid dye1840 garancin1843 French tub1846 suranji1848 morindin1849 water blue1851 union dye1852 indigo-carmine1855 hernant1858 pigment colour1862 rosaniline1862 rose aniline1862 bezetta1863 bottom1863 acid colour1873 paraphenylenediamine1873 indigo-extract1874 tin-pulp1874 phthalein1875 sightening1875 chrome1876 rose bengal1878 azo-colours1879 azine1887 basic dye1892 chromotrope1893 garance1896 ice colour1896 xylochrome1898 cross-dye1901 indanthrene1901 Lithol1903 vat dye1903 thioindigo1906 para red1907 vat colour1912 vat dyestuff1914 indanthrone1920 ionamine1922 Soledon1924 Solochrome1924 Solacet1938 indigoid1939 thioindigoid1943 fluorol1956 Procion1956 α. 1722 London Gaz. No. 6040/6 Red Saunders, Shumack, Sticklack, Turnsole, Valonia. 1722 London Gaz. No. 6040/7 Valonia the Tun Weight, seven Pounds. 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 225 Valonia is a dying ingredient, brought from Italy and the Levant. It is the husks of the acorn, generally mixed with that fruit. 1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 82 The leather made with valonia is said to be firmer and heavier than the oak-tanned. 1889 Daily News 12 Nov. 5/6 Another day, while I was collecting vallonia, I was assaulted by four soldiers. β. 1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor viii. 23 A species of low oak which produces valanea or large acorns..used in tanning.1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor xxix. 101 The valanéa, or large acorns,..are exported, chiefly to Italy.1867 P. L. Simmonds Commerc. Dict. Trade Products (rev. ed.) (at cited word) In 1862, there were imported 29,720 tons of valonea.1898 I. Zangwill Dreamers of Ghetto iv. 116 Hard-headed Sephardim were busy..shipping freights of figs or valonea.γ. a1836 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XXIII. 743 The acorns..are extensively used by dyers by the name of Velonea.1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §1039. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1202/1. b. attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 4628 Oak bark and valonia tanned leather. 1903 Brighton Stand. 27 Oct. 9/3 A..clerk in the hide and valonia business. 2. valonia oak n. the Levantine species Quercus ægilops. Also elliptical. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > valonia oak aegilops1597 oak of Bashana1669 valonia oak1830 valonidi1850 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 98 A species known in the Levant under the name of Velonia. 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 796 Velonia Oak. 1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 214/2 Q. Ægilops, Great prickly-cupped Oak, or Valonia. 1892 A. M. Clerke Familiar Stud. Homer vi. 153 The tradition of acorn-eating connected with the rustic Arcadians applied evidently to the fruit of the valonia-oak. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1722
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