traffickingn.

Brit.

/ˈtrafᵻkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/

Forms: see traffic v. and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 traffiqueing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: traffic v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < traffic v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier traffic n.

a. Originally and in early use chiefly Scottish. The action of engaging in (typically clandestine) dealings or communication with another, later esp. an enemy or malevolent supernatural being; plotting, scheming; conspiracy. Also occasionally: an act or instance of this.In the late 16th and 17th cent. often with reference to Roman Catholic plotting against the state or established religion; cf. traffic v. 4a(a), trafficking adj. 1, and trafficker n. 2.

ΚΠ

1567 in J. Beveridge & G. Donaldson Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1963) VI. 12/1 His traffiqueing in the realme of France..and committand certane crymes in the samin.

a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) ii. 262 That which incensed him most, was his correspondencie, and secret trafficking and meeting with the banished Douglasses.

1656 W. Sanderson Compl. Hist. Mary & James VI ii. 175 Their trafficking with forein Princes against Religion.

1714 Daily Courant 3 Nov. Being disturbed in our Religious Concerns, by the restless and intriguing trafficking of..Enemies of the Protestant Religion the Papists and their Abettors.

1755 in D. Moysie Mem. Affairs Scotl. Index Bothwell..Accused of trafficking with witches.

1816 Scots Mag. May 349/2 The notorious revelation of her trafficking with fiends, and holding communion with the spirits of darkness.

1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xxi. 189 Ye ken best what trafeckin has been between you and her.

1863 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. VIII. viii. 132 Thus the antagonism went on, irritating Elizabeth..into dangerous traffickings with the Bishop of Aquila and his successor.

1919 Daily Mail 15 Mar. 5/6 A woman has been arrested in Paris on a charge of trafficking with the enemy. She..is alleged to have been on intimate terms with Hun officers.

1992 M. Blakesley in A. Miller Crucible Introd. p. x Many confessed to the sin of trafficking with the Devil when the only alternative was to be hanged.

†b. Scottish. The process of arranging or negotiating something, probably in the context of private communication or secretive dealings. Cf. traffic v. 4a(b). Obsolete. rare.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > terms of agreement > negotiating or making terms

bargain1330

treatyc1405

overture1427

chafferingc1449

treatingc1450

entreat1485

patising1530

practice1540

articulating1562

capitulation1569

entreatance1574

tractation1600

interdealing1611

negotiation1614

tractate1618

haggling1632

traffickinga1649

bargaining1669

conditioning1680

transacting1686

higgling1700

stipulation1792

treatment1828

haggle1829

coming to terms1843

a1649 W. Drummond Hist. Scotl. (1655) 11 The main business about which the Arch-bishop came, was the trafficking of a Marriage between Lewis the Daulphine..with Margaret Daughter to King Iames.

2. The action of traffic v. in various other senses; (in early use chiefly) the activity of engaging in trade; buying and selling; commerce; (later chiefly) illegal or illicit trade or dealing, esp. the distribution and sale of illegal drugs, or the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation. Also occasionally: an instance of this.Also with modifying word; see also child trafficking n., dope-trafficking n. human trafficking n., sex trafficking n., etc.From the late 19th and early 20th cent. used increasingly to denote illicit trade in goods or people, and gaining currency from the 1970s.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > [noun]

mongingOE

cheapinga1000

cheapOE

chaffer?c1225

merchandisea1300

market-making1340

merchandyc1350

corseriec1380

chafferinga1382

need-doinga1382

changea1387

chapmanhoodc1386

cossery?a1400

bargaining1401

merchandisinga1425

merchandrya1450

intercourse1473

business1478

chapmanry1483

the feat of merchandisec1503

market1525

trade1549

marting1553

contractation1555

trading1556

merchantryc1560

marketing1561

mart1562

trafficking1570

contraction1582

tract1582

nundination1586

commerce1587

chafferya1599

negotiation1601

intertraffica1603

traffic1603

commercery1604

intertrading1606

correspondence1607

mercature1611

correspondency1613

coss?1635

negotiating1640

dealing1691

chapmanship1727

merchanting1883

intertrade1915

society > trade and finance > illegal or immoral trading > [noun]

trafficking1570

traffic1583

horse-corsing1602

mongering1846

pinhooking1962

1570 C. Hodson & W. Borough Let. 15 July in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 426 We haue this winter..bene kept from trafiquing, to the companies great losse.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) ii. 294 By continuall trafficking with..Poland, and all the Easterne Countries,..they grow very wealthy.

