vairn.

Brit.

/vɛː/, U.S.

/vɛ(ə)r/

Forms: Middle English veir, veire, veyr, veyre, Middle English feyre; Middle English, 1500s–1700s vaire, Middle English, 1700s– vair, Scottish wayre, 1600s vayre, 1800s dialect vare, fare, viare, etc.

Etymology: < Old French vair, veir (also nominative vairs) < Latin varium, accusative singular masculine of varius parti-coloured. Compare medieval Latin varius, also vairus, vayrus, veyrus ( < Old French), and vajus (from Italian vajo), in the same sense.

1. A fur obtained from a variety of squirrel with grey back and white belly, much used in the 13th and 14th centuries as a trimming or lining for garments. See miniver n. Now only archaic.Cotgrave's definition of French vair as ‘a rich furre of Ermines powdered thicke with blue haires’ probably refers to the silver-grey winter coat of the animal, and not the white belly fur.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of squirrel

strandlingc1299

vaira1300

miniverc1300

calaber1362

pured miniver1379

purray1429

pured?1435

squirrel1436

pople1493

pure1512

amice1548

squirrel1827

a1300 Cursor Mundi 25466 Nu ask i noþer gra ne grene,..Ne purperpall, nee pride o pane, Ne riche robe wit veir and grise.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 11194 Manteles..Of meneuer, stranlyng, veyr, & gris.

c1382 Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 265 For somme vaire, and somme gryse,..In bagges about thai bere.

c1480 (a1400) St. James Less 764 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 172 Furryt wele in wayre & grece.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iv. 159 If pall and vair no more I wear.1818 A. Ranken Hist. France IV. 377 It was ordained, a.d. 1294,..that no ecclesiastic, but dignified clergymen, should wear vair, gray, or ermine, excepting [etc.].1865 A. C. Swinburne Laus Veneris in Poems & Ballads 266 Each man's hair Crowned with green leaves beneath white hoods of vair.

2. A weasel or stoat. Now dialect.Probably due to an early misunderstanding as to the source of the fur.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mustela (weasel)

weaselc725

vaira1387

foin1423

whitretc1440

mouse-hunt1481

mustelle1481

fitchet1693

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mustela (weasel) > mustela erminea (stoat)

erminea1200

vaira1387

whitretc1440

stoatc1460

lobstera1496

ermelin1555

lasset-mouse1591

weasel1607

stump1854

stoat-weasel1882

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 335 Þere beeþ veyres [L. mustelas: Caxton feyres] litel of body and ful hardy and strong.

1832 T. Johnes Let. in A. E. Bray Descr. Part Devonshire (1836) I. xix. 342 The stoat, vair, or vairy, is the commonest of the weasel tribe.

3. Heraldry. One of the heraldic furs, represented by bell- or cup-shaped spaces of two (or more) tinctures, usually azure and argent, disposed alternately (in imitation of small skins arranged in a similar manner and sewn together). vair cuppa or tassy (see quot. c1828 and vairy adj. 1b). vair-en-pal, vair-en-point (see quot. 1766). Cf. also countervair n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > fur > rows of blue and white bells or cups

vair1562

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > fur > rows of blue and white bells or cups > specific

vairy-cuppy1610

vair-en-pal1766

vair cuppa or tassyc1828

1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory 132 The ninthe and last [doubling] of all, is called Vaire, which is of al coloures except these two before rehersed [i.e. azure and vert]. It may be also of three sondry colours, which..colours must be tolde as this is blazed.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie i. iv. 15 If you obserue the proportion of this vaire, you shall easily discerne the very shape of the case or skinne of little beasts, in them.

1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xiii. 169 Quarterly Gules and Vaire.

1637 W. Camden Remaines (ed. 5) 209 Hubert de Burgo,..who bare for his Armes in a Shield, Gules seven Lozenges vaire, 3, 3, 1.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Furr The Heralds use two Metals, five Colours, and two Furrs, or hairy Skins, Ermin and Vaire.

