titaniumn.adj.

1796 G. Pearson in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 86 426 (note) A new metal, named Titanium, lately announced in the German Journals.

1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 393 The substance from which titanium is extracted is a red schorl, found chiefly in Hungary.

1868 F. H. Joynson Metals in Constr. 28 A small quantity of titanium improves the quality of steel.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxxv. 678 Titanium is segregated most frequently in the form of ferrous titanate, or ilmenite, FeTiO₃.

1969 M. R. Sharpe Living in Space v. 133 The use of biochemically inert plastics and metals such as Teflon, titanium,..and stainless steel for artificial heart valves, tendons, blood vessels..and skeletal joints is becoming standard medical practice.

2017 MailOnline (Nexis) 30 May The phone is made out of titanium, instead of aluminium, to help it survive accidental drops.

1902 U.S. Patent 712,764 1/2 This little bowl is filled with titanium filings.

1936 Proc. Section Sci. Koninklijke Akad. van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam 39 518 The titanium wire was kept taut at higher temperatures by means of a tungsten spiral.

1952 Sci. News Lett. 3 May 287/2 A sample of titanium sheet is as valuable as if it were silver.

1990 Times 8 Nov. 22/1 Titanium implants are not available on the NHS and cost a private patient approximately £1,000 per tooth.

2002 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 29 June 8 All models have a lightweight titanium chassis and puncture-proof tyres.

2017 MailOnline (Nexis) 28 May He donned a pair of black aviator-style sunglasses with titanium frames.

1821 A. Ure Dict. Chem. Octohedrite, pyramidal titanium-ore.

1850 Chem. Gaz. 15 Aug. 314 Its quantitative composition..is probably identical with that of the analogous titanium compound.

1883 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1882–3 11 90 The soluble titanium salt is converted into the insoluble oxide and appears on the electrode, in some cases, as a white coating.

1926 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 114 407 On account of the titanium alloy being of only 17 per cent. strength, it is not practicable.

1948 R. M. Pearl Pop. Gemol. iii. 123 Associated with it was another scarce titanium mineral called neptunite, previously found only in Greenland.

1989 H. Menzies Fast Forward vi. 156 He hadn't seen an artificial heart, or artificial blood,..or a titanium alloy hip or knee joint.

1995 New Scientist 26 Aug. 19/1 The titanium compound is a photocatalyst, whose presence allows sunlight to decompose organic compounds.

2006 Deseret Morning News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 27 June Demand for titanium mill products exceeds the titanium industry's current and announced production capacity.

2010 Review (Rio Tinto) Mar. 13/2 Rutile (95 per cent TiO₂) is used to produce pure titanium metal, which is employed extensively in the aerospace and aviation industries.

1870 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 160 32 Professor Frankland kindly lent me the mercuric methide and the ketones; Professor Williamson the titanium tetrachloride, chromium oxychloride, and ethylic phosphite.

1889 I. Remsen Inorg. Chem. xxii. 417 Titanium Tetrafluoride... When treated with water it forms a compound analogous to fluosilicic acid.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxxv. 677 Both titanium trichloride and stannous chloride can be used as reducing agents.

1951 Internat. Sugar Jrnl. 53 285/2 The areas to be united are painted with a thin layer of titanium hydride solution, and solder placed on these painted parts.

1991 Metalworking Production Sept. 61/3 The hardmetal substrate is given a toughened surface layer before the coating layers—successively titanium carbide, alumina ceramic and titanium nitride—are applied.

2001 New Scientist 30 June 46/2 The Kroll process converts titanium ore into titanium tetrachloride and then reacts it with liquid magnesium to produce titanium metal and magnesium chloride.

2014 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 4 Dec. (City-D ed.) a3 Compared to titanium carbide made the old way, the claylike version had twice the capacity to store charge.

1877 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 32 688 Sulphate of titanium dioxide, TiS₂O₈ + 3H₂O, is a yellow resinous mass.

1936 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Apr. 723/1 Painting the face need no longer be attended with any danger. Titanium dioxide, for example, provides a perfect substitute for white lead.

1982 Sci. Amer. Oct. 58 (advt.) Titanium dioxide makes the plastic of your coffee cup opaque and the color of your telephone deep and bright.

2012 Kitchener-Waterloo (Ont.) (Nexis) 30 Aug. c7 Use zinc oxide or titanium dioxide sunscreen with a 30 SPF.

1850 Ann. Rep. Progress Chem. & Allied Sci. 1847–8 2 305 As a substitute for the green arsenic-pigments employed in painting, and in the printing of paper-hangings, Elsner has proposed the innoxious titanium-green (ferrocyanide of titanium).

1861 Chem. News 6 July 13/1 Titanium green then forms a beautiful dark green powder.

2004 N. Eastaugh et al. Pigment Compend. 364/1 The various sources which describe titanium green indicate that it was a titanium hexacyanoferrate(II) compound.

1870 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 160 201 Repetition of the experiment confirmed the delicacy of this test for the presence of titanium oxide.

1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 48 i. 640 The author describes the hydrated titanium oxide with phosphoric acid and various earths from the diamond diggings of Diamantina, in Brazil.

1908 Illuminating Engineer June 221/2 The Titanium oxides become volatilized while the Osmium particles come closer and closer together.

1955 Sci. News Let. 9 Apr. 233/1 A liquid at ordinary temperatures, titanium tetrachloride changes to smoky fumes of titanium oxide when air touches it.

2007 D. Talbot & J. Talbot Corrosion Sci. & Technol. (ed. 2) xii. 351 Titanium cannot be extracted from titanium oxides derived from these ores simply by reduction.

2009 Whole Dog Jrnl. May 9/3 Exported rawhides..may also be..painted with a coating of titanium oxide to make them appear white and pretty on the pet store shelves.

1814 J. Black tr. J. J. Berzelius Attempt Sci. Syst. Mineral. 83 Titanias ferrosus—Menachanite, Titanium-sand [Sw. titansand].

1967 Biogr. Mem. Fellows Royal Soc. 13 137 Analysing an Australian titanium sand Scott found an insoluble fraction which he thought to contain the element 72.

2016 Shenzhen Daily (Nexis) 13 June Because of its special geography, there are many places to explore, such as a beach with strange looking rocks, an area with volcanic rocks and a beach with titanium sand.

1950 Metal Industry Handbk. & Directory (ed. 39) i. 39/1 The resultant mixture of molten magnesium chloride, unused magnesium and titanium sponge is allowed to cool..and the product is bored out as chips.

1978 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 126 679/1 The extraction method normally used now is to chlorinate rutile (TiO₂), turning it into titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) liquid, which is then reduced with magnesium or sodium to produce titanium sponge which can subsequently be melted and cast into ingots.

2010 Metals Week (Nexis) 1 Nov. 16 There are currently 18 companies producing titanium sponge, nine of which are in China, compared with just two plants a decade ago.

1920 Chem. Abstr. 14 355 (heading) Titanium and titanium white.

1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting ii. 101 Titanium white is the oxide of a metal which until lately was considered as a curiosity in the laboratory.

2002 Prospect Dec. 67/2 Titanium white has covering power and brightness but, in mixture with black, it gives a cool bluish grey, unlike lead white.