terroristn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈtɛrərɪst/, U.S.

/ˈtɛrərəst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: terror n., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < terror n. + -ist suffix, in sense A. 1a after French terroriste (August 1794; the use in sense A. 1b is not paralleled in French until later (1831), while sense A. 2 is not paralleled in French at all). Compare slightly later terrorism n. With use as adjective compare French terroriste, adjective (1855).In quots. 1883, 1905 at sense A. 1b after Russian terrorist″ (1880 or earlier in this sense; 1815 or earlier in sense A. 1a; now terrorist).

A. n.

1. As a political term.

a. French History. Chiefly with capital initial. In the French Revolution, an adherent or supporter of the Jacobins, who advocated and practised methods of partisan repression and bloodshed in the propagation of the principles of democracy and equality. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary > participant in specific revolution

regicide1648

revolutioner1690

sansculotte1790

federate1793

regicide1793

terrorist1794

Thermidorian1801

tricoteuse1828

filibuster1854

nihilist1868

peshmerga1963

1794 Courier & Evening Gaz. 10 Nov. The Section Lepelletier, formerly the firmest in support of the Jacobin Society, declared eternal war against the terrorists and intriguers.

1795 E. Burke Lett. Peace Regic. France iv, in Wks. (1818) IX. 75 Thousands of those Hell-hounds called Terrorists..are let loose on the people.

1818 P. Hervé Beauties Paris II. 296 He assisted La Fayette in endeavouring to defend the king from the terrorists.

1877 J. Morley Crit. Misc. 2nd Ser. 83 That pithy chapter in Machiavelli's ‘Prince’ which treats of cruelty and clemency..anticipates the defence of the Terrorists.

1902 H. E. Bourne Teaching of Hist. & Civics ii. xvii. 317 This does not mean that the teacher should explain away the injustices and the atrocities of the Revolution or should seek to excuse the Terrorists.

2000 M. L. Kennedy Jacobin Clubs in French Revol. iii. xvii. 259 Leaders of the Terror became targets of verbal abuse. The terrorists counterattacked on the twenty-third.

b. A person who uses violent and intimidating methods in the pursuit of political aims; esp. a member of a clandestine or expatriate organization aiming to coerce an established government by acts of violence against it or its subjects. The term terrorist is generally considered to be derogatory; hence the use of terms such as partisan, freedom fighter, etc., by those who approve the actions of the individuals concerned. See however quot. 1979 for a more positive connotation.In quots. 1883 and 1905: a member of one of the extreme revolutionary societies in Tsarist Russia.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [noun] > terrorist

terrorist1806

terrorizer1867

outrage-monger1882

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [noun] > one who or that which terrifies > terrorism > terrorist

terrorist1806

terrorizer1867

soshi1891

gun-man1903

mau-mauer1974

1806 F. Plowden Hist. Rev. State Ireland V. 83 Providence could scarcely have reserved for her [sc. Ireland] a more healing blessing, than the appointment of a viceroy..whose firmness checked the sanguinary ferociousness of the terrorists.

1866 W. J. Fitzpatrick Sham Squire 180 Miss G——, the daughter of a Wexford terrorist, directed many of the tortures which were so extensively practised.

1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 315/2 To Terrorists it guarantees..security on condition of a..pledge to abandon..the revolutionary party.

1905 Westm. Gaz. 20 Sept. 2/1 Several notables are believed to be more or less implicated in the actions of the Terrorists.

1956 H. Nicolson Diary 29 Oct. (1968) 311 The Greeks whom we are shooting and hanging in Cyprus are dismissed as terrorists. What cant!

1979 Spectator 20 Oct. 20/1 (advt.) The author..retravels the course of his life from his childhood to his war-time exploits as a terrorist in the Resistance.

2004 Foreign Affairs Jan. 74 The administration unilaterally revoked the sovereignty of states that provide sanctuary to terrorists.

