variolousadj.

Brit.

/vəˈrʌɪələs/, U.S.

/vəˈraɪələs/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: variola n., -ous suffix.

Etymology: < variola n. + -ous suffix, after post-classical Latin variolosus infected with variola (1524 or earlier; earlier as noun, denoting a person suffering from variola (14th cent. in a British source)), of, relating to, or characteristic of variola (1618 or earlier), of the nature of variola (although this is apparently first attested later than in English: 1694 or earlier), (in entomology) covered with punctures (1789 in the passage translated in quot. 1800 at sense 2, or earlier). Compare French †véroleux (1611), Old Occitan vayrolos (end of the 15th cent.), both in sense ‘pockmarked’.

1. Medicine.

a. Infected with variola (smallpox). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [adjective] > affected with smallpox

pockishc1567

variolous1668

smallpoxed1734

1668 T. Sydenham Let. Boyle 2 Apr. in R. Boyle Wks. (1744) V. 639/2 In visiting..many of my variolous patients.

1752 C. Perry Seasonable Thoughts & Advices Inoculation 33 Those Vapours, or Effluvia, which exhale from the Body of a variolous Person, are more subtile and volatile, than the gross Matter made Use of in Inoculation.

c1792 Encycl. Brit. IX. 245/2 Inoculation with the blood of variolous patients hath been tried without effect.

1804 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 12 184 Variolous patients.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 207 It is..exceptional to find that the children born of variolous mothers..have had small-pox in uterus.

1916 J. C. Edgar Pract. Obstetr. (ed. 5) iii. vii. 238 This is the commonest termination of pregnancy in a variolous woman.

b. Of, relating to, or characteristic of variola.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [adjective] > affected with smallpox > of nature of or resembling

variolous1676

variolic1753

varioliform1801

variolar1808

varioloid1818

1676 C. Goodall Colledge of Physicians Vindicated 177 His second indication is taken, from the time of the expulsion of the variolous pustles, into the habit of body.

1734 J. Rogers Ess. Epidemic Dis. vii. 131 With regard to the worst Kind of Small-Pox; we have not only to deal with Abscesses of the most un-toward Disposition; but also a Fever kept up at the same Time by the remains of the Variolous Contagion, attended with the most dangerous Symptoms.

1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 235 From the Dissections of those who have died of the Small-Pox, we find that the Viscera are subject to the variolous Abscesses.

1780 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 139 She was delivered of a child, as full of variolous pustules as herself.

1798 E. Jenner Inq. Causes & Effects Variolæ Vaccinæ 50 It is singular to observe that the Cow-pox virus, although it renders the constitution unsusceptible of the variolous, should, nevertheless, leave it unchanged with respect to its own action.

1827 T. De Quincey Last Days Kant in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 140/2 He thought, that, as a guarantee against the variolous infection, it required a much longer probation.

a1836 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VII. 754/2 When a person has been inoculated with a mixture of the variolous and vaccine poisons.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 639 In these respects its evolution is not unlike that of a variolous or vaccine vesicle.

1922 Jrnl. Royal Army Med. Corps 39 378 In the Australian disease the typical variolous odour was noticed in the severest cases.

1962 Postgraduate Med. Jrnl. 38 140/2 In the five cases not seen the epidemiological data strongly suggested a variolous ætiology.

2000 M. A. Dreese 151st Pennsylvania Volunteers Gettysburg vi. 105/1 At the time of his death, Morrison's body was extremely emaciated and the skin marked with variolous scars.

c. Resembling or similar to variola; of the nature of variola. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > smallpox

pock1296

variole?a1425

pox1476

small-pockc1510

smallpox?1562

variola1593

little pox?a1649

variolous1676

discrete smallpox1684

varioloid1820

varicelloid1873

variola major1902

whitepox1911

variola minor1925

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 569 The third Epidemical Constitution..was that of the Small-pocks, and of a Variolous Feaver, resembling..the Smal-pocks.

1696 G. Harvey Treat. Small-pox & Measles (new ed.) 98 A malignant variolous Fever is incurable, and very suddenly mortal.

c1792 Encycl. Brit. IX. 245/2 The variolous matter only produces the variolous disease.

1843 Lancet 11 Feb. 698/2 As in the other forms of variolous disease, the development of the eruption is attended with considerable itching.

1890 Lancet 30 Aug. 466/2 In the section devoted to the variolous diseases of the domesticated animals I enumerated all these eruptions.

1925 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 38 110 The owner of the bird lived at a building which was formerly an isolation hospital for variolous diseases.

†2. Chiefly Entomology. Of the surface texture of an insect, shell, etc.: covered with varioles (punctures). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [adjective] > of marking or colouring > having many varioles

variolous1800

1800 W. Turton tr. C. Linnaeus Gen. Syst. Nature II. 42 Shield 2-toothed: thorax rough: shells variolous [L. elytris variolosis].

