Achaemenidn.adj.

Brit.

/əˈkiːmənɪd/, U.S.

/əˈkimənəd/

Forms: 1600s Achaemenidae (plural), 1600s Achaemenides (plural), 1700s Achaimenidae (plural), 1700s Achemenidae (plural), 1800s– Achaemenid.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Achaemenidēs.

Etymology: < classical Latin Achaemenidēs (Pliny) < ancient Greek Ἀχαιμενίδης < Ἀχαιμένης (Old Persian Haxāmaniš , classical Latin Achaemenēs ), the name of Achaemenes, said to have been an ancestor of Cyrus the Great (grandfather of Xerxes) + -ίδης -id suffix³. With use as adjective compare German achämenidisch (1851 as achaemenidisch in the passage translated in quot. 1852 at sense B.).

Ancient History.

A. n.

A member of the dynasty that ruled in ancient Persia from the time of Cyrus the Great (d. 529 b.c.) until the death of Darius III (330 b.c.).The empire of the Achaemenids was the largest state of the classical period and stretched from present-day Pakistan in the east to Libya in the west.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [noun] > member of other specific Asian

Achaemenid1601

Achaemenian1737

slave king1841

Seleucid1852

Safavi1854

Sargonid1887

Safavid1888

Timurid1908

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxiii. 132 Furthermore, that the countrey of the Achaemenides [L. Achaemenidas] in Persea, reached thus farre.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. ii. §4. 29 The line of the Achaemenidae was so renowned, that the great King Xerxes in the height of his prosperitie did..vaunt of it.

1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World xxii. 34 Artachaees, of the Family of the Achaemenidae, a person in great favour with Xerxes, was the tallest man of all the rest of the Persians.

1767 N. Lardner tr. Libanus in Large Coll. Testimonies xlix. 152 The reason, why the Achemenidae for the future made use of entreaties instead of arms.

1776 J. Bryant New Syst. III. 388 The Heraclidæ; who are represented by Plato as of the same race, as the Achaimenidæ of Persis.

1851 W. Smith New Classical Dict. Greek & Rom. Biogr., Mythol. & Geogr. (N.Y. ed.) 171/1 A line of hereditary satraps, who traced their descent from Anaphas, an Achæmenid.

1884 W. Armstrong tr. G. Perrot Hist. Art Phœnicia I. i. 40 The Achæmenids had no religious fanaticism; they left a large measure of liberty to the subject peoples of their empire.

1905 L. H. Mills (title) Zarathustra, Philo, the Achaemenids and Israel.

1988 G. J. Whitrow Time in Hist.: Evol. Gen. Awareness vi. 87 Already in the sixth century BC..that part of India was ruled by the Achaemenids of Iran.

2005 L. Holford-Strevens Hist. Time vii. 126 This, one of many attempts at associating the dynasty with the glorious Achaemenids of ancient times, was received by the people as an affront to Islam.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or designating this dynasty.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [adjective] > other specific Asian

Achaemenian1661

Seleucian1715

Han1736

Sui1738

Song1759

Sassanian1788

Seleucidan1803

Tang1831

Qin1834

Safavi1835

Ming1836

Yin1846

Achaemenid1852

Seleucidic1853

Sassanid1867

Tokugawa1876

Safavid1887

Timurid1889

Seleucid1904

Sargonid1913

1852 L. Schmitz tr. B. G. Niebuhr Lect. Anc. Hist. III. civ. 294 All the Egyptian monuments which the Achaemenid kings [Ger. die achaemenidischen Könige] had carried from Egypt to Ecbatana, Susa, and other places, were brought back by him.

1887 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 3 18 The only anomaly here, is the change of the dental, the v conforming to the Achaemenid spelling.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 730/2 The old Persian worship,..which had fallen with the Achaemenid dynasty in Alexander's time.

