-ionsuffix¹

Primary stress is most commonly attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly; see e.g. patriation n.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French -ion; Latin -iōn-, -iō.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French -ion (French -ion) and its etymon classical Latin -iōn-, -iō, a suffix forming nouns of condition or action.Uses in Latin. In Latin found extremely commonly in formations from verbs, typically on the past participial or supine stem (in -t- , -s- , -x- ), e.g. damnātiō damnation n., complētiō completion n., monitiō monition n., mūnītiō munition n., nōtiō notion n., solūtiō solution n., actiō action n., mansiō mansion n., missiō mission n., cōnexiō connection n. Sometimes also found in formations on the main verb stem, as alluviō alluvion n., condiciō condition n., legiō legion n., obliviō oblivion n., opiniō opinion n. Formations are rarely found from adjectives or nouns, as commūniō communion n., portiō portion n., tāliō talion n.¹ History within English. There are occasional pre-Conquest borrowings from Latin in Old English, e.g. passion n., procession n. Borrowings either directly from Latin or (typically) via French are found very frequently in Middle English. These are most typically words ending in -tion , -sion , -xion , ultimately reflecting Latin formations on the past participial or supine stems of verbs (see above, and compare -tion suffix). Formations within English (chiefly on verbs ultimately of Latin origin) become common from the 16th cent. onwards (for a possible earlier example see supprission n.); for frequent patterns (ultimately reflecting formations on Latin verbs in -āre and in -ere or -īre ) see -ation suffix and -ition suffix.

Forming nouns of action from verbs. Cf. -ation suffix, -ition suffix.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

-ionsuffix²

Primary stress is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French -ion.

Etymology: < French -ion, suffix forming names of craniometric points (P. Broca 1875, in Bull. de la Soc. d'Anthropol. de Paris 10 346) < -ion (in inion inion n.). Compare German -ion (formations in which are found from the late 19th cent., e.g. Rhinion rhinion n.).Attested earliest in the early 19th cent. in the Greek loan inion n., and subsequently from the late 19th cent. in a number of French and (less frequently) German loans.

Physical Anthropology and Anatomy.

Categories »

Forming the names of craniometric points, as inion n., opisthion n., rhinion n., etc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

-ionsuffix³

Primary stress is either attracted to the first syllable of this suffix or retained by the preceding element. Vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ion n.

Etymology: < ion n., after anion n., cation n.The nomenclature as proposed by Daniell (see quot. 1840) did not catch on, but it gave rise to the current use of -ion , which in the 19th cent. is found especially in the writing of W. A. Miller. It did not achieve more widespread use until after the proposals of Walker (see quot. 1901, where the reference to Faraday is inaccurate), which were themselves not fully adopted. Compare:1840 J. F. Daniell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 130 212 [To Michael Faraday.] The term ion which you have introduced..and which you have further compounded into anion and cathion,..might be adopted as a general termination to note the compounds which in the electrolysis of a salt pass to the zincode, and..they might be specifically distinguished by prefixing the name of the acid slightly modified; thus, electrolytically considered, the sulphate of copper might be called the oxysulphion of copper; nitrate of potassa, the oxynitrion of potassium.1901 J. Walker in Chem. News 4 Oct. 162/1 A basis for such a nomenclature was supplied by Faraday, who used the termination ion in conjunction with the stems of the ordinary chemical names. Thus, sulphion was the negative ion or radical of the sulphates... The proposals which I make for naming the positive and negative radicals of salts, acids, and bases considered as ions are as follows... Hydrion..Sodion... Hydroxidion..Sulphidion [etc.].2000 W. H. Brock Chem. Tree x. 373 A terminology Daniell introduced for his electrolytic forms, ‘oxysulphion of hydrogen’, ‘oxynitrion of potassium’, etc., never caught on. Found in a number of scientific formations from the second half of the 19th cent.

Chemistry.

Forming the names of ions of elements (as chlorion n., hydrion n., sodion n.) and those of groups (as nitrion n., sulphion n.).

ΚΠ

1856 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. II. 1124 The tie which binds together nitrate of silver as Ag,NO₆, must be of a different order to that which unites the elements of nitrion (NO₆) together... Neither nitrion nor sulphion can exist in the separate form.