1825 Encycl. Londinensis XX. 446/1 Pimelia serrata: thorax variolous, shells with three raised lines; the interstices are rugged, and the legs long.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 270 Variolous (Variolosa), beset with many varioles.

Compounds

variolous matter n. [after post-classical Latin materia variolosa (1660 or earlier)] now historical the fluid present in a vesicle or pustule of variola, esp. as used for variolation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > vaccine or antiserum > [noun] > vaccine > of cowpox or smallpox

variolous matter1676

vaccine lymph1799

lymph1800

vaccine1800

humanized lymph1839

pock-lymph1876

calf-lymph1884

1676 C. Goodall Colledge of Physicians Vindicated 177 The latter impeding or hindering the due expulsion of the variolous matter.

1701 J. Pechey tr. T. Sydenham Whole Wks. (ed. 3) vi. 271 But the most profuse Eruption of the Pustles, as I conjecture, arises from too hasty an Accumulation of the variolous Matter.

1730 W. Douglass Pract. Ess. Conc. Smallpox 89 Perhaps it is more infecting than in the common Way, because after the Small Pox Confinement is over the inoculated Walk about, and carry with them a Sort of ambulatory Infection, their Incisions continuing to run a Sort of variolous Matter.

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 22 I immediately inoculated the whole party with the most virulent variolous matter I could procure.

1926 Lancet 23 Jan. 191/1 The method in vogue in Palestine is to puncture the skin with a thorn through variolous matter spread on the surface.

2011 C. Tatz in S. Totten & R. K. Hitchcock Genocide Indigenous Peoples iv. 89 It is not feasible that the first fleet of soldiers and settlers, arriving in 1788..could conceive of extermination by deliberately inflicting ‘variolous matter’ on the native people.

Derivatives

vaˈriolous-like adj. now rare or disused varioloid, varioliform.

ΚΠ

1800 W. Woodville Observ. Cow-pox 17 Dr. Jenner does not believe that variolous-like pustules have ever been produced by the pure uncontaminated Cow-pock virus.

1838 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 6 487 He frankly communicated to Jenner the supposed effects (variolous-like eruptions) which had appeared.

