univalentadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌjuːnɪˈveɪlənt/,

/ˌjuːnɪˈveɪln̩t/,

/juːˈnɪvələnt/,

/juːˈnɪvəln̩t/, U.S.

/ˌjunəˈveɪlənt/

Etymology: < uni- comb. form + Latin valent-em, present participle of valēre to be worth.

Chemistry.

A. adj.

1. Having a valency of one; having the combining power of one atom of hydrogen or other radical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > valency > [adjective] > having a valency of one

monatomic1848

monad1866

monodynamic1867

univalent1869

monovalent1871

monadic1877

1869 Eng. Mech. 19 Nov. 222/1 A univalent body can only join its single atom to a single atom of a univalent body.

1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 243 Chlorine is univalent in argentic chloride.

1893 19th Cent. Aug. 249 Each atom of potassium..is univalent, and has the same valency as one atom of hydrogen.

2. Cytology.

/juːˈnɪvələnt/. [ < modern Latin univalens (introduced in German by O. Hertwig 1890, in Arch. f. mikrosk. Anat. XXXVI. 6).] Of a chromosome: remaining unpaired during meiosis. Cf. monovalent adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > chromosomes in respect of meiosis

non-homologous1883

quadrivalent1898

univalent1898

bivalent1899

plurivalent1901

homologous1903

heterotropic1905

monovalent1906

heteromorphic1917

homomorphic1917

trivalent1921

multivalent1929

sexivalent1931

nullisomic1932

quinquevalent1935

1898 Zool. Jahrbücher: Anat. 12 79 The chromosomes of the 1st reduction division are univalent, when they occur in the normal number.

1916 Jrnl. Morphol. 27 226 I believe he [sc. Haecker] is wrong in thinking that the ‘univalent’ chromosomes making up these ‘bivalents’ are to be considered as members of homologous chromosome pairs.

1971 Nature 19 Feb. 570/2 Many authors have reported that the behaviour of univalent chromosomes at meiosis is irregular.

1981 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 88 281 During meiosis I in males of the mole cricket Neocurtilla (Gryllotalpa) hexadactyla, the univalent X₁ chromosome and the heteromorphic X₂Y chromosome pair segregate nonrandomly.

3. Immunology. = monovalent adj. 3b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [adjective] > valency of

polyvalent1912

multivalent1934

univalent1939

monovalent1960

the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > antibody > [adjective] > valency of

polyvalent1912

multivalent1934

univalent1939

monovalent1960

1939 Bacteriol. Rev. III. 76 If Hooker and Boyd now believe antibody to be univalent they must abandon the entire basis for these and other of their calculations.

1940 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 71 271 Antibody is referred to as low grade, incomplete, imperfect, or ‘univalent’ in instances in which it is incapable by itself of precipitating with added antigen.

1977 M. W. Steward in Glynn & Steward Immunochemistry vii. 245 There are several reports which show the reduction in neutralization of both animal viruses..and bacteriophages..when univalent antibodies have been used.

B. n.

Cytology.

/juːˈnɪvələnt/. A univalent chromosome.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome

chromoplastid1885

accessory chromosome1899

chromoplast1902

X1902

heterochromosome1904

idiochromosome1905

macrochromosome1905

allosome1906

autosome1906

monosome1906

sex chromosome1906

supernumerary1907

X chromosome1911

Y chromosome1911

univalent1912

euchromosome1914

W1917

monosome1921

tetrasome1921

trisome1921

heterosome1938

isochromosome1939

trisomic1939

metacentric1945

acrocentric1949

polycentric1953

Philadelphia chromosome1961

monocentric1979

1912 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 13 350 In the first division the X- and Y-chromosomes divide as separate univalents.

1921 Ann. Bot. 35 173 These chromosomes were of two types, as revealed during meiosis, fourteen being bivalents and twenty-one univalents.

1971 Nature 19 Feb. 570/2 In the triploid species Leucopogon juniperinus univalents are close to the poles at metaphase, but..they are not in the same plane as the spindle on which the bivalents are positioned.

