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单词 uneven
释义

unevenadj.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈiːvn/, U.S. /ˌənˈivən/
Etymology: Old English unefen ( < un- un- prefix1 1 + efen even adj.1 and n.2), = Old Frisian oniovn (West Frisian on-, ûneven, North Frisian unēven, -īven), Middle Dutch and Dutch oneven, -effen, Middle Low German uneven, Old High German uneban (Middle High German and German uneben), Old Norse and Icelandic ú-, ójafn (Norwegian ujamn, Swedish ojemn, Danish ujevn).
1.
a. Unequal; not properly corresponding or agreeing. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > inequality > [adjective]
unevenOE
unlikea1387
odda1393
unmeeta1393
inequalc1400
inegal1484
impar1535
unegual1542
unequal1565
inequivalent1568
unmatch1570
unegall1589
disequal1622
disparate1764
OE Crist III 1459 Hu þær wæs unefen racu unc gemæne!
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 232 Vre blod..aȝein his blod þet he schedde for vs were ful un efne change.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xlii. 1 My consciens and my ȝernynge is vneuen til þairs.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 279 Thou tellest forth, Hou that hire weyhte of love unevene Is unto thin.
a1470 Dives & Pauper (1496) vii. xi. 293/1 By wyckednesse of false couetyse in the people men ben uneuen in rychesse.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 104 Yf it were vneuen to the tother, or faylynge in eny thynge that an other had.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. v. sig. Cc8 So forth they traueld an vneuen payre,..A saluage man matcht with a Ladie fayre. View more context for this quotation
1609 J. Davies Holy Roode sig. B3 What diff'rence is betweene those Hymnes diuine... They are as Fame, and Shame, no lesse vneu'n.
1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. 40 Two pipes of Glass very uneven in length.
1885 Manch. Examiner 14 July 4/5 Stands are very uneven, and the size of the plant varies from 2 in. to 3½ ft.
b. Of numbers: Odd. Also of things: Making up, or marked by, an odd number.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > describing particular qualities > odd
odda1398
imparc1430
uneven1577
unequal1697
odd-numbered1850
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 35 Which Plinie accounteth to haue vneauen corners as Pease hath.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Disparo, vneeuen, or od in number, vnequall.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 173 Nothing ought to be eaten by euen numbers, but by vneuen, wherewith God is pleased.
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 78 Let rauisht Poets drinke thrice three, Of whom the vneuen Muses be Belou'd.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Number The Sum, or the Difference, of two uneven Numbers, makes an even Number.
1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 265 According to the folio either of an even, or uneven page.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 485 Then the triad or number three is uneven.
1888 C. T. Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 149 Uneven pages, pages with odd folios, such as 1, 3, 5, etc.
2. Unequitable, unfair, unjust:
a. Of acts, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > unjustness > [adjective]
unrighteOE
unrightfulOE
wrongousa1200
wrongfulc1311
unevenc1380
unjustc1384
untrue1393
injustc1430
unreasonablec1440
unduec1450
inique1521
unequal1535
wry1561
undeserved?c1570
justless1578
unrighted1608
unequitable1643
inequitable1667
unfair1724
iniquitablea1734
unsportsmanlike1754
unsportsmanly1776
unsporting1859
below the belt1892
red-hot1896
society > morality > rightness or justice > wrong or injustice > [adjective] > unfair
unmethea1300
unevenc1380
inique1521
unequal1535
unegall1589
unequitable1643
inequitable1667
unfair1713
iniquitablea1734
unsportsmanlike1754
unsportsmanly1776
rough1801
unsporting1859
below the belt1892
red-hot1896
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 316 Summe ben too wel fed bi vneuene partyng of here goodis.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxxi. 1359 And so fo[r] euene and vneuene dedes þat here beþ ydo.
1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. ii. 40 If merchaunts,..doe inriche themselues by impouerishing others, through deceitfull shifts; the common wealth suffereth dammage by their vneuen dealings.
1613 I. F. Christes Bloodie Sweat 11 By courses indirect and lawes vn-euen, Of will and sensuall lust.
b. Of persons, etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > unjustness > [adjective] > of person
wrongousa1200
unjustc1384
unevenc1475
unequal1588
society > morality > rightness or justice > wrong or injustice > [adjective] > unfair > specifically of persons
unevenc1475
unequal1588
unfair1724
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 104 Þei are vnfeiþful to þer souereyns, vn euyn to þer lowar.
a1500 Ratis Raving Prol. 60 He saw..rychtwysmen and god-lyk baith, With wykyt men & wnewyne lyk scaith.
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius iii. 392 They are in this their partition, so parciall and vneuen dealers, that they will not leaue to Christ, the whole cleansing of the guilt.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxi. 780/2 N. D. with his vneuen hand (euer ouerhard to shadow the truth).
1641 J. Milton Animadversions 7 Sir Francis Bacon..complaines of the Bishops uneven hand over these Pamflets.
3. Diverging from a straight or exactly parallel position. (In early quots. figurative.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > [adjective]
uneven1390
irregular1483
scambling1592
prevaricant1644
eccentrica1649
vagous1660
erratical1698
scrambling1778
unregular1884
the world > space > relative position > inclination > [adjective] > diverging from straight or parallel
uneven1639
