usuryn.

Brit.

/ˈjuːʒ(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˈjuʒ(ə)ri/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s vsurye, Middle English–1500s usurye, 1600s usurie, Middle English–1600s vsury, vsurie, 1500s vsuree, Middle English– usury. β. Middle English vsery(e, Middle English, 1500s vserie, 1500s–1600s usery.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman *usurie, < medieval Latin ūsūria , < Latin ūsus , past participle of ūtī to use. Compare usure n.

1. The fact or practice of lending money at interest; esp. in later use, the practice of charging, taking, or contracting to receive, excessive or illegal rates of interest for money on loan.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest

ocker?c1225

gavellingc1250

usury1303

usurea1325

lendinga1340

ockeringa1400

usea1450

usance1539

feneration1598

gombeen1862

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2417 To whom þat vsery ys lefe, Gostely he ys a þefe.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. ii. 175 Lat sadel hem with siluer owre synne to suffre, As auoutrie..and derne vsurye.

c1445 R. Pecock Donet 68 Siþen in vseri þe leener..compelliþ þe borewer to..paie a summe of his owne good bisidis þe summe borewid.

1487 Act 3 Hen. VI c. 6 That all unlefull Chevysaunces and Usurye be dampned, and none to be used, upon payne [etc.].

?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biiij Some lyve by rapyne,..and some in vsury.

1595 M. Mosse (title) Arraignment and Conviction of Vsurie. That is, the Iniquitie, and Vnlawfulnes of Vsurie, displayed in sixe Sermons.

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 33 The Christian Magistrate permits usury.

1663 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) II. 195 I hate this rack-renting; 'tis worse than usury.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 114. ⁋1 His Estate is dipped, and is eating out with Usury.

1754 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. II. iv. ii. 443 The crime of usury..may, by special statute, be proved by the usurer's oath.

1787 J. Bentham Def. Usury ii. 7 I know of but two definitions that can possibly be given of usury: one is, the taking of a greater interest than the law allows of... The other is the taking of a greater interest than it is usual for men to give and take.

1801 Farmer's Mag. Aug. 338 The criminality of usury..[consists] in exacting more than the usual rate of the market.

1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xiv. 87 The statutes against usury..are repealed, so that you may take for your money whatever amount of interest you can get.

Personif.c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 644 Pety capteyns.., As..Vsury, Periury, Ly, and Adulacion.c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 172 Usurye lyethe fetrede in dystresse.1606 T. Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes London ii. sig. C4^v Thou doest likewise Lye with Vsury.1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 28 O vsurie.., how much haue we Occasion to proscribe thee from our land.attributive.1813 (title) A Treatise on the Usury Laws with Disquisitions on the Arguments adduced against them by Bentham.

a. Premium or interest on money (or goods) given or received on loan; †gain made by lending money. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > interest

gavela700

usure1338

usuryc1450

interess1529

interest1545

fenory1572

usance1584

use1595

advantage1600

excess1600

interest-money1618

premium1669

service1817

usage1822

vigorish1935

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > profit > [noun] > profit made by moneylender

exchange1552

usury1567

procreatea1690

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 472 Þer was ane vsurar þat wolde neuer restore his vsurie agayn.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 338^v With increase of dowble vsurie.

1567 Termes Laws (1579) 184/1 Vsurie is a gayne of any thing aboue the principal, or that which was lent, exacted onely in consideration of the loane, whether it be of corne, meat,..or such like, as money.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 262 Albeit the Vsurie was well eased by bringing it downe from twelve to one.

1621 T. Culpeper Tract against Usurie 8 For Vsury going at ten in the hundred, if a man borrow fiue pounds [etc.].

1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 25 The rate of Usury is the measure by which all men Trade..or any other ways bargain.

1729 B. Franklin Modest Enq. 31 This may bring down the common Usury..to the Pitch it is determined at by Law.

1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires i. ii. 14 (note) The Laws allowed an Usury..which doubled the capital Sum in an hundred Months.

b. figurative and in figurative context. Frequently with usury.

ΚΠ

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Pet. i. f. ii That you may waxe riche in the encreasing vsury of good workes, more and more.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H^v Behold what ye this day haue done for mee, And what I cannot quite, requite with vsuree.

