turretn.

/ˈtʌrɪt/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s turet, Middle English turete (1500s plural turettes, Scottish turettis, turetis), Middle English–1500s Scottish turat(e (plural turatis, turattis), 1500s turryt, turrite, Scottish turit, turrat, 1500s–1700s turrit, 1600s Scottish turrett, Middle English– turret (plural Middle English–1500s turrettes, ScottishMiddle English turrettis, 1500s turretis). β. Middle English (1600s–1700s Historical) touret, Middle English–1500s tourette (plural Scottish tourettis), tourrett (plural tourrettes), towrette (plural -ettis, -ys), 1500s–1600s towret, 1700s tourett. γ. Middle English toret, Middle English–1700s torret (Middle English plural torettes, torettis, torrettes). δ. 1500s territ, 1500s–1600s terret, terrett (plural terrettes), 1600s tirritt.

Etymology: Middle English turet , toret , tourette , < Old French torete, tourete (12th cent. in Godefroy), later tourette (still in 17th cent.), diminutive of tur , tor , tour (feminine), tower n.¹; compare modern Italian torretta, diminutive of torre < Latin turris (to the influence of which the current spelling turret may be due). The slightly earlier toret, torret, occurring in the S. Eng. Leg. I. 300/15 and in R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3625 in the sense of ‘summit’ of a hill, is apparently not identical with this word, but < Old French turet (still in Artois dialect), variant of turel (later and now dialect tureau) eminence, hill.

a. A small or subordinate tower, usually one forming part of a larger structure; esp. a rounded addition to an angle of a building, sometimes commencing at some height above the ground, and frequently containing a spiral staircase.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > turret

tourellec1330

turretc1330

tournellea1400

turruletc1620

mirador1797

turricle1884

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > turret

tourellec1330

turretc1330

bratticingc1380

tournellea1400

turruletc1620

bartizan1800

turricle1884

α.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 398 To a turet sir Gij is went, & biheld þat firmament.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1014 A ryoll sted..With turrettis fayr.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^v Ane ciete..With torris and turatis.

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 89 The gentlemen..haue neither cities nor townes, but Turrettes builte vpon the waters side.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 37 An Elephant with a turret upon his backe.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 40 He raised an high turret, out of which..there might blaze all night long, lights and fires for the better direction of ships at sea.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 251 Another wall full of small turrets and banqueting houses.

1765 S. Foote Commissary iii. 47 The large brick house..with a turrit at top?

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. iii. 17 He perceived the turrets of an ancient chateau rising out of the trees of its walled park.

1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 413 Thick walls and turrets at the angles gave the whole the aspect..of a fortress.

in extended use.1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2265 By a new Earth-quake the Top or Turret of Mount Ætna..fell in.β. a1400 Coer de L. 3969 The Sarezynes, armyd, forth lepe Upon the walles the toun to kepe, Stout in touret, and in hurdys.c1400 Rom. Rose 4164 He hired hem to make a tour... And rounde enviroun eek were set Ful many a riche and fair touret.1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) ccvii. 303 They were so pour and so greued of tayllages and excises, that vnnethe they had among them alle wherof to repayre two towrettys.1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (i.) f. 13 It was dowble walled with many highe and strong towrets.1618 A. Munday Stow's Suruay of London (new ed.) 11 The wals of [London], which were sore decaied and destitute of Towers and Towrets, to bee repaired.1736 J. McUre Hist. Glasgow 256 The Town-house or Tolbooth..has Four large Touretts on the Corners thereof.γ. a1400–50 Alexander (Ashm.) 1418 Sum..Tilt torettis [v.r. torrettes] doun, toures on hepis.c1400 Gamelyn 329 In a litel toret his brother lay i-steke.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum Toret, lytylle towre, turricula.1648 J. Raymond Itinerary Voy. Italy 129 An ancient Torret, built halfe of solid Marble.δ. a1600 Hymn, ‘Hierusalem my happie home’ viii, in J. Julian Dict. Hymnology (1907) 580/2 Thy terrettes and thy pinacles.a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) iv. i. 335 Germany..aboundes with Copper, wherewith many Cittyes haue Terretts steeples and whole Churches Covered.a1707 A. Thornton Autobiogr. (1875) 33 The window sudainly shutt with such a force the whole tirritt shooke.

b. In Heraldry: see quots.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > other heraldic representations > [noun] > architectural features

portcullisa1460

wall1688

well1688

pavilion1730

turret1766

1766–87 M. A. Porny Elem. Heraldry Gloss. Turret, a small Tower. Turreted, having Turrets on the top.

c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Turret, a small tower on the top of another.

1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 43 Turret, a small tower commonly set upon a castle.

1894 Parker's Gloss. Heraldry at Tower The tower is..frequently represented as bearing three smaller towers or turrets, and then it is blazoned triple towered, or triple turretted... The..turret is sometimes used alone, separate from the tower, and can only be represented as a smaller tower.