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 30 Thei hemself divide And stonden out of reule unevene.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 126 Among the vices..Ther is yit on..Which al this world hath set unevene.
1639 G. Digby in G. Digby & K. Digby Lett. conc. Relig. (1651) 90 And lines many times that at first appear parallels to the eie..prove apparently uneven.
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 321 If..the sides of the Sheet lye un-even upon the Tympan-sheet.
1862 M. E. Braddon Lady Audley's Secret I. i. 3 The windows were uneven.
4. Not smooth or level; irregular, broken, rugged.
a. Of ground, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > [adjective]
unevenc1275
rudea1393
craggeda1400
knaggedc1430
raggedc1450
raggy1483
cocklya1529
rugged1528
knaggy1552
unlevel?a1560
craggy1568
scraggy1574
balkish1577
cockling1582
cockled1600
unequal1613
salebrous1633
scragged1641
inequal1661
unevenly1683
hummocky1767
snaggly1794
snaggy1806
hobblya1825
shreddy1835
scraggly1869
bobbly1909
pebbly1923
snaggled1938
c1275 in Old Eng. Misc. 75/88 Þe weyes beoþ vn-euene, Wiþ wepynde stefne To helle he schulle þenne.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Inæquabilis An open place beyng high and low, or vneuen.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42v Beastes and Poultry..with tramplyng and skraping wyll make it rugged and vneuen.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. ii. 25 Eight yeardes of vneuen ground is threescore and ten myles a foote with mee. View more context for this quotation
1618 J. Taylor Pennyles Pilgrimage E 4 The way so vneuen, stonie, and full of bogges.
1653 W. Ramesey Astrologia Restaurata 91 Aquaries [governs] Hilly and uneven places.
1746 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. i. 440 As we march'd, all the way up hill, and over very uneven Ground, our men were greatly Blown.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 290 In it [sc. the sea-bottom] we find the same uneven surface that we do upon land.
1858 N. Hawthorne French & Ital. Note-bks. (1871) II. 199 On the verge and within the crater of an extinct volcano, and therefore..as uneven as the sea in a tempest.
figurative.a1596 Sir Thomas More (1911) iv. v. 4 You see the floore of greatnesse is uneuen.1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iv. i. 5 Vneuen is the course, I like it not. View more context for this quotation
b. In general use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [adjective] > irregular in shape
uneven1398
bastard1418
raggedc1450
odd1508
unruled1551
irregular1584
inordinate1667
rambling1676
odd-shaped1704
bizarre1824
scrawled1895
raggedy1896
scrawly1901
free-form1942
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) iv. iii. e vj b/1 The vtter partyes ben vneuyn wyth holownes sonke and had partes areryd.
1582 in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 162 The sorting together of Wools of seuerall natures,..which causeth cloth to cockle and be uneuen.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H4v For one of them was like an Eagles claw,..The other like a beares vneuen paw.
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 154 [He] cuts out what may remain in the bottom of the Shanck by reason of the un-even breaking.
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 140 Its Bark is somewhat rugged and uneaven.
1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 431 The uneven writing..proved that it was sent while the young man was still fluctuating between life and death.
1810 G. Crabbe Borough xxii. 305 The Sun-burn'd Tar..And Bank-side Stakes in their uneven ranks.
1855 Poultry Chron. 3 522/1 The upper part of the cell..being more convex; therefore, the comb is very uneven.
absolute.1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 157 Fracture, fine or coarse splintery, which sometimes pass into the uneven of a fine grain.
c. transferred and figurative (of immaterial things, sounds, style, etc.). Old English unefn, unemn, occurs in similar uses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > [adjective]
uneven1598
bobbly1909
the world > action or operation > behaviour > other specific behaviour > [adjective] > uneven
uneven1598
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] > uneven
uneven1598
evenless1652
hummocky1869
(a)
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. i. 50 For more vneuen and vnwelcome newes Came from the North. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iv. 2 In most vneuen and distracted manner, his actions show much like to madnesse. View more context for this quotation
1649 R. Lovelace Poems (1864) 114 Where is a joy uneven, There never, never can be Heav'n.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 185 Such is the uneven State of human Life.
1763 L. Scrafton Refl. Govt. Indostan (1770) iii. 76 The uneven temper of the Soubah could never long retain its disguise.
1886 J. J. H. Burgess Shetland Sketches i. 48 He..went away down to the house, feeling very sorrowful, and mad, and altogether uneven.
(b)1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 50 The horses euill and vneuen going proceedeth of his owne lamenes.(c)1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. ix. 150 Not only with cold Air, but with any other uneven noise, passing through their Mouth into their Ears.1731 A. Pope Epist. to Earl of Burlington 11 Light Quirks of Musick, broken and uneven.1811 W. R. Spencer Poems Ded. His strain is weak, his voice uneven.(d)1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music vi. 111 Homer is equal, large, flowing, and harmonious; Eschylus is uneven, concise, abrupt, and rugged.(e)1905 R. Brooke Let. 25 Mar. (1968) 19 It's not a bad number [of a magazine], a bit uneven of course; but then you can't expect the other men to ascend to my level.1974 Country Life 7 Feb. 240/2 Almost no one was more uneven, as it is politely called, than G. F. Watts.

