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单词 tropo-
释义

tropo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin tropo-.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin tropo- (in e.g. tropologia tropology n.) < Hellenistic Greek τροπο- (in e.g. τροπολογία tropology n.) < ancient Greek τρόπος trope n.; compare -o- connective. Compare French tropo- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.), German tropo- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.).Attested earliest in the Middle English period in the Latin and French loans tropologic adj. and tropology n.; subsequently from the late 19th cent. in a number of scientific terms adapted from German and French (e.g. tropometer n., tropophyte n.), and from the first half of the 20th cent. in formations within English (e.g. tropopause n.).
Forming terms relating to turning (in various scientific contexts).
tropocollagen n.
Brit. /ˌtrɒpə(ʊ)ˈkɒlədʒən/
,
/ˌtrəʊpə(ʊ)ˈkɒlədʒən/
,
U.S. /ˌtrɑpoʊˈkɑlədʒən/
,
/ˌtroʊpoʊˈkɑlədʒən/
Biochemistry a long superhelical molecule consisting of three polypeptide chains which associates with other such molecules to form collagen fibrils.
ΚΠ
1954 J. Gross et al. in Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 40 679 We adopted the term ‘tropocollagen’ to denote the thin, long particles.
1971 Nature 16 Apr. 437/1 It is usually accepted that collagen is composed of tropocollagen molecules 2900 Å long, 15 Å wide.
2003 A. van Lommel From Cells to Organs iii. 76/1 Tropocollagen rods act like building blocks and spontaneously assemble into fibrils.
tropometer n.
Brit. /trə(ʊ)ˈpɒmᵻtə/
,
/trɒˈpɒmᵻtə/
,
U.S. /troʊˈpɑmədər/
an instrument for measuring the angle of turning or torsion of a part of the body, esp. an eye or a bone. [Partly (i) after German Tropometer (1873 or earlier; compare earlier ophthalmotropometer n. at ophthalmo- comb. form ),
and partly (ii) after French tropomètre (1880 or earlier), both in medical contexts.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > specific measuring or recording > [noun] > specific measuring or recording instruments
pelvimeter1779
labimeter1785
pulmometer1814
neurometer1818
cardiometer1827
pneumatometer1832
lithometer1842
urinometer1843
spirometer1846
labidometer1848
paedometer1848
stethometer1850
pneumometer1853
psychograph1854
aesthesiometer1857
stethogoniometer1858
respirometer1859
anapnometer1860
chest-measurer1862
cardiograph1866
cyrtometer1867
myograph1867
myographion1867
pneumograph1868
anapnograph1870
polygraph1871
pneumatograph1874
pelycometer1875
baraesthesiometer1876
stetho-cardiograph1876
stethograph1876
haemocytometer1877
tambour1877
thoracometer1877
audiometer1879
tropometer1881
inspirometer1882
oncograph1882
oncometer1882
septometer1882
kinesimeter1885
pneograph1888
kinaesthesiometer1890
parturiometer1890
pneometer1890
spirograph1890
tonograph1890
pelvigraph1892
phrenograph1893
profilometer1895
calibrator1900
tremograph1904
urinopyknometer1905
adaptometer1907
phonoscope1908
electrocardiograph1910
phonocardiograph1913
arthrometer1918
pneumotachograph1926
cystometer1927
cardiotachometer1928
encephalograph1934
electroencephalograph1935
ballistocardiograph1938
phonoelectrocardioscope1942
electromyograph1944
pupillograph1951
statometer1957
pneumotach1961
magnetocardiograph1963
1881 Athenæum 11 June 787/1 The tropometer, an instrument for measuring the angle of torsion of the humerus.
1911 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Nov. 1168/1 I have examined a considerable number of cases of heterophoria with Stevens's tropometer.
1997 Res. Spinal Deformities 1 119 Turner and Smillie used a tropometer to measure TT in 1200 consecutive patients.
tropophil adj.
Brit. /ˈtrɒpə(ʊ)fɪl/
,
/ˈtrəʊpə(ʊ)fɪl/
,
U.S. /ˈtrɑpəˌfɪl/
,
/ˈtroʊpəˌfɪl/
[after German tropophil ( A. F. W. Schimper Pflanzen-geographie (1898) i. i. 24)] Ecology (now rare) = tropophilous adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > adapted to extreme environments
tropophilous1900
tropophytic1900
tropophil1902
1902 I. B. Balfour in Encycl. Brit. XXV. 439/2 Parasitism..occurs in..tropophil woods of temperate regions, and alpine slopes.
1910 Geogr. Jrnl. 36 726 The tropophil forest is made up of deciduous beech trees.
tropophilous adj.