†c. figurative. Highest point or position, height, acme. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [noun] > peak of perfection

perfection1340

pointc1400

pinnaclec1450

firmament1526

tipe1548

vertical point1559

acmea1568

status1577

summity1588

sublimation1591

turret1593

topgallant1597

non ultra?1606

vertical1611

non plus ultra1647

ne ultraa1657

verticle1658

summit1661

ne plus ultra1664

ne plus1665

nonplus1670

tip-top1702

pink1720

sublime1748

eminencea1854

it1896

1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 36 We thinke we are neuer at the territ of delight.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. viii. §2. 130 Ivpiter, whom the Greekes haue seated in the toppe and highest Turret of their Diuinitie.

1680 T. Lawson Mite into Treasury 11 Mounted to the Terret of Philosophick Elevations, and to the Zenith of Scholastick Notions.

2. Military.

†a. = tower n.¹ 5a. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower

belfryc1300

mate-griffonc1330

summercastle1382

bastillec1400

towerc1440

summertowera1450

bestial1488

bastide1523

turret1565

timber-tower1614

helepole1770

cat-castle1861

1565 A. Golding tr. Caesar Martiall Exploytes in Gallia ii. f. 62 When they saw..the mount raysed and a turret a buylding a farre of,..they began to laugh at it.

b. A low flat armour-plated tower, commonly cylindrical or conical, on a ship of war or a fort, made to contain a gun and gunners, and usually to revolve horizontally; a similar structure on a tank, armoured car, or aircraft.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > ship's guns collectively > gun-turret

citadel1860

cupola1862

turret1862

tower1889

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun]

turret1862

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun] > on vehicle or aircraft

turret1914

gun turret1916

tank turret1918

1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 5 Nov. I obtained permission..to substitute in the ‘Prince Albert’ three turrets, each carrying one 300-pounder.

1869 E. J. Reed Our Iron-clad Ships Introd. 16 The ‘Monarch’..with 25-ton guns mounted in turrets.

1887 Spectator 30 July 1019/1 The ‘Inflexible’..with four 80-ton guns in her turrets.

1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 143 The plan of placing the guns in revolving towers or turrets.

1897 H. W. Wilson in United Service Mag. July 351 The distinction between turret and barbette is this; the turret is an armoured shelter revolving with the gun; the barbette an armoured shelter inside which the gun revolves on a turn-table.

1914 E. A. Powell Fighting in Flanders iii. 70 The earlier armoured cars used by the Belgians..consisted of a circular turret, high enough so that only the head and shoulders of the man operating the machine-gun were exposed, covered with half-inch steel plates and mounted on an ordinary chassis.

1933 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) iv. 27 Turret, a form of cockpit primarily intended for the use of a gunner.

1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 140 Give yourself a few minutes each day in the training turrets so that your turret manipulation is absolutely one hundred per cent.

1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 141 For most of the trip your hands will be on the turret controls.

1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 26 I stretched Across my turret, thinking.

1978 J. Irving World according to Garp i. 15 This ball turret was a metal sphere with a glass porthole; it was set into the fuselage of a B-17 like a distended navel—like a nipple on the bomber's belly.

3. Applied to various things resembling a small tower.

†a. A high head-dress formerly worn by women. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > tall

turret1473

high head1580

towerc1612

fontange1685

commodea1687

cop1688

toppingc1690

cock-up1692

1473–4 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 29 j½ elne of satyne for turatis to the Quene.

1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 231 Ane hude and ane turit of quheit velvot.

†b. A tall chimney on a lamp. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > parts of

sink1440

snuff1611

turret1626

discus1680

oxidator1853

chimney1857

flame-cap1893

heat filter1898

bracket-light-

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §373 Take a Turreted Lampe of Tinne,..The Height of the Turret being thrice as much, as the length of the lower part, whereupon the Lampe standeth.

c. A raised central portion in the roof of a railway passenger carriage. U.S.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret..3. (Railway.) The elevated central portion of a passenger-car, whose top forms an upper story of the roof, and whose sides are glazed for light and pierced for ventilation.

a. An attachment to a lathe, drill, or similar machine, consisting of a round or polygonal block with sockets for various dies or cutting tools, and capable of being rotated (cf. 2b) so as to present the required tool to the work.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > [noun] > turntable holding various cutting tools

turret1875

turret-gun1875

1875 [see turret-gun n. at Compounds 1b].

1898 H. S. Wilson Pract. Tool-maker & Designer vi. 58 Knurling fixtures for both the slide and turret.

1963 N. Weinstein tr. Boguslavsky Automatic & Semi-automatic Lathes i. 32 If internal surfaces are to be machined in addition to external surfaces, semi-automatics having a central end-working toolslide, or a turret are employed.

1975 G. Bram & C. Downs Manuf. Technol. vii. 200 The turret is then indexed to perform a number of drilling, reaming, tapping and counter-sinking operations.

b. Cinematography and Television. = lens turret n. at lens n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > filming equipment > [noun] > camera > parts of

sprocket1879

film magazine1906

gate1909

claw1911

take-up1915

pull-down1933

lens turret1951

turret1951

squeeze lens1957

1951 R. Spottiswoode Film & its Techniques iii. 64 On almost all cameras..the lenses are mounted in clusters of three or four on a turret, a revolving device which serves to bring the wanted lens in front of the aperture.

