thermionicadj.

/θəːmɪˈɒnɪk/

Etymology: < thermion n. + -ic suffix.

Physics.

Of, pertaining to, or employing electrons emitted from an incandescent surface; thermionic valve, an electronic device consisting of an evacuated envelope containing two or more electrodes, such that a current can flow only in one direction as a result of thermionic emission from one electrode.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun]

tube1859

valve1905

thermionic valve1909

bottle1940

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [adjective]

thermionic1909

1909 O. W. Richardson in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 17 814 Here we have two currents: the current used to heat the wire and the thermionic current away from the surface of the latter.

1915 Electrician 21 May 241/1 The thermionic current..increased at first.

1917 Wireless World June 152 The invention by the writer [sc. J. A. Fleming] of this article of the thermionic detector.

1917 Wireless World June 158 Known by various titles, such as Fleming valve, vacuum valve,..thermionic valve, and audion valve, it is the result of experiments extending over a large number of years.

1920 Glasgow Herald 9 July 10 What with the high-frequency alternator, and..the thermionic valve, wireless practice has been very much revolutionised.

1928 Daily Express 13 Dec. 9 A thermionic reflexometer.

1933 Jrnl. Exper. Biol. 10 293 (heading) A thermionic potentiometer for measuring light intensity with photo-electric cells.

1956 G. A. Montgomerie Digital Calculating Machines xi. 216 By using thermionic valves and similar devices, the speed of automatic computors can be made very much higher.

1957 Times 26 Nov. 10/6 A new ‘thermionic converter’..takes advantage of the fact that electrons can be ‘boiled out’ of a hot metal surface and used to produce an electric current directly.

1975 D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. xxvii. 18 In a thermionic generator..electrons are emitted from the heated cathode..and collected by a cooler anode.

Derivatives

thermiˈonically adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > [adverb] > from incandescent surface

thermionically1922

1922 J. Mills Within Atom vii. 74 When electrons are being thermionically emitted from a heated wire.

1947 Jrnl. Optical Soc. Amer. 37 424/2 Associated with this component of the dark current is a shot noise resulting from random thermionically emitted electrons.

thermiˈonics n. (plural) the branch of science and technology concerned with thermionic emission.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > [noun] > branches of

thermionics1909

hi-fi1938

photoelectronics1940

radionics1943

optoelectronics1959

acoustoelectronics1968

optronics1968

ovonics1968

mechatronics1976

molecular electronics1983

biomechatronics1988

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun] > study of

thermionics1909

1909 O. W. Richardson in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 17 814 The author ventures to suggest that the word ‘Thermionics’..is very suitable for the purpose.

1933 E. L. Chaffee Theory of Thermionic Vacuum Tubes i. 8 Early experimenters in the field of thermionics believed that the emission of electricity from hot bodies..was the result of some sort of chemical reaction.

1940 Times 31 Aug. 7/4 New branches of knowledge like..photo-electricity, and thermionics sprang up out of the fertile soil.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XII. 542a/1 In thermionics, power densities of 25 watt/cm² at emitter temperatures of 1700°C have been obtained with hardware which is suitable for [space] flight.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	thermionic
释义	thermionicadj. /θəːmɪˈɒnɪk/ Etymology: < thermion n. + -ic suffix. Physics. Of, pertaining to, or employing electrons emitted from an incandescent surface; thermionic valve, an electronic device consisting of an evacuated envelope containing two or more electrodes, such that a current can flow only in one direction as a result of thermionic emission from one electrode. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun] tube1859 valve1905 thermionic valve1909 bottle1940 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [adjective] thermionic1909 1909 O. W. Richardson in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 17 814 Here we have two currents: the current used to heat the wire and the thermionic current away from the surface of the latter. 1915 Electrician 21 May 241/1 The thermionic current..increased at first. 1917 Wireless World June 152 The invention by the writer [sc. J. A. Fleming] of this article of the thermionic detector. 1917 Wireless World June 158 Known by various titles, such as Fleming valve, vacuum valve,..thermionic valve, and audion valve, it is the result of experiments extending over a large number of years. 1920 Glasgow Herald 9 July 10 What with the high-frequency alternator, and..the thermionic valve, wireless practice has been very much revolutionised. 1928 Daily Express 13 Dec. 9 A thermionic reflexometer. 1933 Jrnl. Exper. Biol. 10 293 (heading) A thermionic potentiometer for measuring light intensity with photo-electric cells. 1956 G. A. Montgomerie Digital Calculating Machines xi. 216 By using thermionic valves and similar devices, the speed of automatic computors can be made very much higher. 1957 Times 26 Nov. 10/6 A new ‘thermionic converter’..takes advantage of the fact that electrons can be ‘boiled out’ of a hot metal surface and used to produce an electric current directly. 1975 D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. xxvii. 18 In a thermionic generator..electrons are emitted from the heated cathode..and collected by a cooler anode. Derivatives thermiˈonically adv. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > [adverb] > from incandescent surface thermionically1922 1922 J. Mills Within Atom vii. 74 When electrons are being thermionically emitted from a heated wire. 1947 Jrnl. Optical Soc. Amer. 37 424/2 Associated with this component of the dark current is a shot noise resulting from random thermionically emitted electrons. thermiˈonics n. (plural) the branch of science and technology concerned with thermionic emission. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > [noun] > branches of thermionics1909 hi-fi1938 photoelectronics1940 radionics1943 optoelectronics1959 acoustoelectronics1968 optronics1968 ovonics1968 mechatronics1976 molecular electronics1983 biomechatronics1988 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > thermionic valve > [noun] > study of thermionics1909 1909 O. W. Richardson in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 17 814 The author ventures to suggest that the word ‘Thermionics’..is very suitable for the purpose. 1933 E. L. Chaffee Theory of Thermionic Vacuum Tubes i. 8 Early experimenters in the field of thermionics believed that the emission of electricity from hot bodies..was the result of some sort of chemical reaction. 1940 Times 31 Aug. 7/4 New branches of knowledge like..photo-electricity, and thermionics sprang up out of the fertile soil. 1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XII. 542a/1 In thermionics, power densities of 25 watt/cm² at emitter temperatures of 1700°C have been obtained with hardware which is suitable for [space] flight. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < adj.1909
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