1922 Jrnl. Royal Army Med. Corps 39 378 Monckton Copeman investigated a variolous-like outbreak in Norfolk and Suffolk in 1919.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	variolous
释义	variolousadj. Brit. /vəˈrʌɪələs/, U.S. /vəˈraɪələs/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: variola n., -ous suffix. Etymology: < variola n. + -ous suffix, after post-classical Latin variolosus infected with variola (1524 or earlier; earlier as noun, denoting a person suffering from variola (14th cent. in a British source)), of, relating to, or characteristic of variola (1618 or earlier), of the nature of variola (although this is apparently first attested later than in English: 1694 or earlier), (in entomology) covered with punctures (1789 in the passage translated in quot. 1800 at sense 2, or earlier). Compare French †véroleux (1611), Old Occitan vayrolos (end of the 15th cent.), both in sense ‘pockmarked’. 1. Medicine. a. Infected with variola (smallpox). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [adjective] > affected with smallpox pockishc1567 variolous1668 smallpoxed1734 1668 T. Sydenham Let. Boyle 2 Apr. in R. Boyle Wks. (1744) V. 639/2 In visiting..many of my variolous patients. 1752 C. Perry Seasonable Thoughts & Advices Inoculation 33 Those Vapours, or Effluvia, which exhale from the Body of a variolous Person, are more subtile and volatile, than the gross Matter made Use of in Inoculation. c1792 Encycl. Brit. IX. 245/2 Inoculation with the blood of variolous patients hath been tried without effect. 1804 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 12 184 Variolous patients. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 207 It is..exceptional to find that the children born of variolous mothers..have had small-pox in uterus. 1916 J. C. Edgar Pract. Obstetr. (ed. 5) iii. vii. 238 This is the commonest termination of pregnancy in a variolous woman. b. Of, relating to, or characteristic of variola. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [adjective] > affected with smallpox > of nature of or resembling variolous1676 variolic1753 varioliform1801 variolar1808 varioloid1818 1676 C. Goodall Colledge of Physicians Vindicated 177 His second indication is taken, from the time of the expulsion of the variolous pustles, into the habit of body. 1734 J. Rogers Ess. Epidemic Dis. vii. 131 With regard to the worst Kind of Small-Pox; we have not only to deal with Abscesses of the most un-toward Disposition; but also a Fever kept up at the same Time by the remains of the Variolous Contagion, attended with the most dangerous Symptoms. 1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 235 From the Dissections of those who have died of the Small-Pox, we find that the Viscera are subject to the variolous Abscesses. 1780 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 139 She was delivered of a child, as full of variolous pustules as herself. 1798 E. Jenner Inq. Causes & Effects Variolæ Vaccinæ 50 It is singular to observe that the Cow-pox virus, although it renders the constitution unsusceptible of the variolous, should, nevertheless, leave it unchanged with respect to its own action. 1827 T. De Quincey Last Days Kant in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 140/2 He thought, that, as a guarantee against the variolous infection, it required a much longer probation. a1836 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VII. 754/2 When a person has been inoculated with a mixture of the variolous and vaccine poisons. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 639 In these respects its evolution is not unlike that of a variolous or vaccine vesicle. 1922 Jrnl. Royal Army Med. Corps 39 378 In the Australian disease the typical variolous odour was noticed in the severest cases. 1962 Postgraduate Med. Jrnl. 38 140/2 In the five cases not seen the epidemiological data strongly suggested a variolous ætiology. 2000 M. A. Dreese 151st Pennsylvania Volunteers Gettysburg vi. 105/1 At the time of his death, Morrison's body was extremely emaciated and the skin marked with variolous scars. c. Resembling or similar to variola; of the nature of variola. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > smallpox pock1296 variole?a1425 pox1476 small-pockc1510 smallpox?1562 variola1593 little pox?a1649 variolous1676 discrete smallpox1684 varioloid1820 varicelloid1873 variola major1902 whitepox1911 variola minor1925 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 569 The third Epidemical Constitution..was that of the Small-pocks, and of a Variolous Feaver, resembling..the Smal-pocks. 1696 G. Harvey Treat. Small-pox & Measles (new ed.) 98 A malignant variolous Fever is incurable, and very suddenly mortal. c1792 Encycl. Brit. IX. 245/2 The variolous matter only produces the variolous disease. 1843 Lancet 11 Feb. 698/2 As in the other forms of variolous disease, the development of the eruption is attended with considerable itching. 1890 Lancet 30 Aug. 466/2 In the section devoted to the variolous diseases of the domesticated animals I enumerated all these eruptions. 1925 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 38 110 The owner of the bird lived at a building which was formerly an isolation hospital for variolous diseases. †2. Chiefly Entomology. Of the surface texture of an insect, shell, etc.: covered with varioles (punctures). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [adjective] > of marking or colouring > having many varioles variolous1800 1800 W. Turton tr. C. Linnaeus Gen. Syst. Nature II. 42 Shield 2-toothed: thorax rough: shells variolous [L. elytris variolosis]. 1825 Encycl. Londinensis XX. 446/1 Pimelia serrata: thorax variolous, shells with three raised lines; the interstices are rugged, and the legs long. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 270 Variolous (Variolosa), beset with many varioles. Compounds variolous matter n. [after post-classical Latin materia variolosa (1660 or earlier)] now historical the fluid present in a vesicle or pustule of variola, esp. as used for variolation. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > vaccine or antiserum > [noun] > vaccine > of cowpox or smallpox variolous matter1676 vaccine lymph1799 lymph1800 vaccine1800 humanized lymph1839 pock-lymph1876 calf-lymph1884 1676 C. Goodall Colledge of Physicians Vindicated 177 The latter impeding or hindering the due expulsion of the variolous matter. 1701 J. Pechey tr. T. Sydenham Whole Wks. (ed. 3) vi. 271 But the most profuse Eruption of the Pustles, as I conjecture, arises from too hasty an Accumulation of the variolous Matter. 1730 W. Douglass Pract. Ess. Conc. Smallpox 89 Perhaps it is more infecting than in the common Way, because after the Small Pox Confinement is over the inoculated Walk about, and carry with them a Sort of ambulatory Infection, their Incisions continuing to run a Sort of variolous Matter. 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 22 I immediately inoculated the whole party with the most virulent variolous matter I could procure. 1926 Lancet 23 Jan. 191/1 The method in vogue in Palestine is to puncture the skin with a thorn through variolous matter spread on the surface. 2011 C. Tatz in S. Totten & R. K. Hitchcock Genocide Indigenous Peoples iv. 89 It is not feasible that the first fleet of soldiers and settlers, arriving in 1788..could conceive of extermination by deliberately inflicting ‘variolous matter’ on the native people. Derivatives vaˈriolous-like adj. now rare or disused varioloid, varioliform. ΚΠ 1800 W. Woodville Observ. Cow-pox 17 Dr. Jenner does not believe that variolous-like pustules have ever been produced by the pure uncontaminated Cow-pock virus. 1838 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 6 487 He frankly communicated to Jenner the supposed effects (variolous-like eruptions) which had appeared. 1922 Jrnl. Royal Army Med. Corps 39 378 Monckton Copeman investigated a variolous-like outbreak in Norfolk and Suffolk in 1919. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1668
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