Derivatives

univalence n. ⓘ

ΚΠ

1865 N. S. Maskelyne in C. B. Mansfield Theory of Salts p. xxii The tide of opinion ran deep and strong in favour of the univalence..of so large a number of the metals.

univalency n. ⓘ

ΚΠ

1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 47 608 The invariable univalency of the hydrogen-atom seems of itself sufficient to negative this supposition.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	univalent
释义	univalentadj.n. Brit. /ˌjuːnɪˈveɪlənt/, /ˌjuːnɪˈveɪln̩t/, /juːˈnɪvələnt/, /juːˈnɪvəln̩t/, U.S. /ˌjunəˈveɪlənt/ Etymology: < uni- comb. form + Latin valent-em, present participle of valēre to be worth. Chemistry. A. adj. 1. Having a valency of one; having the combining power of one atom of hydrogen or other radical. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > valency > [adjective] > having a valency of one monatomic1848 monad1866 monodynamic1867 univalent1869 monovalent1871 monadic1877 1869 Eng. Mech. 19 Nov. 222/1 A univalent body can only join its single atom to a single atom of a univalent body. 1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 243 Chlorine is univalent in argentic chloride. 1893 19th Cent. Aug. 249 Each atom of potassium..is univalent, and has the same valency as one atom of hydrogen. 2. Cytology. /juːˈnɪvələnt/. [ < modern Latin univalens (introduced in German by O. Hertwig 1890, in Arch. f. mikrosk. Anat. XXXVI. 6).] Of a chromosome: remaining unpaired during meiosis. Cf. monovalent adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > chromosomes in respect of meiosis non-homologous1883 quadrivalent1898 univalent1898 bivalent1899 plurivalent1901 homologous1903 heterotropic1905 monovalent1906 heteromorphic1917 homomorphic1917 trivalent1921 multivalent1929 sexivalent1931 nullisomic1932 quinquevalent1935 1898 Zool. Jahrbücher: Anat. 12 79 The chromosomes of the 1st reduction division are univalent, when they occur in the normal number. 1916 Jrnl. Morphol. 27 226 I believe he [sc. Haecker] is wrong in thinking that the ‘univalent’ chromosomes making up these ‘bivalents’ are to be considered as members of homologous chromosome pairs. 1971 Nature 19 Feb. 570/2 Many authors have reported that the behaviour of univalent chromosomes at meiosis is irregular. 1981 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 88 281 During meiosis I in males of the mole cricket Neocurtilla (Gryllotalpa) hexadactyla, the univalent X₁ chromosome and the heteromorphic X₂Y chromosome pair segregate nonrandomly. 3. Immunology. = monovalent adj. 3b. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [adjective] > valency of polyvalent1912 multivalent1934 univalent1939 monovalent1960 the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > antibody > [adjective] > valency of polyvalent1912 multivalent1934 univalent1939 monovalent1960 1939 Bacteriol. Rev. III. 76 If Hooker and Boyd now believe antibody to be univalent they must abandon the entire basis for these and other of their calculations. 1940 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 71 271 Antibody is referred to as low grade, incomplete, imperfect, or ‘univalent’ in instances in which it is incapable by itself of precipitating with added antigen. 1977 M. W. Steward in Glynn & Steward Immunochemistry vii. 245 There are several reports which show the reduction in neutralization of both animal viruses..and bacteriophages..when univalent antibodies have been used. B. n. Cytology. /juːˈnɪvələnt/. A univalent chromosome. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > types of chromosome chromoplastid1885 accessory chromosome1899 chromoplast1902 X1902 heterochromosome1904 idiochromosome1905 macrochromosome1905 allosome1906 autosome1906 monosome1906 sex chromosome1906 supernumerary1907 X chromosome1911 Y chromosome1911 univalent1912 euchromosome1914 W1917 monosome1921 tetrasome1921 trisome1921 heterosome1938 isochromosome1939 trisomic1939 metacentric1945 acrocentric1949 polycentric1953 Philadelphia chromosome1961 monocentric1979 1912 Jrnl. Exper. Zool. 13 350 In the first division the X- and Y-chromosomes divide as separate univalents. 1921 Ann. Bot. 35 173 These chromosomes were of two types, as revealed during meiosis, fourteen being bivalents and twenty-one univalents. 1971 Nature 19 Feb. 570/2 In the triploid species Leucopogon juniperinus univalents are close to the poles at metaphase, but..they are not in the same plane as the spindle on which the bivalents are positioned. Derivatives univalence n. ⓘ ΚΠ 1865 N. S. Maskelyne in C. B. Mansfield Theory of Salts p. xxii The tide of opinion ran deep and strong in favour of the univalence..of so large a number of the metals. univalency n. ⓘ ΚΠ 1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 47 608 The invariable univalency of the hydrogen-atom seems of itself sufficient to negative this supposition. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1865
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