2. A person who professes, or tries to awaken or spread a feeling of terror or alarm; an alarmist, a scaremonger. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > causing apprehension or alarm > [noun] > alarm > persistent tendency to raise alarm needlessly > one who is addicted to raising alarms

alarmist1792

terrorist1795

scaremonger1888

1795 ‘P. Pindar’ Royal Tour 70 Life with the down of cygnets may be clad! Ah! why not make her path a pleasant track? ‘No!’ cries the Pulpit Terrorist, (how mad!) ‘No! let the world be one huge hedgehog's back.’

1805 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 19 570 Some book of the religious terrorists, which tended to infuse the alarm of foul perdition.

1861 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem III. clxxv. 209 What becomes of the pretended terrorists at home who affect to be alarmed for the condition of every white female in the Antilles?

1911 M. A. Hurley in Proc. State Bar Assoc. Wisconsin‎ 9 (1912) 312 I am not..an alarmist, or a terrorist, but I am calling the attention of the bar to what I regard to be its most important public duties.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or characteristic of, terrorists or terrorism.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] > of or relating to terrorism or terrorists

terrorist1795

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [adjective]

terrorist1795

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] > of or relating to terrorism or terrorists > characterized by terrorism

terrorist1795

terroristic1842

terroristical1842

1795 H. M. Williams Lett. Sketch Politics France III. viii. 183 Considering the immense influence which the terrorist faction..had obtained both in Paris and in the department.

1856 Goldw. Smith in Oxf. Ess. 295 An advanced and slightly terrorist school of philanthropists.

1884 in Pall Mall Gaz. 11 Sept. 7/2 In the struggle we are engaged in with the terrorist and autocratic Governments of Europe, and especially with that of Russia.

1937 A. Koestler Spanish Test. vi. 132 The civilian population…whose sympathies they could but alienate by terrorist acts.

1979 R. Perry Bishop's Pawn viii. 130 We weren't dealing with ordinary kidnappers. We were faced by a relatively sophisticated terrorist organization.