1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. A3^v Of good passed newly to discus, By dubble vsurie doth twise renew it.

1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei Haste therefore,..and call, Away: The gentle Night is prest to pay The vsurie of long Delights, She owes to these protracted Rites.

1661 G. Rust Let. conc. Origen 66 What is it then..which they may not have with usury and advantage in a body of purer Consistence?

1695 Pepys in Academy (1890) 9 Aug. 111/1 I repay you with usury yo^r kinde Wishes.

1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 342 The motive of taking Siga has been accomplish'd with usury.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 48. ⁋10 [He] must not only pay back the hours but pay them back with usury.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 117 Learning paid back what it received..with usury .

1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab iv. 55 They have three words:—well tyrants know their use, Well pay them for the loan, with usury.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Talking Oak xlix, in Poems (new ed.) II. 76 I would have paid her kiss for kiss With usury thereto.

c. In the phrases at, to, on, upon usury.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [adverb] > at interest

at, to, on, upon usurya1400

to use1598

upon usea1607

at use1609

on rent1609

a1400 Prose Psalter (Dublin) xiv. 6 He þat ȝaf mony to vsurye ne toke noȝt ȝiftes vp on innocentes.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxiii. 20 Vnto a straunger thou maiest lende vpon vsury.

1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 62 Lett me borrow them both upon tolerable usurye.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 283 That it might not be lawfull for those to borrow upon usurie.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. viii. 35 Taking mony at usurie, for the present payment of interest.

1702 Eng. Theophrastus 332 'Tis lending on Usury, under the pretence of giving freely.

1844 tr. M. T. Asmar Mem. Babylonian Princess II. 105 If I put it [sc. corn] at usury, shall not my bones howl from my grave.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 17 The man who does not..lend his capital upon ‘usury’ is.. lacking in his duty to himself or his family.

†3. plural. Instances or kinds of usury. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > instance of

usurea1325

usuries1603

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 284 Their rootes of debts..bring foorth infinite troubles and intolerable usuries.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iii. 45 Did you but know the Citties Vsuries, And felt them knowingly.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 275 Since of two vsuries the merriest was put downe, and the worser allow'd by order of Law.

†4. transferred. Increase, augmentation; advantage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > resulting from something

goodeOE

fruitc1230

profit1340

usury1576

the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun]

waxingc1055

increasingc1340

increasec1374

echinga1382

creasing1398

augmentinga1400

alarginga1425

moringa1425

augmentc1425

incrementc1425

creasec1440

increasement1509

enlarginga1513

enlargement1564

amplification1569

accession1570

usury1576

enhancement1577

growth1587

creasement1592

accrease1598

crescence1602

improvement1607

excrement1608

majoration1626

heightening1629

auction1692

turgescence1806

outgrowth1837

steepening1868

prolating1919

upgrading1920

1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 352 Howe bountifull a seruitour is the earthe, to the husbandeman? what vsurie doeth it pay for that which it borroweth?

1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 71 Diuine we hence, or rather reckon right, What vsury and proffit doth arise, By keeping well these..creatures white.

1613 T. Heywood Siluer Age iii. sig. G3 With full sickles You shall receiue the vsury of their seeds.

1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον 31 The profitable usurie arising from agriculture.

†5. The use or employment of anything. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun]

bihofthc1175

use?c1225

usinga1340

notingc1400

usage?c1400

occupationa1425

employment1437

employing1459

usancec1475

occupying1535

trade1552

wear1571

usury1607

adoperation1608

use-making1608

improvement1620

employ1677

exploiting1842

utilization1847

nuse1848

utilizing1864

1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. iv. sig. H3 To prostitute my brest to the Dukes sonne: And put my selfe to common Vsury.

1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. 127 That thou mightest inioy the usury of this aire but for the time.