1875 Amer. Cycl. X. 465/1 The chlorine displaces the nitrion of the nitrate of silver.

1908 Bot. Gaz. 45 46 In order that the effects of the cathions might be clearly evident, only one anion, chlorion, was used.

1917 S. Sloan Electro-therapy Gynæcol. ii. 14 These sodions will thus become de-ionised: the metal sodium being set free.

1934 Sewage Wks. Jrnl. 6 693 They replace the ferric ions that have been adsorbed in flocculation and unite with the remaining chlorions to form hydrochloric acid.

1997 Physica C 278 108/2 We suggest that sulphions probably take the form of triangular coordinated [SO₃]²⁻ groups.

2007 I. G. Zekster et al. Submarine Groundwater ii. 126 The vertical distribution of chlorion in the pore waters of sea sediments.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

-ionsuffix⁴

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French -ion.

Etymology: < French -ion (1922 in the passage translated in quot. 1930 ), of unknown origin; perhaps an arbitrary formation.

Ecology.

(Not productive in English.) Forming the names of plant alliances (alliance n. 4d) from the names of their principal associations (association n. 12).

ΚΠ

1930 F. R. Bharucha tr. J. Braun-Blanquet & J. Pavillard Vocab. Plant Sociol. 23 For designation of Alliances, the suffix ‘-ion’ is added to the radical of the name of one of the principal associations of the alliance. Ex. Ammophilion-Genisteto-Vaccinion.

1967 Ecology 48 761/1 Most of these groups are not restricted to the Ulmo-Tilion. Some extend into the Tilio-Acerion.

1988 E. P. H. Best in J. J. Symoens Vegetation Inland Waters 169 Vollmar (1967) divided the Potamion into Parvo- and Magnopotamion.

1992 J. Terradas in J. Ros & N. Prat Homage to Ramon Margalef 339/2 Floristically, they are similar to maquis and so they are included by phytosociologists in the Rhamno-Quercion alliance.

2000 J. S. Rodwell Maritime Communities & Vegetation Open Habitats (2001) 118/2 Closed swards of this type have been located..in a Plantagini-Festucion alliance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