1960 O. Skilbeck ABC of Film & TV Working Terms 138 Turret, a circular mounting of several lenses held in readiness for use on the front of a camera.

1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production iii. 34 The internal complexity of a zoom lens makes it bulkier than a turret assembly.

1965 J. Von Sternberg Fun in Chinese Laundry (1966) vii. 184 We illuminated every possible retreat he might find, and more cameras, turrets, and various lenses were employed.

1976 A. Davis Television 27 The turret camera with a revolving disc offering the choice of several lenses of different focal lengths, and the single zoom lens of variable focal length..were still to come.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense 1.)

(a)

turret-bell n.

ΚΠ

1809 R. Cumberland John de Lancaster III. 3 The turret-bell gave the signal of an arrival.

turret-bridge n.

ΚΠ

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 990 Schir Ihon the Grayme and Ramsay..The Turat bryg segyt.

turret-chamber n.

ΚΠ

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. x. 166 A step was heard on the stair, and the door of the turret chamber slowly opened.

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vi. 166 Immured for day and night in a desolate turret-chamber.

turret-clock n.

ΚΠ

c1820 S. Rogers Italy (1839) 52 An hour and more, by the old turret-clock.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 84 De Vick..made for Charles V. of France the first turret clock of which we have reliable record.

turret crest n.

ΚΠ

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 525 Oft he [sc. the serpent] bowd His turret Crest .

turret-door n.

ΚΠ

1825 W. Scott Betrothed iii, in Tales Crusaders I. 39 The form of the huge and substantial Fleming at length issued from the turret-door.

turret-roof n.

turret-room n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > others

garden room1619

tablinum1715

garden apartment1751

piazza1773

turret-room1803

shed-room1843

hall-room1859

return room1869

mid-place1871

stoep-room1880

sun space1907

1803 Lett. Miss Riversdale III. 368 I have been removed from the turret room I occupied, to a bed room on the ground floor.

1821 W. Scott Pirate III. iv. 73 A great banquetting-hall, communicating with several large rounds, or projecting turret-rooms.

turret-stair n.

ΚΠ

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. x. 163 Slowly and with difficulty she descended the turret-stair.

1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 573 An external turret-stair on the north side.

turret system n.

ΚΠ

1866 Capt. Coles & the Admiralty 9 Captain Coles is not the inventor of the turret system at all..the turret itself belongs to Ericsson.

turret-top n.

ΚΠ

1809 R. Cumberland John de Lancaster III. 115 The whole Castle garrison [turned out] from their sky-chambers on the turret tops.

(b)

turret-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > tower- or turret-shaped

tower-like1552

turret-like1709

turret-shaped1844

turriform1875

tower-shaped1897

1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists ii. ii. 70 Like..old Reverend Cybele..on her Head a Turret-like Attire.

turret-shaped adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > tower- or turret-shaped

tower-like1552

turret-like1709

turret-shaped1844

turriform1875

tower-shaped1897

1844 M. Fuller Woman in 19th Cent. (1862) 362 Two vast towers of rock with turret-shaped tops.

turret-topped adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [adjective] > turreted

garreted1531

turreted1794

rondelled1858

turret-topped1892

1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 271 The outside walls..are of the plain, one story, level, turret-topped..style.

b. (In sense 2b.)

turret armour n.

ΚΠ

1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 144 The side and turret armour was made up of two thicknesses.

turret-gun n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > [noun] > turntable holding various cutting tools

turret1875

turret-gun1875

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret-gun, one specially adapted for use in revolving turrets of vessels.

turret-gunner n.

ΚΠ

1870 Daily News 27 Sept. The turret-gunner stands with his head through a hole in the roof of the turret.

c. senses 2, 4b.

turret-mounted adj.

ΚΠ

1961 Observer 21 May 5/1 (advt.) Twin lenses, standard and telephoto, turret mounted to whisk you smoothly from close-up to long shot.

1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 31 May 394/5 The loss of the Captain..marked the end of the attempt to combine a full set of sails with steam propulsion and turret-mounted guns.

d. (In sense 4b.)

(a)

turret-mounting n.

ΚΠ

1923 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures 86 Behind this turret-plate is a second and fixed disk or ‘turret-mounting’ of identical diameter, but having only two openings, corresponding to the photographing and focussing apertures respectively.

1966 ‘A. Hall’ 9th Directive ix. 83 I set it [sc. a camera] up on a tripod with a turret-mounting that was rigid enough for the weight.

(b)

turret-turning adj.

ΚΠ

1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 143 The parts immediately underneath turrets must be protected by armour in order to shield the turret-turning gear.

