Thomasn.

Brit.

/ˈtɒməs/, U.S.

/ˈtɑməs/

Etymology: < Latin Thōmās, Greek Θωμᾶς.

1. A Greek, Latin, and common Christian name; well known as that of the ‘doubting apostle’ (see John xx. 25), and hence used allusively; also used as a representative proper name for one of the populace taken at random. Familiarly abbreviated to Tom n.¹, the dim. or pet form of which is Tommy n.¹

ΚΠ

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 24 Thomas an of þam twelfon þe ys gecweden didimus..næs mid him þa se hælend com.

c1275 Old Eng. Misc. 90 Haly thomas of heoue[n]riche.

c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 5080 Ȝe, so I drede me, by seynt Thomas.

c1620 T. Robinson Mary Magdalene (1899) ii. lxxix. 1519 O, that I might, with waueringe Thomas, dippe The finger of my faith within his side.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Thomas (Hebr.) signifies twin, or as some will have it, bottomlesse deep.

1848 E. C. Gaskell Mary Barton I. xii. 230 Mary, don't let my being an unbelieving Thomas weaken your faith.

1883 Harper's Mag. June 93/1 Doubting Thomases, who will only believe what they see, must wait awhile.

2. Generic name for a footman or waiter.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > [noun] > liveried > footman or flunkey

footman1662

flunkey1786

yellow-plush1841

Jeames1846

Thomas1846

John Thomas1860

little man1885

1846 C. G. F. Gore Sketches Eng. Char. (1852) 78 The gossip of one fashionable dinner-table alone, within ear-shot of three or four first-rate Thomases, is sufficient to disperse throughout the town rumours enough to set a hundred families of consideration into a ferment.

1901 Daily Graphic 23 Feb. The ‘men’ are not any less ‘splendid’ because they are known by this diminutive term [Tommy], any more than waiters are heroic because we give them their full title of ‘Thomas’.

3. colloquial. [Short for Thomas Atkins n.] A British private soldier; = Tommy n.¹ 3. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun] > British

Thomas Atkins1815

Tommy Atkins1850

Tommy1881

Thomas1888

Atkins1890

woodbine1918

1888 R. Kipling in Pioneer Mail (Allahabad) 29 Feb. 269/2 Every Thomas is interesting, except when he is too drunk to speak.

1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 67 Thomas's first and firmest conviction is that he is a profound Orientalist and a fluent speaker of Hindustani.

1897 Allahabad Pioneer in Westm. Gaz. 14 Dec. 7/3 ‘You take my advice, Bill,’ remarked one Thomas to another,..‘don't you never stand near no white stone or yet near no horcifer.’

1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 486/2 Forty picked Thomases of the original Mounted Infantry Corps, an Afrikander guide, three white and two Kaffir scouts..were now..threading their way through the rolling veldt.

1915 ‘I. Hay’ First Hundred Thousand vi. 46 It is wonderful what Thomas can lose when he sets his mind to it.

4. Surgery. The name of H. O. Thomas (1834–91), English surgeon, used attributively and in the possessive to designate a splint that he invented for immobilizing the hip, consisting of a rigid bar that extends from the back to the calf and is bandaged to the leg, and with rings attached that partly encircle the chest and leg; also (now the usual sense), a splint consisting of a soft ring encircling the thigh from which two rigid rods extend on each side of the leg and meet beyond the foot, allowing traction to be applied to the leg via the cross-piece or the knee to be immobilized.

ΚΠ

1884 W. Pye Surg. Handicraft xxiii. 291 There are many other ways of treating acute hip disease... By Thomas' splint.

1940 N. Mitford Pigeon Pie vi. 102 If..real casualties were brought in and found all the personnel tied up in Thomas's splints.

1961 Countryman 58 iii. 600 The M.O...fixed my fractured leg in a Thomas splint.

1974 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. III. iv. 11/2 The Thomas' splint is designed so that when the traction tapes are tightened over the end of the splint, a counter thrust is exerted through the padded ring against the bony prominence of the ischium.

5. The name of S. G. Thomas (1850–85), English metallurgist and inventor, used attributively to designate a steel-making process like the Bessemer process but using a converter with a basic instead of an acid lining, so that phosphorus is removed (invented by Thomas in 1878). Also Thomas–Gilchrist [P. Gilchrist (1851–1935), cousin and collaborator of Thomas] .

ΚΠ

1881 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 346/1 Owing to the success of these operations, the ‘basic’ process has been more frequently spoken of as the ‘Thomas-Gilchrist process’.

1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 112 523 Notwithstanding prognostications as to the supersession..of the Bessemer acid and basic (Thomas) process by the open-hearth process, it is certain that..the Bessemer process will long continue to hold its own.

1948 H. W. Baker Mod. Workshop Technol. i. 22 In the Thomas process the necessary amount of lime..is charged into the converter..before the iron..is poured in.

1973 R. D. Pehlke Unit Processes Extractive Metall. iv. 88 The Siemens-Martin process, commonly referred to as the open hearth process, was developed at about the same time as the Thomas process.