suffix¹

suffix²

suffix³1856

suffix⁴1930

单词	-ion
释义	-ionsuffix¹ Primary stress is most commonly attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly; see e.g. patriation n. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French -ion; Latin -iōn-, -iō. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French -ion (French -ion) and its etymon classical Latin -iōn-, -iō, a suffix forming nouns of condition or action.Uses in Latin. In Latin found extremely commonly in formations from verbs, typically on the past participial or supine stem (in -t- , -s- , -x- ), e.g. damnātiō damnation n., complētiō completion n., monitiō monition n., mūnītiō munition n., nōtiō notion n., solūtiō solution n., actiō action n., mansiō mansion n., missiō mission n., cōnexiō connection n. Sometimes also found in formations on the main verb stem, as alluviō alluvion n., condiciō condition n., legiō legion n., obliviō oblivion n., opiniō opinion n. Formations are rarely found from adjectives or nouns, as commūniō communion n., portiō portion n., tāliō talion n.¹ History within English. There are occasional pre-Conquest borrowings from Latin in Old English, e.g. passion n., procession n. Borrowings either directly from Latin or (typically) via French are found very frequently in Middle English. These are most typically words ending in -tion , -sion , -xion , ultimately reflecting Latin formations on the past participial or supine stems of verbs (see above, and compare -tion suffix). Formations within English (chiefly on verbs ultimately of Latin origin) become common from the 16th cent. onwards (for a possible earlier example see supprission n.); for frequent patterns (ultimately reflecting formations on Latin verbs in -āre and in -ere or -īre ) see -ation suffix and -ition suffix. Forming nouns of action from verbs. Cf. -ation suffix, -ition suffix. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021). -ionsuffix² Primary stress is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French -ion. Etymology: < French -ion, suffix forming names of craniometric points (P. Broca 1875, in Bull. de la Soc. d'Anthropol. de Paris 10 346) < -ion (in inion inion n.). Compare German -ion (formations in which are found from the late 19th cent., e.g. Rhinion rhinion n.).Attested earliest in the early 19th cent. in the Greek loan inion n., and subsequently from the late 19th cent. in a number of French and (less frequently) German loans. Physical Anthropology and Anatomy. Categories » Forming the names of craniometric points, as inion n., opisthion n., rhinion n., etc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021). -ionsuffix³ Primary stress is either attracted to the first syllable of this suffix or retained by the preceding element. Vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ion n. Etymology: < ion n., after anion n., cation n.The nomenclature as proposed by Daniell (see quot. 1840) did not catch on, but it gave rise to the current use of -ion , which in the 19th cent. is found especially in the writing of W. A. Miller. It did not achieve more widespread use until after the proposals of Walker (see quot. 1901, where the reference to Faraday is inaccurate), which were themselves not fully adopted. Compare:1840 J. F. Daniell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 130 212 [To Michael Faraday.] The term ion which you have introduced..and which you have further compounded into anion and cathion,..might be adopted as a general termination to note the compounds which in the electrolysis of a salt pass to the zincode, and..they might be specifically distinguished by prefixing the name of the acid slightly modified; thus, electrolytically considered, the sulphate of copper might be called the oxysulphion of copper; nitrate of potassa, the oxynitrion of potassium.1901 J. Walker in Chem. News 4 Oct. 162/1 A basis for such a nomenclature was supplied by Faraday, who used the termination ion in conjunction with the stems of the ordinary chemical names. Thus, sulphion was the negative ion or radical of the sulphates... The proposals which I make for naming the positive and negative radicals of salts, acids, and bases considered as ions are as follows... Hydrion..Sodion... Hydroxidion..Sulphidion [etc.].2000 W. H. Brock Chem. Tree x. 373 A terminology Daniell introduced for his electrolytic forms, ‘oxysulphion of hydrogen’, ‘oxynitrion of potassium’, etc., never caught on. Found in a number of scientific formations from the second half of the 19th cent. Chemistry. Forming the names of ions of elements (as chlorion n., hydrion n., sodion n.) and those of groups (as nitrion n., sulphion n.). ΚΠ 1856 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. II. 1124 The tie which binds together nitrate of silver as Ag,NO₆, must be of a different order to that which unites the elements of nitrion (NO₆) together... Neither nitrion nor sulphion can exist in the separate form. 1875 Amer. Cycl. X. 465/1 The chlorine displaces the nitrion of the nitrate of silver. 1908 Bot. Gaz. 45 46 In order that the effects of the cathions might be clearly evident, only one anion, chlorion, was used. 1917 S. Sloan Electro-therapy Gynæcol. ii. 14 These sodions will thus become de-ionised: the metal sodium being set free. 1934 Sewage Wks. Jrnl. 6 693 They replace the ferric ions that have been adsorbed in flocculation and unite with the remaining chlorions to form hydrochloric acid. 1997 Physica C 278 108/2 We suggest that sulphions probably take the form of triangular coordinated [SO₃]²⁻ groups. 2007 I. G. Zekster et al. Submarine Groundwater ii. 126 The vertical distribution of chlorion in the pore waters of sea sediments. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2020). -ionsuffix⁴ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French -ion. Etymology: < French -ion (1922 in the passage translated in quot. 1930 ), of unknown origin; perhaps an arbitrary formation. Ecology. (Not productive in English.) Forming the names of plant alliances (alliance n. 4d) from the names of their principal associations (association n. 12). ΚΠ 1930 F. R. Bharucha tr. J. Braun-Blanquet & J. Pavillard Vocab. Plant Sociol. 23 For designation of Alliances, the suffix ‘-ion’ is added to the radical of the name of one of the principal associations of the alliance. Ex. Ammophilion-Genisteto-Vaccinion. 1967 Ecology 48 761/1 Most of these groups are not restricted to the Ulmo-Tilion. Some extend into the Tilio-Acerion. 1988 E. P. H. Best in J. J. Symoens Vegetation Inland Waters 169 Vollmar (1967) divided the Potamion into Parvo- and Magnopotamion. 1992 J. Terradas in J. Ros & N. Prat Homage to Ramon Margalef 339/2 Floristically, they are similar to maquis and so they are included by phytosociologists in the Rhamno-Quercion alliance. 2000 J. S. Rodwell Maritime Communities & Vegetation Open Habitats (2001) 118/2 Closed swards of this type have been located..in a Plantagini-Festucion alliance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < suffix¹suffix²suffix³1856suffix⁴1930
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-ionsuffix1

-ionsuffix2

-ionsuffix3

-ionsuffix4

-ionsuffix¹

-ionsuffix²

-ionsuffix³

-ionsuffix⁴