C2.

turret-crown n. a turreted crown (see turreted adj. 2a).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > regalia > [noun] > crown > specific

crown imperial1485

Iron Crown1550

crown homager1610

cidaris1658

pschent1814

ocean-crowna1854

turret-crown1886

1886 C. R. Conder Syrian Stone-lore (1896) vii. 235 Jerusalem herself, with turret-crown, appears on another [coin].

turret-deck n. see quot. 1909 (also attributive).

ΚΠ

1904 Westm. Gaz. 10 Oct. 9/1 Rules for the construction of turret-deck steamers.

1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. at Deck In a special British design of cargo-steamer,..the side, instead of meeting the main deck rectangularly, is rounded off so as to make a continuous curved surface with the deck. Inboard of this the side is again curved up. The space between the sides at the top is covered by a narrow deck called the turret-deck.

turret head n. = sense 4.

ΚΠ

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 909/2 Turret Head, the revolving head of a bolt cutter.

turret-lathe n. a lathe fitted with a turret (sense 4).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > lathe > [noun] > other lathes

pole-lathe1815

throw-lathe1875

turret-lathe1875

transfer-lathe1877

trimming-machine1877

portrait lathea1884

semi-automatic1902

chamfering lathe1921

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret-lathe.., a screw-cutting lathe having a slide provided with a polygonal block or turret, having apertures in each face for receiving dies which are secured therein by set-screws.

1898 H. S. Wilson Pract. Tool-maker & Designer vi. 58 The variety of work that may be executed on a screw machine or turret lathe.

1939 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 12/3 (advt.) Experience should include the setting up and tooling of automatic and turret lathes.

1975 G. Bram & C. Downs Manuf. Technol. v. 129 The vertical turret-lathe is a chucking machine only.

turret-light n. a light on top of a police car, ambulance, etc., which flashes to signal an emergency.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > flashing or on ambulances, etc.

blue light1945

turret-light1972

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > warning light > flashing on roof

roof light1958

turret-light1972

blues and twos1985

1972 ‘G. North’ Sgt. Cluff rings True i. 14 A small van..carried a turret-light on its roof and had, ‘Police,’ lettered on its sidepanels.

turret-shell n. = turritellid n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Holostomata > member of genus Turritellidae

turret-shell1859

tower-shell1888

1859–62 J. Richardson et al. Museum Nat. Hist. (1868) II. 339 The family of Turret or Screw shells (Turritellidæ).

turret-ship n. a ship of war with a turret (sense 2b).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat

artillery boat1759

gun-boat1793

gun-vessel1800

gun-brig1801

schooner-gun-vessel1806

gunship1841

turret-ship1862

turret-vessel1862

pelter1890

1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 22 Nov. [The idea] that broadside ships can..effectively work these ponderous guns against turret ships.

1880 Daily News 18 Dec. The trials of the eighty-ton guns on board the turret ship Inflexible.

turret-spider n. a spider that constructs a turret-like nest, as the North American Lycosa arenaria.

ΚΠ

1883 Science 13 July 43/2 A species of ground spider..known as the turret spider.

turret-vessel n. = turret-ship n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat

artillery boat1759

gun-boat1793

gun-vessel1800

gun-brig1801

schooner-gun-vessel1806

gunship1841

turret-ship1862

turret-vessel1862

pelter1890

1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 5 Nov. A sea-going turret vessel.

1870 O. H. Stokes in Eng. Mech. 7 Jan. 396/3 In a turret vessel, the whole of the deck, ‘exclusive of that part which is occupied by the turrets’, is exposed to the fire of the enemy.

turret window n. = tower-window n. at tower n.¹ Compounds 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window