a1656 A. Gray Direct. Duty of Prayer (1669) i. 17 We conceive it [sc. prayer] is a sweet travelling and trafficking of the soul betwixt emptinesse and fulnesse..; or in short, it is a souls conference with God.

1674 G. Fox Line of Righteousness & Justice 10 See that you are..faithful to your Promises in all your Tradings, Traffickings, Bargainings.

1793 M. Harley Juliana Ormeston I. v. 28 May the inhuman practice of trafficking for human flesh be speedily abolished.

1879 Scotsman 26 Nov. 7/2 A bartering and trafficking in public interests for personal ends.

1896 Age (Melbourne) 8 Mar. 13/1 Between [convicts and certain of their custodians]..there is a constant commerce in contraband commodities, which is known in prison parlance by the term ‘trafficking’.

1919 Near East 19 Dec. 697/2 Inspectors..will..prevent illicit excavations and trafficking in objects of antiquity.

1946 Times of India 16 Dec. 1/4 More families..wish to adopt children; therefore, baby trafficking has resulted.

1989 D. J. Mabry Lat. Amer. Narcotics Trade vi. 75 The U.S. military..involved in fighting the production and trafficking in drugs from Latin America.

1994 Los Angeles Times 29 Jan. b3/4 Wardens say wildlife trafficking is increasingly well organized and often connected with narcotics and weapons dealing.

2013 Independent 27 Mar. 11/1 The accused..deny 47 counts that include rape, trafficking and organising prostitution of underage girls.

3. Cell Biology and Physiology. The movement or transportation of molecules, ions, cells (esp. leucocytes), etc., across membranes, between cells or tissues, or to a particular location within a cell or organ. Cf. traffic v. 7a, 7b.

ΚΠ

1936 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 76 115 The trafficking between the internal environment and the external environment is dynamically structural and supplies the energies which activate the organism.

1970 J. E. Harris & J. G. Sinkovics Immunol. Malignant Dis. i. 15 This constant trafficking would suit the memory cell population's purpose of being available to meet old antigens wherever macrophages might find and hold antigen in lymphoid tissue.

1989 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 109 3231/2 Transgenic mice represent a valuable system for analysing trafficking pathways and sorting mechanisms of secretory proteins in vivo.

2012 Plant Physiol. 158 24/2 Regulated trafficking of proteins, RNAs, RNA-protein complexes, and other molecules into and out of the nucleus is important in diverse processes.

Compounds

C1. As a modifier.

a. With the sense ‘of or relating to trade or commerce; for or employed in trading’, as in trafficking goods, trafficking place, trafficking vessel, trafficking voyage, etc. Now rare and chiefly historical.

ΚΠ

1695 R. Ferguson Brief Acct. Incroachm. & Depredations of Dutch upon Eng. 49 We..did leave our selves destitute of such a Number of Ships of War, as might..have covered and defended our trafficking Vessels.

1726 Lives & Amours Queens & Royal Mistresses 165 Those Indulgences..are good trafficking Commodities.

1729 W. Hatchett tr. J. P. Bignon Adventures of Abdalla 9 Resolving to apply themselves to Commerce, and to go a trafficking Voyage to Siam.

1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire I. ii. i. 357 The parishes..contain..even 1000 and more farms, from 3 to 7 churches,..markets, and trafficking places.