Brit. /trə(ʊ)ˈpɒfᵻləs/
,
/trɒˈpɒfᵻləs/
,
U.S. /troʊˈpɑfələs/
[after German tropophil (see tropophil adj.)] Ecology (of a plant, tree, forest, etc.) adapted (often by being deciduous) to a climate characterized by alternating periods of wet and dry conditions.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > adapted to extreme environments
tropophilous1900
tropophytic1900
tropophil1902
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Tropophilous,..loving change of condition, as Tropophytes.
1960 Geography 45 17 The complete contrast between the two seasons compels all vegetation to be tropophilous.
2005 Biotropica 37 533/1 We selected all vegetation forms that are classified as deciduous forests, which included several types of xerophitic [sic] and tropophilous forests.
tropophyte n.
Brit. /ˈtrɒpə(ʊ)fʌɪt/
,
/ˈtrəʊpə(ʊ)fʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˈtrɑpəˌfaɪt/
,
/ˈtroʊpəˌfaɪt/
[after German Tropophyt ( A. F. W. Schimper Pflanzen-geographie (1898) i. i. 5)] Ecology a tropophilous plant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [noun] > that adapts to different conditions
tropophyte1899
1899 Bot. Gaz. 27 215 The word tropophyte is introduced to include those plants which are hygrophytic at one season and xerophytic at another.
1973 Bryologist 76 13 Their [sc. lichens'] sensitivity to pollution is heightened by the fact that they, unlike tropophytes, never shed their toxin-laden parts.
2002 G. D. Rowley in U. Eggli Illustr. Handbk. Succulent Plants: Dicotyledons (2004) 62/2 Some species of Cyphia..are tropophytes from Africa with a swollen underground storage caudex and annual herbaceous vines.
tropophytic adj.
Brit. /ˌtrɒpə(ʊ)ˈfɪtɪk/
,
/ˌtrəʊpə(ʊ)ˈfɪtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌtrɑpəˈfɪdɪk/
,
/ˌtroʊpəˈfɪdɪk/
Ecology of, relating to, or of the nature of a tropophyte; characterized by the presence of tropophytes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > adapted to extreme environments
tropophilous1900
tropophytic1900
tropophil1902
1900 R. Pound & F. E. Clements Phytogeogr. Nebraska (ed. 2) iv. 168 The great mass of vegetation occurring in neither typically hydrophytic nor xerophytic situations, and responding much less noticeably to the influence of soil water, is termed mesophytic or tropophytic.
1945 A. Dugand in F. Verdoorn et al. Plants & Plant Sci. Lat. Amer. 291/1 They [sc. forest trees] are of the transition or tropophytic type, assuming the appearance of the true humid forests during the rainy season, but resembling the dry forests during the drought period.
1953 Herpetologica 9 117 This subspecies occupies the dry (tropophytic) region of northern Venezuela.
2000 R. B. Gill Great Maya Droughts (2001) ix. 267 The western side of the Yucatán Peninsula is drier than the east. Its vegetation is tropophytic—adapted to a moist summer and dry winter.
tropostereoscope n.
Brit. /ˌtrɒpə(ʊ)ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)skəʊp/
,
/ˌtrɒpə(ʊ)ˈstɪərɪə(ʊ)skəʊp/
,
/ˌtrəʊpə(ʊ)ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)skəʊp/
,
/ˌtrəʊpə(ʊ)ˈstɪərɪə(ʊ)skəʊp/
,
U.S. /ˌtrɑpoʊˈstɛriəˌskoʊp/
,
/ˌtrɑpoʊˈstɪriəˌskoʊp/
,
/ˌtroʊpoʊˈstɛriəˌskoʊp/
,
/ˌtroʊpoʊˈstɪriəˌskoʊp/
[after German Tropostereoskop (1897 or earlier)] Psychology rare (now historical) a stereoscope with an arrangement for rotating the pictures, used in experiments on vision.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments for observing > [noun] > stereoscope
stereoscope1838
phantascope1849
lenticular stereoscope1852
stereomonoscope1858
telestereoscope1858
stereophantasmascope1865
stereo1876
stereophantascope1890
tropostereoscope1900
kalloscope1901
rotoscope1907
1900 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 11 258 (table) Wheatstone stereoscope... Tropostereoscope. Ludwig.
1901 E. B. Titchener Exper. Psychol. I. ii. 272 Ludwig's tropostereoscope..is..a refined form of the tube stereoscope.
1930 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 42 263 The Os [= observers] looked at these fields of differently directed oblique parallel lines through colored glasses, different for each eye, set in the frame of the tropostereoscope.
2010 P. Bourcier et al. Nomencl. 3.0 for Museum Cataloging (ed. 3) v. 276 Medical instruments... Stereoscope, Medical: Amblyoscope. Tropostereoscope.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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comb. form1881
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