loop1393

shot-windowc1405

gable window1428

batement light1445

church window1458

shot1513

casement1538

dream-hole1559

luket1564

draw window1567

loop-window1574

loophole1591

tower-windowc1593

thorough lights1600

squinch1602

turret window1603

slit1607

close-shuts1615

gutter window1620

street lighta1625

balcony-window1635

clere-story window1679

slip1730

air-loop1758

Venetian1766

Venetian window1775

sidelight1779

lancet window1781

French casement1804

double window1819

couplet1844

spire-light1846

lancet1848

tower-light1848

triplet1849

bar-window1857

pair-light1868

nook window1878

coupled windows1881

three-light1908–9

north-light1919

storm window1933

borrowed light1934

Thermopane1941

storms1952

1603 Rites of Durham (Surtees 1903) App. 110 3 white turrett wyndowes.

1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. iv. 89 Little turret-windows..the lattice..half-open to admit the air.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	turret
释义	turretn. /ˈtʌrɪt/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s turet, Middle English turete (1500s plural turettes, Scottish turettis, turetis), Middle English–1500s Scottish turat(e (plural turatis, turattis), 1500s turryt, turrite, Scottish turit, turrat, 1500s–1700s turrit, 1600s Scottish turrett, Middle English– turret (plural Middle English–1500s turrettes, ScottishMiddle English turrettis, 1500s turretis). β. Middle English (1600s–1700s Historical) touret, Middle English–1500s tourette (plural Scottish tourettis), tourrett (plural tourrettes), towrette (plural -ettis, -ys), 1500s–1600s towret, 1700s tourett. γ. Middle English toret, Middle English–1700s torret (Middle English plural torettes, torettis, torrettes). δ. 1500s territ, 1500s–1600s terret, terrett (plural terrettes), 1600s tirritt. Etymology: Middle English turet , toret , tourette , < Old French torete, tourete (12th cent. in Godefroy), later tourette (still in 17th cent.), diminutive of tur , tor , tour (feminine), tower n.¹; compare modern Italian torretta, diminutive of torre < Latin turris (to the influence of which the current spelling turret may be due). The slightly earlier toret, torret, occurring in the S. Eng. Leg. I. 300/15 and in R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3625 in the sense of ‘summit’ of a hill, is apparently not identical with this word, but < Old French turet (still in Artois dialect), variant of turel (later and now dialect tureau) eminence, hill. 1. a. A small or subordinate tower, usually one forming part of a larger structure; esp. a rounded addition to an angle of a building, sometimes commencing at some height above the ground, and frequently containing a spiral staircase. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > turret tourellec1330 turretc1330 tournellea1400 turruletc1620 mirador1797 turricle1884 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > turret tourellec1330 turretc1330 bratticingc1380 tournellea1400 turruletc1620 bartizan1800 turricle1884 α. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 398 To a turet sir Gij is went, & biheld þat firmament. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 1014 A ryoll sted..With turrettis fayr. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^v Ane ciete..With torris and turatis. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. 89 The gentlemen..haue neither cities nor townes, but Turrettes builte vpon the waters side. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 37 An Elephant with a turret upon his backe. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 40 He raised an high turret, out of which..there might blaze all night long, lights and fires for the better direction of ships at sea. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 251 Another wall full of small turrets and banqueting houses. 1765 S. Foote Commissary iii. 47 The large brick house..with a turrit at top? 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. iii. 17 He perceived the turrets of an ancient chateau rising out of the trees of its walled park. 1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 413 Thick walls and turrets at the angles gave the whole the aspect..of a fortress. in extended use.1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2265 By a new Earth-quake the Top or Turret of Mount Ætna..fell in.β. a1400 Coer de L. 3969 The Sarezynes, armyd, forth lepe Upon the walles the toun to kepe, Stout in touret, and in hurdys.c1400 Rom. Rose 4164 He hired hem to make a tour... And rounde enviroun eek were set Ful many a riche and fair touret.1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) ccvii. 303 They were so pour and so greued of tayllages and excises, that vnnethe they had among them alle wherof to repayre two towrettys.1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (i.) f. 13 It was dowble walled with many highe and strong towrets.1618 A. Munday Stow's Suruay of London (new ed.) 11 The wals of [London], which were sore decaied and destitute of Towers and Towrets, to bee repaired.1736 J. McUre Hist. Glasgow 256 The Town-house or Tolbooth..has Four large Touretts on the Corners thereof.γ. a1400–50 Alexander (Ashm.) 1418 Sum..Tilt torettis [v.r. torrettes] doun, toures on hepis.c1400 Gamelyn 329 In a litel toret his brother lay i-steke.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum Toret, lytylle towre, turricula.1648 J. Raymond Itinerary Voy. Italy 129 An ancient Torret, built halfe of solid Marble.δ. a1600 Hymn, ‘Hierusalem my happie home’ viii, in J. Julian Dict. Hymnology (1907) 580/2 Thy terrettes and thy pinacles.a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) iv. i. 335 Germany..aboundes with Copper, wherewith many Cittyes haue Terretts steeples and whole Churches Covered.a1707 A. Thornton Autobiogr. (1875) 33 The window sudainly shutt with such a force the whole tirritt shooke. b. In Heraldry: see quots. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > other heraldic representations > [noun] > architectural features portcullisa1460 wall1688 well1688 pavilion1730 turret1766 1766–87 M. A. Porny Elem. Heraldry Gloss. Turret, a small Tower. Turreted, having Turrets on the top. c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Turret, a small tower on the top of another. 