Derivatives

† ˈusury v. Obsolete (transitive) to give out (favours), with a view to advantageous return.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give expecting a return

usury1654

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 368 We usury out, not bestow our Favours, each Curtesie being a Designe not so much of doing, as receiving good, with unconscionable Advantage.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	usury
释义	usuryn. Brit. /ˈjuːʒ(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈjuʒ(ə)ri/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s vsurye, Middle English–1500s usurye, 1600s usurie, Middle English–1600s vsury, vsurie, 1500s vsuree, Middle English– usury. β. Middle English vsery(e, Middle English, 1500s vserie, 1500s–1600s usery. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman usurie, < medieval Latin ūsūria* , < Latin ūsus , past participle of ūtī to use. Compare usure n. 1. The fact or practice of lending money at interest; esp. in later use, the practice of charging, taking, or contracting to receive, excessive or illegal rates of interest for money on loan. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest ocker?c1225 gavellingc1250 usury1303 usurea1325 lendinga1340 ockeringa1400 usea1450 usance1539 feneration1598 gombeen1862 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2417 To whom þat vsery ys lefe, Gostely he ys a þefe. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. ii. 175 Lat sadel hem with siluer owre synne to suffre, As auoutrie..and derne vsurye. c1445 R. Pecock Donet 68 Siþen in vseri þe leener..compelliþ þe borewer to..paie a summe of his owne good bisidis þe summe borewid. 1487 Act 3 Hen. VI c. 6 That all unlefull Chevysaunces and Usurye be dampned, and none to be used, upon payne [etc.]. ?1518 A. Barclay Fyfte Eglog sig. Biiij Some lyve by rapyne,..and some in vsury. 1595 M. Mosse (title) Arraignment and Conviction of Vsurie. That is, the Iniquitie, and Vnlawfulnes of Vsurie, displayed in sixe Sermons. 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 33 The Christian Magistrate permits usury. 1663 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) II. 195 I hate this rack-renting; 'tis worse than usury. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 114. ⁋1 His Estate is dipped, and is eating out with Usury. 1754 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. II. iv. ii. 443 The crime of usury..may, by special statute, be proved by the usurer's oath. 1787 J. Bentham Def. Usury ii. 7 I know of but two definitions that can possibly be given of usury: one is, the taking of a greater interest than the law allows of... The other is the taking of a greater interest than it is usual for men to give and take. 1801 Farmer's Mag. Aug. 338 The criminality of usury..[consists] in exacting more than the usual rate of the market. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xiv. 87 The statutes against usury..are repealed, so that you may take for your money whatever amount of interest you can get. Personif.c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 644 Pety capteyns.., As..Vsury, Periury, Ly, and Adulacion.c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 172 Usurye lyethe fetrede in dystresse.1606 T. Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes London ii. sig. C4^v Thou doest likewise Lye with Vsury.1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 28 O vsurie.., how much haue we Occasion to proscribe thee from our land.attributive.1813 (title) A Treatise on the Usury Laws with Disquisitions on the Arguments adduced against them by Bentham. 2. a. Premium or interest on money (or goods) given or received on loan; †gain made by lending money. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > interest gavela700 usure1338 usuryc1450 interess1529 interest1545 fenory1572 usance1584 use1595 advantage1600 excess1600 interest-money1618 premium1669 service1817 usage1822 vigorish1935 society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > profit > [noun] > profit made by moneylender exchange1552 usury1567 procreatea1690 c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 472 Þer was ane vsurar þat wolde neuer restore his vsurie agayn. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 338^v With increase of dowble vsurie. 1567 Termes Laws (1579) 184/1 Vsurie is a gayne of any thing aboue the principal, or that which was lent, exacted onely in consideration of the loane, whether it be of corne, meat,..or such like, as money. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 262 Albeit the Vsurie was well eased by bringing it downe from twelve to one. 1621 T. Culpeper Tract against Usurie 8 For Vsury going at ten in the hundred, if a man borrow fiue pounds [etc.]. 1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 25 The rate of Usury is the measure by which all men Trade..or any other ways bargain. 1729 B. Franklin Modest Enq. 31 This may bring down the common Usury..to the Pitch it is determined at by Law. 1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires i. ii. 14 (note) The Laws allowed an Usury..which doubled the capital Sum in an hundred Months. b. figurative and in figurative context. Frequently with usury. ΚΠ 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Pet. i. f. ii That you may waxe riche in the encreasing vsury of good workes, more and more. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H^v Behold what ye this day haue done for mee, And what I cannot quite, requite with vsuree. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. A3^v Of good passed newly to discus, By dubble vsurie doth twise renew it. 1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei Haste therefore,..and call, Away: The gentle Night is prest to pay The vsurie of long Delights, She owes to these protracted Rites. 1661 G. Rust Let. conc. Origen 66 What is it then..which they may not have with usury and advantage in a body of purer Consistence? 1695 Pepys in Academy (1890) 9 Aug. 111/1 I repay you with usury yo^r kinde Wishes. 1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 342 The motive of taking Siga has been accomplish'd with usury. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 48. ⁋10 [He] must not only pay back the hours but pay them back with usury. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 117 Learning paid back what it received..with usury . View more context for this quotation 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab iv. 55 They have three words:—well tyrants know their use, Well pay them for the loan, with usury. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Talking Oak xlix, in Poems (new ed.) II. 76 I would have paid her kiss for kiss With usury thereto. c. In the phrases at, to, on, upon usury. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [adverb] > at interest at, to, on, upon usurya1400 to use1598 upon usea1607 at use1609 on rent1609 a1400 Prose Psalter (Dublin) xiv. 6 He þat ȝaf mony to vsurye ne toke noȝt ȝiftes vp on innocentes. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxiii. 20 Vnto a straunger thou maiest lende vpon vsury. 1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 62 Lett me borrow them both upon tolerable usurye. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 283 That it might not be lawfull for those to borrow upon usurie. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. viii. 35 Taking mony at usurie, for the present payment of interest. 1702 Eng. Theophrastus 332 'Tis lending on Usury, under the pretence of giving freely. 1844 tr. M. T. Asmar Mem. Babylonian Princess II. 105 If I put it [sc. corn] at usury, shall not my bones howl from my grave. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 17 The man who does not..lend his capital upon ‘usury’ is.. lacking in his duty to himself or his family. †3. plural. Instances or kinds of usury. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > instance of usurea1325 usuries1603 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 284 Their rootes of debts..bring foorth infinite troubles and intolerable usuries. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iii. 45 Did you but know the Citties Vsuries, And felt them knowingly. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 275 Since of two vsuries the merriest was put downe, and the worser allow'd by order of Law. View more context for this quotation †4. transferred. Increase, augmentation; advantage. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > resulting from something goodeOE fruitc1230 profit1340 usury1576 the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] waxingc1055 increasingc1340 increasec1374 echinga1382 creasing1398 augmentinga1400 alarginga1425 moringa1425 augmentc1425 incrementc1425 creasec1440 increasement1509 enlarginga1513 enlargement1564 amplification1569 accession1570 usury1576 enhancement1577 growth1587 creasement1592 accrease1598 crescence1602 improvement1607 excrement1608 majoration1626 heightening1629 auction1692 turgescence1806 outgrowth1837 steepening1868 prolating1919 upgrading1920 1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 352 Howe bountifull a seruitour is the earthe, to the husbandeman? what vsurie doeth it pay for that which it borroweth? 1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 71 Diuine we hence, or rather reckon right, What vsury and proffit doth arise, By keeping well these..creatures white. 1613 T. Heywood Siluer Age iii. sig. G3 With full sickles You shall receiue the vsury of their seeds. 1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον 31 The profitable usurie arising from agriculture. †5. The use or employment of anything. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] bihofthc1175 use?c1225 usinga1340 notingc1400 usage?c1400 occupationa1425 employment1437 employing1459 usancec1475 occupying1535 trade1552 wear1571 usury1607 adoperation1608 use-making1608 improvement1620 employ1677 exploiting1842 utilization1847 nuse1848 utilizing1864 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. iv. sig. H3 To prostitute my brest to the Dukes sonne: And put my selfe to common Vsury. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. 127 That thou mightest inioy the usury of this aire but for the time. Derivatives † ˈusury v. Obsolete (transitive) to give out (favours), with a view to advantageous return. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give expecting a return usury1654 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 368 We usury out, not bestow our Favours, each Curtesie being a Designe not so much of doing, as receiving good, with unconscionable Advantage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1926; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1303
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