1827 New Monthly Mag. 20 135 Shoals of little trafficking barks, laden with all the produce of the country.

1850 Chelmsford Chron. 15 Nov. The trafficking goods, such as I have mentioned—blankets, brass wire.., hatchets of very inferior make.

1860 Deseret News (Great Salt Lake City, Utah Territory) 26 Sept. 236/3 The Utah Chief, Arapeen, started with a strong party of his tribe on a trafficking expedition to the Navajoe country.

1938 C. P. Nettels Roots Amer. Civilization (1940) ix. 225 Plymouth Colony established trading posts on the Connecticut, Kennebec, and Penobscot Rivers, while..prior to 1650..Springfield was a trafficking center.

b. With the sense ‘of, relating to, or associated with illegal or illicit trade or dealing, or with the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation’, as in trafficking offense, trafficking victim, etc.

ΚΠ

1911 F. Martyn Holiday in Gaol (N.Y. ed.) xxxiv. 208 The prisoners in one of the halls were..searched to discover those who were concerned in alleged extensive trafficking operations.

1970 Washington Post 25 Jan. a14/1 Distribution of small amounts of marijuana for no profit..would not be treated as a trafficking offense.

1996 Forced Labor (U.S. Dept. Labor) p. x Cooperation by all relevant law enforcement agencies to dismantle trafficking networks and..training programs aimed at preventing sex tourism.

2015 G. Ritzer & P. Dean Globalization (ed. 2) x. 287 The vast majority of trafficking victims are women and girls.

C2.

trafficking ring n. an organization or network of people engaged in illegal or illicit trade or dealing, esp. the distribution and sale of illegal drugs, or the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation.

ΚΠ

1927 Indianapolis Times 6 Apr. 1/6 (headline) Theft of 38 autos admitted. Local woman, two men are held as members of trafficking ring.

1944 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 11 June 5/3 Some of the opium..was obtained by trafficking rings and distributed where more profit could be made.

1973 Austin (Texas) Statesman 4 May 21/7 Governments have..broken up international trafficking rings and..made the illicit trade as dangerous for the traffickers as the merchandise is for the drug users.

2014 K. Rich Interviewing Rape Victims ii. 66 Once a trafficking ring takes root in a community, all local children become vulnerable.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

traffickingadj.

Brit.

/ˈtrafᵻkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/

Forms: see traffic v. and -ing suffix²; also Scottish pre-1700 trafequeing, pre-1700 traffequeing, pre-1700 trafficqueing, pre-1700 traffiqueing, pre-1700 traficqueing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: traffic v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < traffic v. + -ing suffix².

†1. Scottish. Engaged in clandestine dealings or plots, typically for the purpose of making religious converts; proselytizing. Obsolete (historical in later use).Chiefly used of Roman Catholic proselytizers; cf. traffic v. 4a(a), trafficking n. 1a, and trafficker n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [adjective] > conspiring

trafficking1592

colluding1611

conspiranta1616

colloguing1620

conspiratious1652

complotting1682

caballing1690

confederating1697

1592 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1592/4/32 Proclamationis maid..aganis Jesuites, seminary preistis and trafficqueing papistis.

1648 Declar. Commissioners of Gen. Assembly 15 Let Presbyteries..be carefull to discover, try, and censure any trafficking Sectaries, and all such as favour their opinions and wayes.

1671 W. Rait Vindic. Reformed Relig. Pref. to Rdr. sig. b^v This short dialogue was by her put into the hands of a traffiquing Romanist, and in stead of her Conversion so much desired, eight sheets of paper are stuffed with reflections.

1759 Scots Mag. June 329/1 Neil M^cFie, indicted as being a Popish priest, Jesuit, or trafficking Papist, was banished Scotland, never to return, if still a Papist, on pain of death.

1884 J. Mackintosh Hist. Civilization Scotl. III. xxix. 263 In the end of the year 1663, the town council of Aberdeen ordered that..three trafficking Quakers..should be conveyed out of the town.