1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 43 Turret, a small tower commonly set upon a castle. 1894 Parker's Gloss. Heraldry at Tower The tower is..frequently represented as bearing three smaller towers or turrets, and then it is blazoned triple towered, or triple turretted... The..turret is sometimes used alone, separate from the tower, and can only be represented as a smaller tower. †c. figurative. Highest point or position, height, acme. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [noun] > peak of perfection perfection1340 pointc1400 pinnaclec1450 firmament1526 tipe1548 vertical point1559 acmea1568 status1577 summity1588 sublimation1591 turret1593 topgallant1597 non ultra?1606 vertical1611 non plus ultra1647 ne ultraa1657 verticle1658 summit1661 ne plus ultra1664 ne plus1665 nonplus1670 tip-top1702 pink1720 sublime1748 eminencea1854 it1896 1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 36 We thinke we are neuer at the territ of delight. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. viii. §2. 130 Ivpiter, whom the Greekes haue seated in the toppe and highest Turret of their Diuinitie. 1680 T. Lawson Mite into Treasury 11 Mounted to the Terret of Philosophick Elevations, and to the Zenith of Scholastick Notions. 2. Military. †a. = tower n.¹ 5a. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower belfryc1300 mate-griffonc1330 summercastle1382 bastillec1400 towerc1440 summertowera1450 bestial1488 bastide1523 turret1565 timber-tower1614 helepole1770 cat-castle1861 1565 A. Golding tr. Caesar Martiall Exploytes in Gallia ii. f. 62 When they saw..the mount raysed and a turret a buylding a farre of,..they began to laugh at it. b. A low flat armour-plated tower, commonly cylindrical or conical, on a ship of war or a fort, made to contain a gun and gunners, and usually to revolve horizontally; a similar structure on a tank, armoured car, or aircraft. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > ship's guns collectively > gun-turret citadel1860 cupola1862 turret1862 tower1889 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun] turret1862 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun] > on vehicle or aircraft turret1914 gun turret1916 tank turret1918 1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 5 Nov. I obtained permission..to substitute in the ‘Prince Albert’ three turrets, each carrying one 300-pounder. 1869 E. J. Reed Our Iron-clad Ships Introd. 16 The ‘Monarch’..with 25-ton guns mounted in turrets. 1887 Spectator 30 July 1019/1 The ‘Inflexible’..with four 80-ton guns in her turrets. 1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 143 The plan of placing the guns in revolving towers or turrets. 1897 H. W. Wilson in United Service Mag. July 351 The distinction between turret and barbette is this; the turret is an armoured shelter revolving with the gun; the barbette an armoured shelter inside which the gun revolves on a turn-table. 1914 E. A. Powell Fighting in Flanders iii. 70 The earlier armoured cars used by the Belgians..consisted of a circular turret, high enough so that only the head and shoulders of the man operating the machine-gun were exposed, covered with half-inch steel plates and mounted on an ordinary chassis. 1933 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) iv. 27 Turret, a form of cockpit primarily intended for the use of a gunner. 1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 140 Give yourself a few minutes each day in the training turrets so that your turret manipulation is absolutely one hundred per cent. 1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 141 For most of the trip your hands will be on the turret controls. 1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 26 I stretched Across my turret, thinking. 1978 J. Irving World according to Garp i. 15 This ball turret was a metal sphere with a glass porthole; it was set into the fuselage of a B-17 like a distended navel—like a nipple on the bomber's belly. 3. Applied to various things resembling a small tower. †a. A high head-dress formerly worn by women. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > tall turret1473 high head1580 towerc1612 fontange1685 commodea1687 cop1688 toppingc1690 cock-up1692 1473–4 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 29 j½ elne of satyne for turatis to the Quene. 1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 231 Ane hude and ane turit of quheit velvot. †b. A tall chimney on a lamp. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > parts of sink1440 snuff1611 turret1626 discus1680 oxidator1853 chimney1857 flame-cap1893 heat filter1898 bracket-light- 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §373 Take a Turreted Lampe of Tinne,..The Height of the Turret being thrice as much, as the length of the lower part, whereupon the Lampe standeth. c. A raised central portion in the roof of a railway passenger carriage. U.S. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret..3. (Railway.) The elevated central portion of a passenger-car, whose top forms an upper story of the roof, and whose sides are glazed for light and pierced for ventilation. 4. a. An attachment to a lathe, drill, or similar machine, consisting of a round or polygonal block with sockets for various dies or cutting tools, and capable of being rotated (cf. 2b) so as to present the required tool to the work. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > [noun] > turntable holding various cutting tools turret1875 turret-gun1875 1875 [see turret-gun n. at Compounds 1b]. 1898 H. S. Wilson Pract. Tool-maker & Designer vi. 58 Knurling fixtures for both the slide and turret. 1963 N. Weinstein tr. Boguslavsky Automatic & Semi-automatic Lathes i. 32 If internal surfaces are to be machined in addition to external surfaces, semi-automatics having a central end-working toolslide, or a turret are employed. 