-iumsuffix

Primary stress is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this combining form and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Chemistry.

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1. Used to form the names of metallic elements. The Latin names of metals were in -um, e.g. aurum, argentum, ferrum; the names of sodium, potassium, and magnesium, derived from soda, potassa or potash, and magnesia, were given by Davy in 1807, with the derivative form -ium; and although some of the later metals have received names in -um, the general form is in -ium, as in cadmium, iridium, lithium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, titanium, uranium; in conformity with which aluminum has been altered to aluminium. So hydrogen, when theoretically regarded as a metal, has been called hydrogenium; cf. also ammonium n.

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2. Used to form the names of various protonated, mostly organic, bases, as anilinium, benzenium, ethenium, flavylium, guanidinium, hydrazinium, imidazolium, pyrylium. Cf. -onium comb. form¹. This usage of the suffix derives from ammonium n. For rules governing the application of the suffix see Nomencl. Org. Chem. and Nomencl. Inorg. Chem., published by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

单词	-ium
释义	-iumsuffix Primary stress is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this combining form and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Chemistry. Categories » 1. Used to form the names of metallic elements. The Latin names of metals were in -um, e.g. aurum, argentum, ferrum; the names of sodium, potassium, and magnesium, derived from soda, potassa or potash, and magnesia, were given by Davy in 1807, with the derivative form -ium; and although some of the later metals have received names in -um, the general form is in -ium, as in cadmium, iridium, lithium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, titanium, uranium; in conformity with which aluminum has been altered to aluminium. So hydrogen, when theoretically regarded as a metal, has been called hydrogenium; cf. also ammonium n. Categories » 2. Used to form the names of various protonated, mostly organic, bases, as anilinium, benzenium, ethenium, flavylium, guanidinium, hydrazinium, imidazolium, pyrylium. Cf. -onium comb. form¹. This usage of the suffix derives from ammonium n. For rules governing the application of the suffix see Nomencl. Org. Chem. and Nomencl. Inorg. Chem., published by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019). < suffix
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