† thorough-runv.

Forms:

α. Old English þurh-arn (3rd singular past indicative), Old English ðurh-arn (3rd singular past indicative), Old English þurh-yrnan, early Middle English þorh-earnde (past tense), early Middle English þorh-harnde (past tense), early Middle English þorh-hearnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-arnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-arnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-ærne, Middle English þurch-ernne.

β. Middle English thorou-ran (3rd singular past indicative), 1500s thorow-runne, 1600s thorough-run.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: through- prefix, run v.

Etymology: < through- prefix + run v. With the β. forms compare thorough- prefix. Compare West Frisian trochrinne (strong verb) to go or run through, Middle Dutch dōrerinnen (strong verb) to go or run through, to pierce, penetrate (early modern Dutch doorrinnen), Middle Dutch dōrerennen (Dutch doorrennen) (weak verb) to run or race through, Middle High German durchrinnen (strong verb) to run or flow through (German durchrinnen), Middle High German durchrennen (weak verb) to overrun (German durchrennen, also ‘to pierce, penetrate’).In Old English (in attested forms) a strong verb of Class III (with metathesis), þurh-yrnan ; in Middle English showing partial merger (in sense 3) with a compound of the (ultimately related) weak verb Old English ærnan to ride, to gallop. Compare discussion at run v. Re-formed (in sense 1) in the 16th cent.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To run through, pierce, penetrate. Cf. to run through 1 at run v. Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > by boring, piercing, or perforating > by sharp-pointed instrument

thorough-runOE

stick1675

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > make an opening or hole in or into > bore, pierce, or perforate > with something sharp-pointed > transpierce

through-stingeOE

thorough-runOE

spitc1275

through-shovec1330

through-ficchea1400

through-girdc1405

tresperce1484

transpierce1594

reeve1681

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) v. 220 Þæt swurd þe ðæra cildra lima ðurharn becom to þæra moddra heortan.

1566 J. Partridge Notable Hyst. Astianax & Polixena sig. B.ij Achilles onely sonne: Which must the mayde on fathers tombe, with sworde quite thorow runne.

1622 A. Holland Navmachia sig. B3 One might haue thought the battell was begun To see how Neptune first was thorough run.

1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid i. iv. 18 If..sharper things should be used, they would thorough-run the Wound.

a. transitive. To pervade.

ΚΠ

OE Judgement Day II 172 Ne mæg þær æni man..gedyrstig wesan, deman gehende, ac ealle þurhyrnð oga ætsomne, breostgehyda and se bitera wop.

b. intransitive. Of water: to flow through or over something.

ΚΠ

a1400 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 37 With-Inne helle-ȝate..Fire þat neuer sleckid shal be..þat al þo water in þo see, þof hit thorou-ran, ne myght hit bate.

3. transitive. To overrun. Cf. run v. 8b.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > invade [verb (intransitive)] > overrun or harry

harryc893

runc1275

thorough-runc1275

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6052 Þat lond heo þurh arnden [c1300 Otho þorh-harnde] & herȝeden.

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 8796 (MED) Brutlond hii þorh-hearnde and slowen and barnde.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 6079 (MED) His londes we schul þurch-ernne..& his tounes bernne.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	thorough-run
释义	† thorough-runv. Forms: α. Old English þurh-arn (3rd singular past indicative), Old English ðurh-arn (3rd singular past indicative), Old English þurh-yrnan, early Middle English þorh-earnde (past tense), early Middle English þorh-harnde (past tense), early Middle English þorh-hearnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-arnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-arnde (past tense), early Middle English þurh-ærne, Middle English þurch-ernne. β. Middle English thorou-ran (3rd singular past indicative), 1500s thorow-runne, 1600s thorough-run. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: through- prefix, run v. Etymology: < through- prefix + run v. With the β. forms compare thorough- prefix. Compare West Frisian trochrinne (strong verb) to go or run through, Middle Dutch dōrerinnen (strong verb) to go or run through, to pierce, penetrate (early modern Dutch doorrinnen), Middle Dutch dōrerennen (Dutch doorrennen) (weak verb) to run or race through, Middle High German durchrinnen (strong verb) to run or flow through (German durchrinnen), Middle High German durchrennen (weak verb) to overrun (German durchrennen, also ‘to pierce, penetrate’).In Old English (in attested forms) a strong verb of Class III (with metathesis), þurh-yrnan ; in Middle English showing partial merger (in sense 3) with a compound of the (ultimately related) weak verb Old English ærnan to ride, to gallop. Compare discussion at run v. Re-formed (in sense 1) in the 16th cent. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To run through, pierce, penetrate. Cf. to run through 1 at run v. Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > by boring, piercing, or perforating > by sharp-pointed instrument thorough-runOE stick1675 the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > make an opening or hole in or into > bore, pierce, or perforate > with something sharp-pointed > transpierce through-stingeOE thorough-runOE spitc1275 through-shovec1330 through-ficchea1400 through-girdc1405 tresperce1484 transpierce1594 reeve1681 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) v. 220 Þæt swurd þe ðæra cildra lima ðurharn becom to þæra moddra heortan. 1566 J. Partridge Notable Hyst. Astianax & Polixena sig. B.ij Achilles onely sonne: Which must the mayde on fathers tombe, with sworde quite thorow runne. 1622 A. Holland Navmachia sig. B3 One might haue thought the battell was begun To see how Neptune first was thorough run. 1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid i. iv. 18 If..sharper things should be used, they would thorough-run the Wound. 2. a. transitive. To pervade. ΚΠ OE Judgement Day II 172 Ne mæg þær æni man..gedyrstig wesan, deman gehende, ac ealle þurhyrnð oga ætsomne, breostgehyda and se bitera wop. b. intransitive. Of water: to flow through or over something. ΚΠ a1400 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 37 With-Inne helle-ȝate..Fire þat neuer sleckid shal be..þat al þo water in þo see, þof hit thorou-ran, ne myght hit bate. 3. transitive. To overrun. Cf. run v. 8b. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > invasion > invade [verb (intransitive)] > overrun or harry harryc893 runc1275 thorough-runc1275 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6052 Þat lond heo þurh arnden [c1300 Otho þorh-harnde] & herȝeden. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 8796 (MED) Brutlond hii þorh-hearnde and slowen and barnde. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 6079 (MED) His londes we schul þurch-ernne..& his tounes bernne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < v.OE
随便看	weatherbasket weatherbeam weatherbeat weatherbeaten weatherbeating weatherbit weatherbitt weatherbitten weatherblade weatherblate weatherbleached weatherbleat weatherblown weatherboard weatherboarded weatherboarding weatherboardings weatherboards weatherborne weatherbound weatherbow weatherbowline weatherbox weatherbrace weatherbrained