1975 G. Bram & C. Downs Manuf. Technol. vii. 200 The turret is then indexed to perform a number of drilling, reaming, tapping and counter-sinking operations. b. Cinematography and Television. = lens turret n. at lens n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > filming equipment > [noun] > camera > parts of sprocket1879 film magazine1906 gate1909 claw1911 take-up1915 pull-down1933 lens turret1951 turret1951 squeeze lens1957 1951 R. Spottiswoode Film & its Techniques iii. 64 On almost all cameras..the lenses are mounted in clusters of three or four on a turret, a revolving device which serves to bring the wanted lens in front of the aperture. 1960 O. Skilbeck ABC of Film & TV Working Terms 138 Turret, a circular mounting of several lenses held in readiness for use on the front of a camera. 1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production iii. 34 The internal complexity of a zoom lens makes it bulkier than a turret assembly. 1965 J. Von Sternberg Fun in Chinese Laundry (1966) vii. 184 We illuminated every possible retreat he might find, and more cameras, turrets, and various lenses were employed. 1976 A. Davis Television 27 The turret camera with a revolving disc offering the choice of several lenses of different focal lengths, and the single zoom lens of variable focal length..were still to come. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 1.) (a) turret-bell n. ΚΠ 1809 R. Cumberland John de Lancaster III. 3 The turret-bell gave the signal of an arrival. turret-bridge n. ΚΠ 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 990 Schir Ihon the Grayme and Ramsay..The Turat bryg segyt. turret-chamber n. ΚΠ 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. x. 166 A step was heard on the stair, and the door of the turret chamber slowly opened. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vi. 166 Immured for day and night in a desolate turret-chamber. turret-clock n. ΚΠ c1820 S. Rogers Italy (1839) 52 An hour and more, by the old turret-clock. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 84 De Vick..made for Charles V. of France the first turret clock of which we have reliable record. turret crest n. ΚΠ 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 525 Oft he [sc. the serpent] bowd His turret Crest . View more context for this quotation turret-door n. ΚΠ 1825 W. Scott Betrothed iii, in Tales Crusaders I. 39 The form of the huge and substantial Fleming at length issued from the turret-door. turret-roof n. turret-room n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > others garden room1619 tablinum1715 garden apartment1751 piazza1773 turret-room1803 shed-room1843 hall-room1859 return room1869 mid-place1871 stoep-room1880 sun space1907 1803 Lett. Miss Riversdale III. 368 I have been removed from the turret room I occupied, to a bed room on the ground floor. 1821 W. Scott Pirate III. iv. 73 A great banquetting-hall, communicating with several large rounds, or projecting turret-rooms. turret-stair n. ΚΠ 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. x. 163 Slowly and with difficulty she descended the turret-stair. 1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 573 An external turret-stair on the north side. turret system n. ΚΠ 1866 Capt. Coles & the Admiralty 9 Captain Coles is not the inventor of the turret system at all..the turret itself belongs to Ericsson. turret-top n. ΚΠ 1809 R. Cumberland John de Lancaster III. 115 The whole Castle garrison [turned out] from their sky-chambers on the turret tops. (b) turret-like adj. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > tower- or turret-shaped tower-like1552 turret-like1709 turret-shaped1844 turriform1875 tower-shaped1897 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists ii. ii. 70 Like..old Reverend Cybele..on her Head a Turret-like Attire. turret-shaped adj. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > tower- or turret-shaped tower-like1552 turret-like1709 turret-shaped1844 turriform1875 tower-shaped1897 1844 M. Fuller Woman in 19th Cent. (1862) 362 Two vast towers of rock with turret-shaped tops. turret-topped adj. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [adjective] > turreted garreted1531 turreted1794 rondelled1858 turret-topped1892 1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 271 The outside walls..are of the plain, one story, level, turret-topped..style. b. (In sense 2b.) turret armour n. ΚΠ 1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 144 The side and turret armour was made up of two thicknesses. turret-gun n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > [noun] > turntable holding various cutting tools turret1875 turret-gun1875 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret-gun, one specially adapted for use in revolving turrets of vessels. turret-gunner n. ΚΠ 1870 Daily News 27 Sept. The turret-gunner stands with his head through a hole in the roof of the turret. c. senses 2, 4b. turret-mounted adj. ΚΠ 1961 Observer 21 May 5/1 (advt.) Twin lenses, standard and telephoto, turret mounted to whisk you smoothly from close-up to long shot. 1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 31 May 394/5 The loss of the Captain..marked the end of the attempt to combine a full set of sails with steam propulsion and turret-mounted guns. d. (In sense 4b.) (a) turret-mounting n. ΚΠ 1923 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures 86 Behind this turret-plate is a second and fixed disk or ‘turret-mounting’ of identical diameter, but having only two openings, corresponding to the photographing and focussing apertures respectively. 1966 ‘A. Hall’ 9th Directive ix. 83 I set it [sc. a camera] up on a tripod with a turret-mounting that was rigid enough for the weight. (b) turret-turning adj. ΚΠ 1889 J. J. Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. xiv. 143 The parts immediately underneath turrets must be protected by armour in order to shield the turret-turning gear. C2. turret-crown n. a turreted crown (see turreted adj. 2a). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > regalia > [noun] > crown > specific crown imperial1485 Iron Crown1550 crown homager1610 cidaris1658 pschent1814 ocean-crowna1854 turret-crown1886 1886 C. R. Conder Syrian Stone-lore (1896) vii. 235 Jerusalem herself, with turret-crown, appears on another [coin]. turret-deck n. see quot. 1909 (also attributive). ΚΠ 1904 Westm. Gaz. 10 Oct. 9/1 Rules for the construction of turret-deck steamers. 