1939 A. Toynbee Study of Hist. VI. 207 The Achaemenid Great King Artaxerxes Ochus.

2007 Daily Tel. 5 Apr. 22/5 The Oxus treasure..forms the centrepiece of the British Museum's exhibits from the Achaemenid era, when the Persian empire was at its height.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	achaemenid
释义	Achaemenidn.adj. Brit. /əˈkiːmənɪd/, U.S. /əˈkimənəd/ Forms: 1600s Achaemenidae (plural), 1600s Achaemenides (plural), 1700s Achaimenidae (plural), 1700s Achemenidae (plural), 1800s– Achaemenid. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Achaemenidēs. Etymology: < classical Latin Achaemenidēs (Pliny) < ancient Greek Ἀχαιμενίδης < Ἀχαιμένης (Old Persian Haxāmaniš , classical Latin Achaemenēs ), the name of Achaemenes, said to have been an ancestor of Cyrus the Great (grandfather of Xerxes) + -ίδης -id suffix³. With use as adjective compare German achämenidisch (1851 as achaemenidisch in the passage translated in quot. 1852 at sense B.). Ancient History. A. n. A member of the dynasty that ruled in ancient Persia from the time of Cyrus the Great (d. 529 b.c.) until the death of Darius III (330 b.c.).The empire of the Achaemenids was the largest state of the classical period and stretched from present-day Pakistan in the east to Libya in the west. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [noun] > member of other specific Asian Achaemenid1601 Achaemenian1737 slave king1841 Seleucid1852 Safavi1854 Sargonid1887 Safavid1888 Timurid1908 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxiii. 132 Furthermore, that the countrey of the Achaemenides [L. Achaemenidas] in Persea, reached thus farre. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. ii. §4. 29 The line of the Achaemenidae was so renowned, that the great King Xerxes in the height of his prosperitie did..vaunt of it. 1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World xxii. 34 Artachaees, of the Family of the Achaemenidae, a person in great favour with Xerxes, was the tallest man of all the rest of the Persians. 1767 N. Lardner tr. Libanus in Large Coll. Testimonies xlix. 152 The reason, why the Achemenidae for the future made use of entreaties instead of arms. 1776 J. Bryant New Syst. III. 388 The Heraclidæ; who are represented by Plato as of the same race, as the Achaimenidæ of Persis. 1851 W. Smith New Classical Dict. Greek & Rom. Biogr., Mythol. & Geogr. (N.Y. ed.) 171/1 A line of hereditary satraps, who traced their descent from Anaphas, an Achæmenid. 1884 W. Armstrong tr. G. Perrot Hist. Art Phœnicia I. i. 40 The Achæmenids had no religious fanaticism; they left a large measure of liberty to the subject peoples of their empire. 1905 L. H. Mills (title) Zarathustra, Philo, the Achaemenids and Israel. 1988 G. J. Whitrow Time in Hist.: Evol. Gen. Awareness vi. 87 Already in the sixth century BC..that part of India was ruled by the Achaemenids of Iran. 2005 L. Holford-Strevens Hist. Time vii. 126 This, one of many attempts at associating the dynasty with the glorious Achaemenids of ancient times, was received by the people as an affront to Islam. B. adj. Of, relating to, or designating this dynasty. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > dynasty > [adjective] > other specific Asian Achaemenian1661 Seleucian1715 Han1736 Sui1738 Song1759 Sassanian1788 Seleucidan1803 Tang1831 Qin1834 Safavi1835 Ming1836 Yin1846 Achaemenid1852 Seleucidic1853 Sassanid1867 Tokugawa1876 Safavid1887 Timurid1889 Seleucid1904 Sargonid1913 1852 L. Schmitz tr. B. G. Niebuhr Lect. Anc. Hist. III. civ. 294 All the Egyptian monuments which the Achaemenid kings [Ger. die achaemenidischen Könige] had carried from Egypt to Ecbatana, Susa, and other places, were brought back by him. 1887 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 3 18 The only anomaly here, is the change of the dental, the v conforming to the Achaemenid spelling. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 730/2 The old Persian worship,..which had fallen with the Achaemenid dynasty in Alexander's time. 1939 A. Toynbee Study of Hist. VI. 207 The Achaemenid Great King Artaxerxes Ochus. 2007 Daily Tel. 5 Apr. 22/5 The Oxus treasure..forms the centrepiece of the British Museum's exhibits from the Achaemenid era, when the Persian empire was at its height. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1601
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