Compounds

uneven-carriaged, uneven-numbered, uneven-roofed; uneven-aged adj. (of a group of trees) containing individuals of different ages.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > containing trees of same or different age or species
even-aged1889
pure1889
all-aged1905
uneven-aged1905
1670 T. Brooks Wks. (1867) VI. 342 A rotten heart, is a very uneven-carriaged heart.
1882 Contemp. Rev. Aug. 234 The 16 alternate or uneven-numbered sections in all townships.
1887 J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road i. 3 Weather-stained out~buildings, lichen-laden and uneven-roofed.
1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 14 Forests in which the trees differ considerably in age..uneven-aged forest.
1953 H. L. Edlin Forester's Handbk. vii. 105 Woodlands may..be..uneven-aged, with trees of various ages and therefore differing sizes.

Draft additions December 2004

uneven bars n. Gymnastics (chiefly North American) = asymmetric bars n. at asymmetric adj. Additions; cf. uneven parallel bars n. at Additions.
ΚΠ
1952 N.Y. Times 21 Dec. v. 5/4 Uneven Bars—Margit Korondi, Hungary.
1974 Marysville (Ohio) Jrnl.-Tribune 26 Nov. 5/4 Olga did her famous back flip on the high uneven bar, and showed her highly flexible moves on the beam.
2003 K. G. Harmon in A. Rubin Sports Injuries & Emergencies xxxvii. 306 Hand position required to complete certain maneuvers, particularly on uneven bars, may place the shoulder or elbow at risk for dislocation.

Draft additions December 2004

uneven parallel bars n. Gymnastics (chiefly North American) = asymmetric bars n. at asymmetric adj. Additions; cf. uneven bars n. at Additions.
ΚΠ
1952 Amateur Athletic Union U.S. Gymnastics Yearbk. 81 You should start training immediately on the compulsory and optional exercises on the Uneven Parallel Bars.
1981 Gettysburg (Pa.) Times 26 May 14/1 The Gettysburg youth won a gold medal in the uneven parallel bar and a bronze medal for the balance beam.
2003 Dance Spirit July–Aug. 129/3 She was sidelined by a back injury after a dismount from the uneven parallel bars.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

unevenv.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈiːvn/, U.S. /ˌənˈivən/
Etymology: un- prefix2 1d(c).
To make uneven.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > make uneven [verb (transitive)]
unevenc1440
jag1568
unlevela1586
rugged1628
cockle1686
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. x. 100 For eny thyng no beest vppon hit trede; Vneven hit they wolde, hit is to drede.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

unevenadv.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈiːvn/, U.S. /ˌənˈivən/
Etymology: Old English unefne ( < un- un- prefix1 5b + efne even adv. and prep.), = Middle Dutch onevene, -effene (obsolete Dutch oneven), Old Saxon unefno, Middle Low German unevene, -even, Middle High German unebene, -eben.
= unevenly adv.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > unjustness > [adverb]
unevenc1000
unrightOE
unrightlyOE
wronga1250
falsely1303
wrongouslyc1325
unskilfully1338
unskilwiselya1340
wrongly1340
unrightfullyc1350
wrongfullyc1374
unevenly1382
unjustlyc1384
unduly1399
slanderously1429
injustly1502
undeservedly1549
slanderfully1550
unequallya1599
unequitably1649
unfairly1713
iniquitably1742
inequitably1857
society > morality > rightness or justice > wrong or injustice > [adverb] > unfairly
unevenc1000
unevenly1382
unequallya1599
unequitably1649
unfairly1713
iniquitably1742
unsportsmanlike1754
unsportsmanly1776
below the belt1844
inequitably1857
c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) cxl. 9 Swa unefne is eorþe þicce.
c1275 in Old Eng. Misc. 86/1 Weole, þu art awaried þing, vneuene constu dele.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 24178 Þou..folus þam þat þe wald fle, And luues all þat letthes þe, þis part vneuen es delt.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 9 So stant the pes unevene parted.
1622 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (Reidpeth) (1998) I. 243 The ballance gois vnevin.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.OEv.c1440adv.c1000
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