undershotadj.n.
/ˌʌndəˈʃɒt/, U.S. /ˌəndərˈʃɑt/ (as noun)Brit. /ˈʌndəʃɒt/, U.S. /ˈəndərˌʃɑt/ 1.
a. Driven by water passing under. undershot wheel, a waterwheel turned by force of water acting on the lower part of the wheel. undershot mill, a mill worked by an undershot wheel.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [adjective] > driven by water from above or below
overshotc1535
undershoot1602
undershot1610
pitch-back1825
high breast1833
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > driven by water
waterwheel1408
flood-wheel1515
breast wheel1744
overshot1760
undershot wheel1760
breast-shot1775
bucket-wheel1797
tub-wheel1815
flutter-wheel1817
danaide1825
wheel1842
reaction waterwheel1847
reaction wheel1852
tide-wheel1864
hurdy-gurdy1868
stream-wheel1875
paddle wheela1884
Pelton1885
turbine-pump1900
1610 R. Vaughan Most Approved Water-workes sig. P3 To plant an vnder-shot-mil vpon a Riuer.
1660 ‘R. D'Acres’ Art Water-drawing 28 The close bucketted wheels..are of three sorts, the close bucketted under-shot, which receive their charge below [etc.].
1760 Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 125 The undershot-wheel was taken off the axis, and..an overshot wheel..was put into its place.
1805 Brewster Ferguson's Lect. I. 81 Water mills are divided into breast mills, undershot mills, and overshot mills.
1872 H. W. Beecher Pop. Lect. Preaching viii. 149 If you have a great, full strong stream,.. then the wheel is made under-shot.
b. n. An undershot wheel or mill.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > other mills
martinet?c1475
watermill1580
overfall mill1615
breast mill1659
undershot1705
merchant mill1759
pounding mill1785
floating mill1796
steam-mill1801
pecker1802
chip mill1819
1705 S. Carpenter Let. in Penn & Logan Corr. (1870) I. 233 After it has passed through the saw-mill it comes to the corn-mill, an undershot, and grinds very well.
1760 Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 137 All those that receive the impulse or shock of the water, whether in an horizontal, perpendicular, or oblique direction, are to be considered as undershots.
2. Having the lower jaw or teeth projecting beyond the upper; underhung.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [adjective] > of the jaw or chin > having lower jaw projecting
undershot1881
1881 V. Shaw Bk. Dog 39 Undershot, the lower incisor teeth projecting beyond the upper, as in Bulldogs.
1884 Live Stock Jrnl. Aug. 130 The second prize-winner is leggy, with straight shoulders, not good face, and is undershot.
1917 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 588/2 The blue pointer is an exceedingly handsome shark, with..an undershot mouth.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1610