2. Originally and until the mid 20th cent. chiefly: engaged in trading, esp. between nations; commercially active, mercantile. Now usually: engaged in illegal or illicit trade; involved in the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation.

ΚΠ

1611 J. Maxwell Golden Art 21 The merchant and trafficking man [must] take pains to vnderstand what belongeth to the handling of merchandise & wares in the ship, & in the shop, at home & abroad.

1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 94/2 A rich and trafficking Town of the Kingdom of Peru.

1710 W. Forbes Let. Law of Election Members of Parl. 38 No Person can be Elected Commissioner for a Royal Burgh, unless he be a Burgess, and a Residing Trafficking Merchant therein.

1743 tr. P. de la Court Polit. Maxims of Holland iii. iii. 356 Sydon being a city in Syria, upon a coast abounding with fish and good havens,..was..a merchantile or trafficking city.

1835 Liberator (Boston) 24 Jan. 14/6 They are, eminently, a trafficking people, and trade directly with various parts of the civilized world.

1861 Morning Post 1 Aug. 2/2 Already their natural trafficking spirit has been roused.

1898 Quorn Mercury 19 Aug. That was merely the payment to the trafficking officer, tobacco and all luxuries for the prisoner having to be found by his friends.

1922 Compton's Pictured Encycl. III. 1529/2 Through the Phoenicians, the great trafficking race of the age, the early Greeks came in contact with the art of Babylonia, Assyria, and Egypt.

