bourgn.

Brit.

/bʊəɡ/, U.S.

/bʊ(ə)rɡ/

Forms: 1500s–1600s bourge, 1500s– bourg.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bourg.

Etymology: < Middle French, French bourg walled settlement (especially under the protection of a castle), small market town (c1360; c1100 in Old French as burc ) < classical Latin burgus castle, fort (attested from the late 2nd cent. a.d. in inscriptions), in post-classical Latin also fortified town (a636 in Isidore with reference to continental towns, from 8th cent. in British sources with reference to pre-Conquest England), settlement outside a city, suburb (9th cent.), borough (frequently from 1086 in British sources), (in Scotland) burgh (frequently from c1120 in British sources), either < ancient Greek πύργος tower (see pyrgologist n.) or directly < the Germanic base of borough n. Compare Old Occitan borc (c1160), Catalan burg (13th cent.), Spanish burgo (1087), Portuguese burgo (1123), Italian borgo (1348–53). Compare earlier borough n.Frequently used to render French bourg and its cognates in the Romance languages, as well as cognates of borough n. in other Germanic languages. Compare borg n. On the senses of post-classical Latin burgus see detailed article in J. F. Niermeyer Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus (1976).

= borough n. (in various senses; used esp. with reference to places outside Britain). In later use chiefly in French and French-speaking contexts: a market town or large village.Formerly sometimes spec. used of a town or village lying adjacent to and under the protection of a castle.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun]

boroughc893

towneOE

portOE

city?c1225

bourg1536

burgh1798

voil1821

nagar1921

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > fortified or defended town

wall-town1488

bourg1536

castle-town1646

bastide1881

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > market town

port townc1300

market town1449

mart town1736

bourg1840

1536 R. Morison Remedy for Sedition sig. 15^v Many bourges in Germany, haue a great nombre of Jewes in them.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xvi. 17 This Bourg [Fr. Bourg] is not defensible agaynst any great siege.

1593 T. Danett tr. L. Guicciardini Descr. Low Countreys f. 127 Buillon is a good castell standing wonderfull artificiallie vpon the point of a hill, with a great bourg [It. borgo] vnder it, which somtime was a fair town.

1609 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Low-Country Common Wealth 161 Doubourg is the most ancient town of Zealand, but now it is but a Bourg..yet it retaines still the municipall priuiledge of a towne.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vii. 353 The marine Bourge of Molino.

1690 London Gaz. No. 2603/1 A great Bourg called Canina.

1707 W. Darrell Gentleman Instructed: 2nd Pt. v. 65 He can only loose an abandon'd Bourg.

1790 M. Berry Jrnl. 19 Oct. in Extracts Jrnls. & Corr. (1865) I. 221 At Cosne and Pouilly, two wretched little towns or bourgs, they plague you to buy knives and gloves they manufacture.

1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 161 They reached the bourg of Rossillon.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 15 Ye think the rustic cackle of your bourg The murmur of the world!

1902 H. Haynie Paris I. ii. 40 The bourgs multiplied, the city reached out to some of them, and they became quartiers.

1941 Rev. Polit. 3 283 Many of these castles were placed to dominate bourgs and villages.

1979 T. W. Margadant French Peasants in Revolt vii. 148 Enough elitist families were present in bourgs and large agglomerated villages to sustain well-defined factions.

2001 P. Dine French Rugby Football 139 He..finished his life where he had started it, amid the bourgs of his native pays in the Landes, in the heartland of French rugby football.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bourg
释义	bourgn. Brit. /bʊəɡ/, U.S. /bʊ(ə)rɡ/ Forms: 1500s–1600s bourge, 1500s– bourg. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bourg. Etymology: < Middle French, French bourg walled settlement (especially under the protection of a castle), small market town (c1360; c1100 in Old French as burc ) < classical Latin burgus castle, fort (attested from the late 2nd cent. a.d. in inscriptions), in post-classical Latin also fortified town (a636 in Isidore with reference to continental towns, from 8th cent. in British sources with reference to pre-Conquest England), settlement outside a city, suburb (9th cent.), borough (frequently from 1086 in British sources), (in Scotland) burgh (frequently from c1120 in British sources), either < ancient Greek πύργος tower (see pyrgologist n.) or directly < the Germanic base of borough n. Compare Old Occitan borc (c1160), Catalan burg (13th cent.), Spanish burgo (1087), Portuguese burgo (1123), Italian borgo (1348–53). Compare earlier borough n.Frequently used to render French bourg and its cognates in the Romance languages, as well as cognates of borough n. in other Germanic languages. Compare borg n. On the senses of post-classical Latin burgus see detailed article in J. F. Niermeyer Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus (1976). = borough n. (in various senses; used esp. with reference to places outside Britain). In later use chiefly in French and French-speaking contexts: a market town or large village.Formerly sometimes spec. used of a town or village lying adjacent to and under the protection of a castle. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] boroughc893 towneOE portOE city?c1225 bourg1536 burgh1798 voil1821 nagar1921 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > fortified or defended town wall-town1488 bourg1536 castle-town1646 bastide1881 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > market town port townc1300 market town1449 mart town1736 bourg1840 1536 R. Morison Remedy for Sedition sig. 15^v Many bourges in Germany, haue a great nombre of Jewes in them. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xvi. 17 This Bourg [Fr. Bourg] is not defensible agaynst any great siege. 1593 T. Danett tr. L. Guicciardini Descr. Low Countreys f. 127 Buillon is a good castell standing wonderfull artificiallie vpon the point of a hill, with a great bourg [It. borgo] vnder it, which somtime was a fair town. 1609 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Low-Country Common Wealth 161 Doubourg is the most ancient town of Zealand, but now it is but a Bourg..yet it retaines still the municipall priuiledge of a towne. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vii. 353 The marine Bourge of Molino. 1690 London Gaz. No. 2603/1 A great Bourg called Canina. 1707 W. Darrell Gentleman Instructed: 2nd Pt. v. 65 He can only loose an abandon'd Bourg. 1790 M. Berry Jrnl. 19 Oct. in Extracts Jrnls. & Corr. (1865) I. 221 At Cosne and Pouilly, two wretched little towns or bourgs, they plague you to buy knives and gloves they manufacture. 1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 161 They reached the bourg of Rossillon. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 15 Ye think the rustic cackle of your bourg The murmur of the world! 1902 H. Haynie Paris I. ii. 40 The bourgs multiplied, the city reached out to some of them, and they became quartiers. 1941 Rev. Polit. 3 283 Many of these castles were placed to dominate bourgs and villages. 1979 T. W. Margadant French Peasants in Revolt vii. 148 Enough elitist families were present in bourgs and large agglomerated villages to sustain well-defined factions. 2001 P. Dine French Rugby Football 139 He..finished his life where he had started it, amid the bourgs of his native pays in the Landes, in the heartland of French rugby football. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1536
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