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. at Deck In a special British design of cargo-steamer,..the side, instead of meeting the main deck rectangularly, is rounded off so as to make a continuous curved surface with the deck. Inboard of this the side is again curved up. The space between the sides at the top is covered by a narrow deck called the turret-deck. turret head n. = sense 4. ΚΠ a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 909/2 Turret Head, the revolving head of a bolt cutter. turret-lathe n. a lathe fitted with a turret (sense 4). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > lathe > [noun] > other lathes pole-lathe1815 throw-lathe1875 turret-lathe1875 transfer-lathe1877 trimming-machine1877 portrait lathea1884 semi-automatic1902 chamfering lathe1921 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Turret-lathe.., a screw-cutting lathe having a slide provided with a polygonal block or turret, having apertures in each face for receiving dies which are secured therein by set-screws. 1898 H. S. Wilson Pract. Tool-maker & Designer vi. 58 The variety of work that may be executed on a screw machine or turret lathe. 1939 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 12/3 (advt.) Experience should include the setting up and tooling of automatic and turret lathes. 1975 G. Bram & C. Downs Manuf. Technol. v. 129 The vertical turret-lathe is a chucking machine only. turret-light n. a light on top of a police car, ambulance, etc., which flashes to signal an emergency. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > flashing or on ambulances, etc. blue light1945 turret-light1972 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > warning light > flashing on roof roof light1958 turret-light1972 blues and twos1985 1972 ‘G. North’ Sgt. Cluff rings True i. 14 A small van..carried a turret-light on its roof and had, ‘Police,’ lettered on its sidepanels. turret-shell n. = turritellid n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Holostomata > member of genus Turritellidae turret-shell1859 tower-shell1888 1859–62 J. Richardson et al. Museum Nat. Hist. (1868) II. 339 The family of Turret or Screw shells (Turritellidæ). turret-ship n. a ship of war with a turret (sense 2b). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat artillery boat1759 gun-boat1793 gun-vessel1800 gun-brig1801 schooner-gun-vessel1806 gunship1841 turret-ship1862 turret-vessel1862 pelter1890 1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 22 Nov. [The idea] that broadside ships can..effectively work these ponderous guns against turret ships. 1880 Daily News 18 Dec. The trials of the eighty-ton guns on board the turret ship Inflexible. turret-spider n. a spider that constructs a turret-like nest, as the North American Lycosa arenaria. ΚΠ 1883 Science 13 July 43/2 A species of ground spider..known as the turret spider. turret-vessel n. = turret-ship n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > gunboat artillery boat1759 gun-boat1793 gun-vessel1800 gun-brig1801 schooner-gun-vessel1806 gunship1841 turret-ship1862 turret-vessel1862 pelter1890 1862 Capt. P. Coles in Times 5 Nov. A sea-going turret vessel. 1870 O. H. Stokes in Eng. Mech. 7 Jan. 396/3 In a turret vessel, the whole of the deck, ‘exclusive of that part which is occupied by the turrets’, is exposed to the fire of the enemy. turret window n. = tower-window n. at tower n.¹ Compounds 5. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window loop1393 shot-windowc1405 gable window1428 batement light1445 church window1458 shot1513 casement1538 dream-hole1559 luket1564 draw window1567 loop-window1574 loophole1591 tower-windowc1593 thorough lights1600 squinch1602 turret window1603 slit1607 close-shuts1615 gutter window1620 street lighta1625 balcony-window1635 clere-story window1679 slip1730 air-loop1758 Venetian1766 Venetian window1775 sidelight1779 lancet window1781 French casement1804 double window1819 couplet1844 spire-light1846 lancet1848 tower-light1848 triplet1849 bar-window1857 pair-light1868 nook window1878 coupled windows1881 three-light1908–9 north-light1919 storm window1933 borrowed light1934 Thermopane1941 storms1952 1603 Rites of Durham (Surtees 1903) App. 110 3 white turrett wyndowes. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. iv. 89 Little turret-windows..the lattice..half-open to admit the air. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). turretv. Etymology: < turret n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈturret. transitive. To furnish, fortify, or adorn with or as with a turret or turrets. Usually in past participle: see also turreted adj. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > wall [verb (transitive)] > furnish with turrets turret1450 enturret1866 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [verb (transitive)] > turret or castellate castlec1386 vent1531 turret1636 castellate1840 1450 in J. D. Marwick Charters Edinb. (1871) 71 To..wall, toure, turate, and uther wais to strengthen oure foresaid Burgh. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxxvj The citee..was strong, wel walled, & turryted w^t good Bulwarkes & defenses. 1636 W. Davenant Platonick Lovers i. i. sig.C2 Since yonder building on the Mount, And that large Marble square was turretted, The house lookes pleasant. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 292 The Thames, here turreted with villas, and there garlanded with forests. 1843 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Ireland III. 180 A keep or castle turreted at the angles. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2019). > see also also refers to : torretturretn. < n.c1330v.1450 see also
随便看	branchpilot branchpoint branchrent branchroad branchroot branchstand branchvein branchwork branchy brand brand awareness brand blotter brand extension brand identity brand leader brand loyalty brand management brand manager brand x brand-fire-new brand-image brand-iron-wise brand-leading brand-mark brand-marked

turretn.

Compounds

turretv.

> see also