1997 P. Kwong Forbidden Workers 237 All nations have the responsibility..to arrest and prosecute trafficking criminals.

2009 L. Paoli et al. World Heroin Market i. iii. 67 Asymmetry of supply and demand—specifically, the small number of producing and trafficking nations versus the large number of consuming nations.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	trafficking
释义	traffickingn. Brit. /ˈtrafᵻkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/ Forms: see traffic v. and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 traffiqueing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: traffic v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < traffic v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier traffic n. 1. a. Originally and in early use chiefly Scottish. The action of engaging in (typically clandestine) dealings or communication with another, later esp. an enemy or malevolent supernatural being; plotting, scheming; conspiracy. Also occasionally: an act or instance of this.In the late 16th and 17th cent. often with reference to Roman Catholic plotting against the state or established religion; cf. traffic v. 4a(a), trafficking adj. 1, and trafficker n. 2. ΚΠ 1567 in J. Beveridge & G. Donaldson Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1963) VI. 12/1 His traffiqueing in the realme of France..and committand certane crymes in the samin. a1630 D. Hume Hist. Houses Douglas & Angus (1644) ii. 262 That which incensed him most, was his correspondencie, and secret trafficking and meeting with the banished Douglasses. 1656 W. Sanderson Compl. Hist. Mary & James VI ii. 175 Their trafficking with forein Princes against Religion. 1714 Daily Courant 3 Nov. Being disturbed in our Religious Concerns, by the restless and intriguing trafficking of..Enemies of the Protestant Religion the Papists and their Abettors. 1755 in D. Moysie Mem. Affairs Scotl. Index Bothwell..Accused of trafficking with witches. 1816 Scots Mag. May 349/2 The notorious revelation of her trafficking with fiends, and holding communion with the spirits of darkness. 1826 J. Galt Last of Lairds xxi. 189 Ye ken best what trafeckin has been between you and her. 1863 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. VIII. viii. 132 Thus the antagonism went on, irritating Elizabeth..into dangerous traffickings with the Bishop of Aquila and his successor. 1919 Daily Mail 15 Mar. 5/6 A woman has been arrested in Paris on a charge of trafficking with the enemy. She..is alleged to have been on intimate terms with Hun officers. 1992 M. Blakesley in A. Miller Crucible Introd. p. x Many confessed to the sin of trafficking with the Devil when the only alternative was to be hanged. †b. Scottish. The process of arranging or negotiating something, probably in the context of private communication or secretive dealings. Cf. traffic v. 4a(b). Obsolete. rare.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > terms of agreement > negotiating or making terms bargain1330 treatyc1405 overture1427 chafferingc1449 treatingc1450 entreat1485 patising1530 practice1540 articulating1562 capitulation1569 entreatance1574 tractation1600 interdealing1611 negotiation1614 tractate1618 haggling1632 traffickinga1649 bargaining1669 conditioning1680 transacting1686 higgling1700 stipulation1792 treatment1828 haggle1829 coming to terms1843 a1649 W. Drummond Hist. Scotl. (1655) 11 The main business about which the Arch-bishop came, was the trafficking of a Marriage between Lewis the Daulphine..with Margaret Daughter to King Iames. 2. The action of traffic v. in various other senses; (in early use chiefly) the activity of engaging in trade; buying and selling; commerce; (later chiefly) illegal or illicit trade or dealing, esp. the distribution and sale of illegal drugs, or the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation. Also occasionally: an instance of this.Also with modifying word; see also child trafficking n., dope-trafficking n. human trafficking n., sex trafficking n., etc.From the late 19th and early 20th cent. used increasingly to denote illicit trade in goods or people, and gaining currency from the 1970s. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > [noun] mongingOE cheapinga1000 cheapOE chaffer?c1225 merchandisea1300 market-making1340 merchandyc1350 corseriec1380 chafferinga1382 need-doinga1382 changea1387 chapmanhoodc1386 cossery?a1400 bargaining1401 merchandisinga1425 merchandrya1450 intercourse1473 business1478 chapmanry1483 the feat of merchandisec1503 market1525 trade1549 marting1553 contractation1555 trading1556 merchantryc1560 marketing1561 mart1562 trafficking1570 contraction1582 tract1582 nundination1586 commerce1587 chafferya1599 negotiation1601 intertraffica1603 traffic1603 commercery1604 intertrading1606 correspondence1607 mercature1611 correspondency1613 coss?1635 negotiating1640 dealing1691 chapmanship1727 merchanting1883 intertrade1915 society > trade and finance > illegal or immoral trading > [noun] trafficking1570 traffic1583 horse-corsing1602 mongering1846 pinhooking1962 1570 C. Hodson & W. Borough Let. 15 July in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 426 We haue this winter..bene kept from trafiquing, to the companies great losse. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) ii. 294 By continuall trafficking with..Poland, and all the Easterne Countries,..they grow very wealthy. a1656 A. Gray Direct. Duty of Prayer (1669) i. 17 We conceive it [sc. prayer] is a sweet travelling and trafficking of the soul betwixt emptinesse and fulnesse..; or in short, it is a souls conference with God. 1674 G. Fox Line of Righteousness & Justice 10 See that you are..faithful to your Promises in all your Tradings, Traffickings, Bargainings. 1793 M. Harley Juliana Ormeston I. v. 28 May the inhuman practice of trafficking for human flesh be speedily abolished. 1879 Scotsman 26 Nov. 7/2 A bartering and trafficking in public interests for personal ends. 1896 Age (Melbourne) 8 Mar. 13/1 Between [convicts and certain of their custodians]..there is a constant commerce in contraband commodities, which is known in prison parlance by the term ‘trafficking’. 1919 Near East 19 Dec. 697/2 Inspectors..will..prevent illicit excavations and trafficking in objects of antiquity. 1946 Times of India 16 Dec. 1/4 More families..wish to adopt children; therefore, baby trafficking has resulted. 1989 D. J. Mabry Lat. Amer. Narcotics Trade vi. 75 The U.S. military..involved in fighting the production and trafficking in drugs from Latin America. 1994 Los Angeles Times 29 Jan. b3/4 Wardens say wildlife trafficking is increasingly well organized and often connected with narcotics and weapons dealing. 2013 Independent 27 Mar. 11/1 The accused..deny 47 counts that include rape, trafficking and organising prostitution of underage girls. 3. Cell Biology and Physiology. The movement or transportation of molecules, ions, cells (esp. leucocytes), etc., across membranes, between cells or tissues, or to a particular location within a cell or organ. Cf. traffic v. 7a, 7b. ΚΠ 1936 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 76 115 The trafficking between the internal environment and the external environment is dynamically structural and supplies the energies which activate the organism. 1970 J. E. Harris & J. G. Sinkovics Immunol. Malignant Dis. i. 15 This constant trafficking would suit the memory cell population's purpose of being available to meet old antigens wherever macrophages might find and hold antigen in lymphoid tissue. 1989 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 109 3231/2 Transgenic mice represent a valuable system for analysing trafficking pathways and sorting mechanisms of secretory proteins in vivo. 2012 Plant Physiol. 158 24/2 Regulated trafficking of proteins, RNAs, RNA-protein complexes, and other molecules into and out of the nucleus is important in diverse processes. Compounds C1. As a modifier. a. With the sense ‘of or relating to trade or commerce; for or employed in trading’, as in trafficking goods, trafficking place, trafficking vessel, trafficking voyage, etc. Now rare and chiefly historical. ΚΠ 1695 R. Ferguson Brief Acct. Incroachm. & Depredations of Dutch upon Eng. 49 We..did leave our selves destitute of such a Number of Ships of War, as might..have covered and defended our trafficking Vessels. 1726 Lives & Amours Queens & Royal Mistresses 165 Those Indulgences..are good trafficking Commodities. 1729 W. Hatchett tr. J. P. Bignon Adventures of Abdalla 9 Resolving to apply themselves to Commerce, and to go a trafficking Voyage to Siam. 1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire I. ii. i. 357 The parishes..contain..even 1000 and more farms, from 3 to 7 churches,..markets, and trafficking places. 1827 New Monthly Mag. 20 135 Shoals of little trafficking barks, laden with all the produce of the country. 1850 Chelmsford Chron. 15 Nov. The trafficking goods, such as I have mentioned—blankets, brass wire.., hatchets of very inferior make. 1860 Deseret News (Great Salt Lake City, Utah Territory) 26 Sept. 236/3 The Utah Chief, Arapeen, started with a strong party of his tribe on a trafficking expedition to the Navajoe country. 1938 C. P. Nettels Roots Amer. Civilization (1940) ix. 225 Plymouth Colony established trading posts on the Connecticut, Kennebec, and Penobscot Rivers, while..prior to 1650..Springfield was a trafficking center. b. With the sense ‘of, relating to, or associated with illegal or illicit trade or dealing, or with the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation’, as in trafficking offense, trafficking victim, etc. ΚΠ 1911 F. Martyn Holiday in Gaol (N.Y. ed.) xxxiv. 208 The prisoners in one of the halls were..searched to discover those who were concerned in alleged extensive trafficking operations. 1970 Washington Post 25 Jan. a14/1 Distribution of small amounts of marijuana for no profit..would not be treated as a trafficking offense. 1996 Forced Labor (U.S. Dept. Labor) p. x Cooperation by all relevant law enforcement agencies to dismantle trafficking networks and..training programs aimed at preventing sex tourism. 