Compounds

St. Thomas', in compounds.

St. Thomas' balsam n. = balsam of Tolu, variant of tolu balsam n. at tolu n.

† St. Thomas' coin n. (also St. Thomas coin) Obsolete ? an East Indian coin.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > coins of Indian subcontinent

fanam1555

St. Thomas' coin1559

pardao1582

seraphin1582

chequina1587

pagody1588

pagoda1598

tanga1598

mahmudi1612

rupee1612

mohur1614

tola1614

lakh1615

picec1617

sicca rupee1619

rupee1678

anna1680

cash1711

R1711

star pagoda1741

pie1756

sicca1757

dam1781

dub1781

hun1807

swamy-pagoda1813

chick1842

re1856

paisa1884

naya paisa1956

poisha1974

1559 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1897) II. 110 Novem pecias auri vulgo dictas Saintte Thomas coyne.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 53 Their Coins are of Gold; a St. Thomas, 10s. a Fanam, 7 and ½ of which go to a Dollar, or Petacha.

St. Thomas' tree n. Bauhinia tomentosa or B. variegata of the East Indies, the pale yellow petals of which are spotted with crimson, fabled to be the blood of St. Thomas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Asian trees or shrubs > [noun] > other Asian trees or shrubs

China-pea1660

pea tree1766

koelreuteria1789

stink-tree1795

ume1822

Java almond1824

weenonga1838

St. Thomas' tree1866

golden shower1882

Jew's mallow1884

mokihana1888

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 130/2 B. tomentosa..forms a small tree,..having yellow flowers spotted with crimson, which has given rise to the superstitious idea that they are sprinkled with the blood of St. Thomas, hence the tree is called St. Thomas' Tree.

1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 332 St. Thomas' Tree... Shrub or small tree.

St. Thomas worsted n. see saint adj. and n. Compounds 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > made from specific types of wool > worsted > types of