2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 15 Feb. (Week in Review section) 11/4 Reserve and National Guard units should train and field many more units able to take on small teams of terrorist gunmen and bombers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	terrorist
释义	terroristn.adj. Brit. /ˈtɛrərɪst/, U.S. /ˈtɛrərəst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: terror n., -ist suffix. Etymology: < terror n. + -ist suffix, in sense A. 1a after French terroriste (August 1794; the use in sense A. 1b is not paralleled in French until later (1831), while sense A. 2 is not paralleled in French at all). Compare slightly later terrorism n. With use as adjective compare French terroriste, adjective (1855).In quots. 1883, 1905 at sense A. 1b after Russian terrorist″ (1880 or earlier in this sense; 1815 or earlier in sense A. 1a; now terrorist). A. n. 1. As a political term. a. French History. Chiefly with capital initial. In the French Revolution, an adherent or supporter of the Jacobins, who advocated and practised methods of partisan repression and bloodshed in the propagation of the principles of democracy and equality. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary > participant in specific revolution regicide1648 revolutioner1690 sansculotte1790 federate1793 regicide1793 terrorist1794 Thermidorian1801 tricoteuse1828 filibuster1854 nihilist1868 peshmerga1963 1794 Courier & Evening Gaz. 10 Nov. The Section Lepelletier, formerly the firmest in support of the Jacobin Society, declared eternal war against the terrorists and intriguers. 1795 E. Burke Lett. Peace Regic. France iv, in Wks. (1818) IX. 75 Thousands of those Hell-hounds called Terrorists..are let loose on the people. 1818 P. Hervé Beauties Paris II. 296 He assisted La Fayette in endeavouring to defend the king from the terrorists. 1877 J. Morley Crit. Misc. 2nd Ser. 83 That pithy chapter in Machiavelli's ‘Prince’ which treats of cruelty and clemency..anticipates the defence of the Terrorists. 1902 H. E. Bourne Teaching of Hist. & Civics ii. xvii. 317 This does not mean that the teacher should explain away the injustices and the atrocities of the Revolution or should seek to excuse the Terrorists. 2000 M. L. Kennedy Jacobin Clubs in French Revol. iii. xvii. 259 Leaders of the Terror became targets of verbal abuse. The terrorists counterattacked on the twenty-third. b. A person who uses violent and intimidating methods in the pursuit of political aims; esp. a member of a clandestine or expatriate organization aiming to coerce an established government by acts of violence against it or its subjects. The term terrorist is generally considered to be derogatory; hence the use of terms such as partisan, freedom fighter, etc., by those who approve the actions of the individuals concerned. See however quot. 1979 for a more positive connotation.In quots. 1883 and 1905: a member of one of the extreme revolutionary societies in Tsarist Russia. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [noun] > terrorist terrorist1806 terrorizer1867 outrage-monger1882 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [noun] > one who or that which terrifies > terrorism > terrorist terrorist1806 terrorizer1867 soshi1891 gun-man1903 mau-mauer1974 1806 F. Plowden Hist. Rev. State Ireland V. 83 Providence could scarcely have reserved for her [sc. Ireland] a more healing blessing, than the appointment of a viceroy..whose firmness checked the sanguinary ferociousness of the terrorists. 1866 W. J. Fitzpatrick Sham Squire 180 Miss G——, the daughter of a Wexford terrorist, directed many of the tortures which were so extensively practised. 1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 315/2 To Terrorists it guarantees..security on condition of a..pledge to abandon..the revolutionary party. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 20 Sept. 2/1 Several notables are believed to be more or less implicated in the actions of the Terrorists. 1956 H. Nicolson Diary 29 Oct. (1968) 311 The Greeks whom we are shooting and hanging in Cyprus are dismissed as terrorists. What cant! 1979 Spectator 20 Oct. 20/1 (advt.) The author..retravels the course of his life from his childhood to his war-time exploits as a terrorist in the Resistance. 2004 Foreign Affairs Jan. 74 The administration unilaterally revoked the sovereignty of states that provide sanctuary to terrorists. 2. A person who professes, or tries to awaken or spread a feeling of terror or alarm; an alarmist, a scaremonger. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > causing apprehension or alarm > [noun] > alarm > persistent tendency to raise alarm needlessly > one who is addicted to raising alarms alarmist1792 terrorist1795 scaremonger1888 1795 ‘P. Pindar’ Royal Tour 70 Life with the down of cygnets may be clad! Ah! why not make her path a pleasant track? ‘No!’ cries the Pulpit Terrorist, (how mad!) ‘No! let the world be one huge hedgehog's back.’ 1805 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 19 570 Some book of the religious terrorists, which tended to infuse the alarm of foul perdition. 1861 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem III. clxxv. 209 What becomes of the pretended terrorists at home who affect to be alarmed for the condition of every white female in the Antilles? 1911 M. A. Hurley in Proc. State Bar Assoc. Wisconsin‎ 9 (1912) 312 I am not..an alarmist, or a terrorist, but I am calling the attention of the bar to what I regard to be its most important public duties. B. adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of, terrorists or terrorism. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] > of or relating to terrorism or terrorists terrorist1795 society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [adjective] terrorist1795 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] > of or relating to terrorism or terrorists > characterized by terrorism terrorist1795 terroristic1842 terroristical1842 1795 H. M. Williams Lett. Sketch Politics France III. viii. 183 Considering the immense influence which the terrorist faction..had obtained both in Paris and in the department. 1856 Goldw. Smith in Oxf. Ess. 295 An advanced and slightly terrorist school of philanthropists. 1884 in Pall Mall Gaz. 11 Sept. 7/2 In the struggle we are engaged in with the terrorist and autocratic Governments of Europe, and especially with that of Russia. 1937 A. Koestler Spanish Test. vi. 132 The civilian population…whose sympathies they could but alienate by terrorist acts. 1979 R. Perry Bishop's Pawn viii. 130 We weren't dealing with ordinary kidnappers. We were faced by a relatively sophisticated terrorist organization. 2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 15 Feb. (Week in Review section) 11/4 Reserve and National Guard units should train and field many more units able to take on small teams of terrorist gunmen and bombers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1794
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