2015 G. Ritzer & P. Dean Globalization (ed. 2) x. 287 The vast majority of trafficking victims are women and girls. C2. trafficking ring n. an organization or network of people engaged in illegal or illicit trade or dealing, esp. the distribution and sale of illegal drugs, or the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation. ΚΠ 1927 Indianapolis Times 6 Apr. 1/6 (headline) Theft of 38 autos admitted. Local woman, two men are held as members of trafficking ring. 1944 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 11 June 5/3 Some of the opium..was obtained by trafficking rings and distributed where more profit could be made. 1973 Austin (Texas) Statesman 4 May 21/7 Governments have..broken up international trafficking rings and..made the illicit trade as dangerous for the traffickers as the merchandise is for the drug users. 2014 K. Rich Interviewing Rape Victims ii. 66 Once a trafficking ring takes root in a community, all local children become vulnerable. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). traffickingadj. Brit. /ˈtrafᵻkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/ Forms: see traffic v. and -ing suffix²; also Scottish pre-1700 trafequeing, pre-1700 traffequeing, pre-1700 trafficqueing, pre-1700 traffiqueing, pre-1700 traficqueing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: traffic v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < traffic v. + -ing suffix². †1. Scottish. Engaged in clandestine dealings or plots, typically for the purpose of making religious converts; proselytizing. Obsolete (historical in later use).Chiefly used of Roman Catholic proselytizers; cf. traffic v. 4a(a), trafficking n. 1a, and trafficker n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [adjective] > conspiring trafficking1592 colluding1611 conspiranta1616 colloguing1620 conspiratious1652 complotting1682 caballing1690 confederating1697 1592 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1592/4/32 Proclamationis maid..aganis Jesuites, seminary preistis and trafficqueing papistis. 1648 Declar. Commissioners of Gen. Assembly 15 Let Presbyteries..be carefull to discover, try, and censure any trafficking Sectaries, and all such as favour their opinions and wayes. 1671 W. Rait Vindic. Reformed Relig. Pref. to Rdr. sig. b^v This short dialogue was by her put into the hands of a traffiquing Romanist, and in stead of her Conversion so much desired, eight sheets of paper are stuffed with reflections. 1759 Scots Mag. June 329/1 Neil M^cFie, indicted as being a Popish priest, Jesuit, or trafficking Papist, was banished Scotland, never to return, if still a Papist, on pain of death. 1884 J. Mackintosh Hist. Civilization Scotl. III. xxix. 263 In the end of the year 1663, the town council of Aberdeen ordered that..three trafficking Quakers..should be conveyed out of the town. 2. Originally and until the mid 20th cent. chiefly: engaged in trading, esp. between nations; commercially active, mercantile. Now usually: engaged in illegal or illicit trade; involved in the trade in or procurement of human beings, typically for the purpose of exploitation. ΚΠ 1611 J. Maxwell Golden Art 21 The merchant and trafficking man [must] take pains to vnderstand what belongeth to the handling of merchandise & wares in the ship, & in the shop, at home & abroad. 1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 94/2 A rich and trafficking Town of the Kingdom of Peru. 1710 W. Forbes Let. Law of Election Members of Parl. 38 No Person can be Elected Commissioner for a Royal Burgh, unless he be a Burgess, and a Residing Trafficking Merchant therein. 1743 tr. P. de la Court Polit. Maxims of Holland iii. iii. 356 Sydon being a city in Syria, upon a coast abounding with fish and good havens,..was..a merchantile or trafficking city. 1835 Liberator (Boston) 24 Jan. 14/6 They are, eminently, a trafficking people, and trade directly with various parts of the civilized world. 1861 Morning Post 1 Aug. 2/2 Already their natural trafficking spirit has been roused. 1898 Quorn Mercury 19 Aug. That was merely the payment to the trafficking officer, tobacco and all luxuries for the prisoner having to be found by his friends. 1922 Compton's Pictured Encycl. III. 1529/2 Through the Phoenicians, the great trafficking race of the age, the early Greeks came in contact with the art of Babylonia, Assyria, and Egypt. 1997 P. Kwong Forbidden Workers 237 All nations have the responsibility..to arrest and prosecute trafficking criminals. 2009 L. Paoli et al. World Heroin Market i. iii. 67 Asymmetry of supply and demand—specifically, the small number of producing and trafficking nations versus the large number of consuming nations. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1567adj.1592
随便看	cock-blocks cock-brain cock-brained cock-brainness cock-brass cock-breeder cock-crowen cock-crowen kale cock-crower cock-feeder cock-glade cock-horse cock-laird cock-money cock-of-the-rock cock-of-wax cock-pecked cock-penny cock-road cock-robin shop cock-rocker cock-rumped cock-setter cock-sparrowish cock-stele