stamin?c1225

worsted1348

monk's cloth1441

set cloth1467

vesse1483

St. Thomas worsted1518

St. Omer's worsted1530

caddis1558

cloth-rash1592

Philip and Cheyney1614

none-so-pretty1622

tammy1675

cheyneyc1680

crape1682

bunting1742

beaudoy1759

wildbore1784

Princetta?1790

Circassian1824

plain-back1830

Coburg1844

Tournai1858

Tricotine1914

1518 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. 95 A jaket of tawny Saint Thomas worsted.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	thomas
释义	Thomasn. Brit. /ˈtɒməs/, U.S. /ˈtɑməs/ Etymology: < Latin Thōmās, Greek Θωμᾶς. 1. A Greek, Latin, and common Christian name; well known as that of the ‘doubting apostle’ (see John xx. 25), and hence used allusively; also used as a representative proper name for one of the populace taken at random. Familiarly abbreviated to Tom n.¹, the dim. or pet form of which is Tommy n.¹ ΚΠ c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 24 Thomas an of þam twelfon þe ys gecweden didimus..næs mid him þa se hælend com. c1275 Old Eng. Misc. 90 Haly thomas of heoue[n]riche. c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 5080 Ȝe, so I drede me, by seynt Thomas. c1620 T. Robinson Mary Magdalene (1899) ii. lxxix. 1519 O, that I might, with waueringe Thomas, dippe The finger of my faith within his side. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Thomas (Hebr.) signifies twin, or as some will have it, bottomlesse deep. 1848 E. C. Gaskell Mary Barton I. xii. 230 Mary, don't let my being an unbelieving Thomas weaken your faith. 1883 Harper's Mag. June 93/1 Doubting Thomases, who will only believe what they see, must wait awhile. 2. Generic name for a footman or waiter. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > [noun] > liveried > footman or flunkey footman1662 flunkey1786 yellow-plush1841 Jeames1846 Thomas1846 John Thomas1860 little man1885 1846 C. G. F. Gore Sketches Eng. Char. (1852) 78 The gossip of one fashionable dinner-table alone, within ear-shot of three or four first-rate Thomases, is sufficient to disperse throughout the town rumours enough to set a hundred families of consideration into a ferment. 1901 Daily Graphic 23 Feb. The ‘men’ are not any less ‘splendid’ because they are known by this diminutive term [Tommy], any more than waiters are heroic because we give them their full title of ‘Thomas’. 3. colloquial. [Short for Thomas Atkins n.] A British private soldier; = Tommy n.¹ 3. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun] > British Thomas Atkins1815 Tommy Atkins1850 Tommy1881 Thomas1888 Atkins1890 woodbine1918 1888 R. Kipling in Pioneer Mail (Allahabad) 29 Feb. 269/2 Every Thomas is interesting, except when he is too drunk to speak. 1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 67 Thomas's first and firmest conviction is that he is a profound Orientalist and a fluent speaker of Hindustani. 1897 Allahabad Pioneer in Westm. Gaz. 14 Dec. 7/3 ‘You take my advice, Bill,’ remarked one Thomas to another,..‘don't you never stand near no white stone or yet near no horcifer.’ 1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 486/2 Forty picked Thomases of the original Mounted Infantry Corps, an Afrikander guide, three white and two Kaffir scouts..were now..threading their way through the rolling veldt. 1915 ‘I. Hay’ First Hundred Thousand vi. 46 It is wonderful what Thomas can lose when he sets his mind to it. 4. Surgery. The name of H. O. Thomas (1834–91), English surgeon, used attributively and in the possessive to designate a splint that he invented for immobilizing the hip, consisting of a rigid bar that extends from the back to the calf and is bandaged to the leg, and with rings attached that partly encircle the chest and leg; also (now the usual sense), a splint consisting of a soft ring encircling the thigh from which two rigid rods extend on each side of the leg and meet beyond the foot, allowing traction to be applied to the leg via the cross-piece or the knee to be immobilized. ΚΠ 1884 W. Pye Surg. Handicraft xxiii. 291 There are many other ways of treating acute hip disease... By Thomas' splint. 1940 N. Mitford Pigeon Pie vi. 102 If..real casualties were brought in and found all the personnel tied up in Thomas's splints. 1961 Countryman 58 iii. 600 The M.O...fixed my fractured leg in a Thomas splint. 1974 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. III. iv. 11/2 The Thomas' splint is designed so that when the traction tapes are tightened over the end of the splint, a counter thrust is exerted through the padded ring against the bony prominence of the ischium. 5. The name of S. G. Thomas (1850–85), English metallurgist and inventor, used attributively to designate a steel-making process like the Bessemer process but using a converter with a basic instead of an acid lining, so that phosphorus is removed (invented by Thomas in 1878). Also Thomas–Gilchrist [P. Gilchrist (1851–1935), cousin and collaborator of Thomas] . ΚΠ 1881 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 346/1 Owing to the success of these operations, the ‘basic’ process has been more frequently spoken of as the ‘Thomas-Gilchrist process’. 1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 112 523 Notwithstanding prognostications as to the supersession..of the Bessemer acid and basic (Thomas) process by the open-hearth process, it is certain that..the Bessemer process will long continue to hold its own. 1948 H. W. Baker Mod. Workshop Technol. i. 22 In the Thomas process the necessary amount of lime..is charged into the converter..before the iron..is poured in. 1973 R. D. Pehlke Unit Processes Extractive Metall. iv. 88 The Siemens-Martin process, commonly referred to as the open hearth process, was developed at about the same time as the Thomas process. Compounds St. Thomas', in compounds. St. Thomas' balsam n. = balsam of Tolu, variant of tolu balsam n. at tolu n. † St. Thomas' coin n. (also St. Thomas coin) Obsolete ? an East Indian coin. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > coins of Indian subcontinent fanam1555 St. Thomas' coin1559 pardao1582 seraphin1582 chequina1587 pagody1588 pagoda1598 tanga1598 mahmudi1612 rupee1612 mohur1614 tola1614 lakh1615 picec1617 sicca rupee1619 rupee1678 anna1680 cash1711 R1711 star pagoda1741 pie1756 sicca1757 dam1781 dub1781 hun1807 swamy-pagoda1813 chick1842 re1856 paisa1884 naya paisa1956 poisha1974 1559 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1897) II. 110 Novem pecias auri vulgo dictas Saintte Thomas coyne. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 53 Their Coins are of Gold; a St. Thomas, 10s. a Fanam, 7 and ½ of which go to a Dollar, or Petacha. St. Thomas' tree n. Bauhinia tomentosa or B. variegata of the East Indies, the pale yellow petals of which are spotted with crimson, fabled to be the blood of St. Thomas. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Asian trees or shrubs > [noun] > other Asian trees or shrubs China-pea1660 pea tree1766 koelreuteria1789 stink-tree1795 ume1822 Java almond1824 weenonga1838 St. Thomas' tree1866 golden shower1882 Jew's mallow1884 mokihana1888 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 130/2 B. tomentosa..forms a small tree,..having yellow flowers spotted with crimson, which has given rise to the superstitious idea that they are sprinkled with the blood of St. Thomas, hence the tree is called St. Thomas' Tree. 1887 C. A. Moloney Sketch Forestry W. Afr. 332 St. Thomas' Tree... Shrub or small tree. St. Thomas worsted n. see saint adj. and n. Compounds 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > made from specific types of wool > worsted > types of stamin?c1225 worsted1348 monk's cloth1441 set cloth1467 vesse1483 St. Thomas worsted1518 St. Omer's worsted1530 caddis1558 cloth-rash1592 Philip and Cheyney1614 none-so-pretty1622 tammy1675 cheyneyc1680 crape1682 bunting1742 beaudoy1759 wildbore1784 Princetta?1790 Circassian1824 plain-back1830 Coburg1844 Tournai1858 Tricotine1914 1518 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. 95 A jaket of tawny Saint Thomas worsted. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1000
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