1766 M. A. Porny Elem. Heraldry (1777) iii. 27 Vair-en-point or Vair-en-pal, is said when the point of a Vair is opposite to the Base of another.

1816 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 223 A fesse between two chevrons Vaire.

c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Vair cuppa, or Vair Tassy, is..by most writers upon heraldry, considered a kind of fur, and shaped in the form of cups or goblets by divisions potent counter-potent.

1864 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 3) iv. 20 Vair, Counter Vair,..are always Argent and Azure, unless other tinctures are named in the blazon.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† vairadj.

Forms: In Middle English wayre, wa(i)re.

Etymology: < Old French vair, veir < Latin varium : see vair n. and vary adj.

Obsolete. rare. Scottish.

Varied or variegated in colour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > variegation > [adjective]

fawa700

medleyc1350

freckledc1380

motleyc1380

pied1382

specked1382

vary1382

partyc1385

parted1393

peckleda1400

polymitec1425

sere-colouredc1425

vairc1425

discoloured?1440

motleyed1447

varying1488

sheld1507

fleckered1508

piet1508

mellay1515

particoloured1530

pickled1552

varied1578

mingled1580

partly coloured1582

chequered1592

medley-coloured1593

mingle-coloured1593

piebald1594

feathered1610

changeable1612

particolour1612

enamelled1613

variousa1618

pie-coloured1619

jaspered1620

gangean1623

versicolour1628

patchwork1634

damasked1648

variously-coloureda1660

variegateda1661

agated1665

varicoloured1665

damaska1674

various-coloureda1711

pieted1721

versicoloured1721

diversicoloured1756

mosaic1776

harlequin1779

spanged1788

calico1807

piety1811

varied-coloured1811

discolorate1826

heterochromous1842

jaspé1851

discolor1859

discolorous1860

jasperoid1876

damascened1879

heterochromatic1895

variotinted1903

batik1914

varihued1921

rumbled1930

damasky1931

pepper-and-salt1940

partihued1959

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 217 The brukyd bestys and the wayre [v.r. ware, waire] he gert depart fra quhyt & fayre.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	vair
释义	vairn. Brit. /vɛː/, U.S. /vɛ(ə)r/ Forms: Middle English veir, veire, veyr, veyre, Middle English feyre; Middle English, 1500s–1700s vaire, Middle English, 1700s– vair, Scottish wayre, 1600s vayre, 1800s dialect vare, fare, viare, etc. Etymology: < Old French vair, veir (also nominative vairs) < Latin varium, accusative singular masculine of varius parti-coloured. Compare medieval Latin varius, also vairus, vayrus, veyrus ( < Old French), and vajus (from Italian vajo), in the same sense. 1. A fur obtained from a variety of squirrel with grey back and white belly, much used in the 13th and 14th centuries as a trimming or lining for garments. See miniver n. Now only archaic.Cotgrave's definition of French vair as ‘a rich furre of Ermines powdered thicke with blue haires’ probably refers to the silver-grey winter coat of the animal, and not the white belly fur. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of squirrel strandlingc1299 vaira1300 miniverc1300 calaber1362 pured miniver1379 purray1429 pured?1435 squirrel1436 pople1493 pure1512 amice1548 squirrel1827 a1300 Cursor Mundi 25466 Nu ask i noþer gra ne grene,..Ne purperpall, nee pride o pane, Ne riche robe wit veir and grise. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 11194 Manteles..Of meneuer, stranlyng, veyr, & gris. c1382 Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 265 For somme vaire, and somme gryse,..In bagges about thai bere. c1480 (a1400) St. James Less 764 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 172 Furryt wele in wayre & grece. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iv. 159 If pall and vair no more I wear.1818 A. Ranken Hist. France IV. 377 It was ordained, a.d. 1294,..that no ecclesiastic, but dignified clergymen, should wear vair, gray, or ermine, excepting [etc.].1865 A. C. Swinburne Laus Veneris in Poems & Ballads 266 Each man's hair Crowned with green leaves beneath white hoods of vair. 2. A weasel or stoat. Now dialect.Probably due to an early misunderstanding as to the source of the fur. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mustela (weasel) weaselc725 vaira1387 foin1423 whitretc1440 mouse-hunt1481 mustelle1481 fitchet1693 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Mustela (weasel) > mustela erminea (stoat) erminea1200 vaira1387 whitretc1440 stoatc1460 lobstera1496 ermelin1555 lasset-mouse1591 weasel1607 stump1854 stoat-weasel1882 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 335 Þere beeþ veyres [L. mustelas: Caxton feyres] litel of body and ful hardy and strong. 1832 T. Johnes Let. in A. E. Bray Descr. Part Devonshire (1836) I. xix. 342 The stoat, vair, or vairy, is the commonest of the weasel tribe. 3. Heraldry. One of the heraldic furs, represented by bell- or cup-shaped spaces of two (or more) tinctures, usually azure and argent, disposed alternately (in imitation of small skins arranged in a similar manner and sewn together). vair cuppa or tassy (see quot. c1828 and vairy adj. 1b). vair-en-pal, vair-en-point (see quot. 1766). Cf. also countervair n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > fur > rows of blue and white bells or cups vair1562 society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic tincture > [noun] > fur > rows of blue and white bells or cups > specific vairy-cuppy1610 vair-en-pal1766 vair cuppa or tassyc1828 1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory 132 The ninthe and last [doubling] of all, is called Vaire, which is of al coloures except these two before rehersed [i.e. azure and vert]. It may be also of three sondry colours, which..colours must be tolde as this is blazed. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie i. iv. 15 If you obserue the proportion of this vaire, you shall easily discerne the very shape of the case or skinne of little beasts, in them. 1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman xiii. 169 Quarterly Gules and Vaire. 1637 W. Camden Remaines (ed. 5) 209 Hubert de Burgo,..who bare for his Armes in a Shield, Gules seven Lozenges vaire, 3, 3, 1. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Furr The Heralds use two Metals, five Colours, and two Furrs, or hairy Skins, Ermin and Vaire. 1766 M. A. Porny Elem. Heraldry (1777) iii. 27 Vair-en-point or Vair-en-pal, is said when the point of a Vair is opposite to the Base of another. 1816 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 223 A fesse between two chevrons Vaire. c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Vair cuppa, or Vair Tassy, is..by most writers upon heraldry, considered a kind of fur, and shaped in the form of cups or goblets by divisions potent counter-potent. 1864 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 3) iv. 20 Vair, Counter Vair,..are always Argent and Azure, unless other tinctures are named in the blazon. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † vairadj. Forms: In Middle English wayre, wa(i)re. Etymology: < Old French vair, veir < Latin varium : see vair n. and vary adj. Obsolete. rare. Scottish. Varied or variegated in colour. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > [adjective] fawa700 medleyc1350 freckledc1380 motleyc1380 pied1382 specked1382 vary1382 partyc1385 parted1393 peckleda1400 polymitec1425 sere-colouredc1425 vairc1425 discoloured?1440 motleyed1447 varying1488 sheld1507 fleckered1508 piet1508 mellay1515 particoloured1530 pickled1552 varied1578 mingled1580 partly coloured1582 chequered1592 medley-coloured1593 mingle-coloured1593 piebald1594 feathered1610 changeable1612 particolour1612 enamelled1613 variousa1618 pie-coloured1619 jaspered1620 gangean1623 versicolour1628 patchwork1634 damasked1648 variously-coloureda1660 variegateda1661 agated1665 varicoloured1665 damaska1674 various-coloureda1711 pieted1721 versicoloured1721 diversicoloured1756 mosaic1776 harlequin1779 spanged1788 calico1807 piety1811 varied-coloured1811 discolorate1826 heterochromous1842 jaspé1851 discolor1859 discolorous1860 jasperoid1876 damascened1879 heterochromatic1895 variotinted1903 batik1914 varihued1921 rumbled1930 damasky1931 pepper-and-salt1940 partihued1959 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 217 The brukyd bestys and the wayre [v.r. ware, waire] he gert depart fra quhyt & fayre. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.a1300adj.c1425
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