turmn.

/təːm/

Etymology: < Old French turme, torme (15th cent. in Godefroy), < Latin turma a troop, squadron.

1. A body or band of people, esp. a troop of horsemen; spec. a troop of thirty or thirty-two horsemen (= Latin turma).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > regiment > division of cavalry regiment

turm1483

gendarmerie1551

standard1571

cornet1583

troop1590

Light Dragoon1700

squadron1702

ressalah1758

sotnia1863

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of people or animals > regarded as a whole or a body of people gathered

weredc725

trumec893

thrumOE

wharfOE

flockOE

farec1275

lithc1275

ferd1297

companyc1300

flotec1300

routc1300

rowc1300

turbc1330

body1340

numberc1350

congregation1382

presencec1390

meiniec1400

storec1400

sum1400

manya1425

collegec1430

peoplec1449

schoola1450

turm1483

catervea1492

garrison?a1513

shoal1579

troop1584

bevy1604

roast1608

horde1613

gross1617

rhapsody1654

sortment1710

tribe1715

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 47 b/1 Iacob was sore aferde thenne and devyded his companye in to tweyne turmes.

?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xxv. f. 34^v One bende or cohort of Lomberdes & two turmes that is to saye .lx. thracyens.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. xx. 210 But dout þai had gevin bakkis, war nocht marcus fabius..come on ane spedy horss, with ane certane turmys of horsmen.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 66 Legions and Cohorts, turmes of horse and wings.

1800–24 T. Campbell Dead Eagle 18 Rome array'd her turms And cohorts for the conquest of the world.

2. In the Byzantine Empire: a brigade or garrison; also, the district governed by it.

ΚΠ

1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 41 The turmarchs commanded the τοῦρμαι, or divisions of the military ϴέμα or corps, and governed the turms or districts of the geographical theme... The turm or brigade consisted of three such μοῖραε.

1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 42 I suggest that in most themes there were two geographical turms in the ninth century and two turmarchs.

Derivatives

turmarch n. the governor of a turm (sense 2).

ΚΠ

1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 42 I suggest that in most themes there were two geographical turms in the ninth century and two turmarchs.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	turm
释义	turmn. /təːm/ Etymology: < Old French turme, torme (15th cent. in Godefroy), < Latin turma a troop, squadron. 1. A body or band of people, esp. a troop of horsemen; spec. a troop of thirty or thirty-two horsemen (= Latin turma). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > regiment > division of cavalry regiment turm1483 gendarmerie1551 standard1571 cornet1583 troop1590 Light Dragoon1700 squadron1702 ressalah1758 sotnia1863 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of people or animals > regarded as a whole or a body of people gathered weredc725 trumec893 thrumOE wharfOE flockOE farec1275 lithc1275 ferd1297 companyc1300 flotec1300 routc1300 rowc1300 turbc1330 body1340 numberc1350 congregation1382 presencec1390 meiniec1400 storec1400 sum1400 manya1425 collegec1430 peoplec1449 schoola1450 turm1483 catervea1492 garrison?a1513 shoal1579 troop1584 bevy1604 roast1608 horde1613 gross1617 rhapsody1654 sortment1710 tribe1715 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 47 b/1 Iacob was sore aferde thenne and devyded his companye in to tweyne turmes. ?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust Cron. Warre agaynst Iugurth xxv. f. 34^v One bende or cohort of Lomberdes & two turmes that is to saye .lx. thracyens. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. xx. 210 But dout þai had gevin bakkis, war nocht marcus fabius..come on ane spedy horss, with ane certane turmys of horsmen. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 66 Legions and Cohorts, turmes of horse and wings. View more context for this quotation 1800–24 T. Campbell Dead Eagle 18 Rome array'd her turms And cohorts for the conquest of the world. 2. In the Byzantine Empire: a brigade or garrison; also, the district governed by it. ΚΠ 1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 41 The turmarchs commanded the τοῦρμαι, or divisions of the military ϴέμα or corps, and governed the turms or districts of the geographical theme... The turm or brigade consisted of three such μοῖραε. 1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 42 I suggest that in most themes there were two geographical turms in the ninth century and two turmarchs. Derivatives turmarch n. the governor of a turm (sense 2). ΚΠ 1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 41 The turmarchs commanded the τοῦρμαι, or divisions of the military ϴέμα or corps, and governed the turms or districts of the geographical theme... The turm or brigade consisted of three such μοῖραε. 1911 J. B. Bury Imperial Administr. Syst. 9th Cent. 42 I suggest that in most themes there were two geographical turms in the ninth century and two turmarchs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.1483
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