temporaryadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈtɛmp(ə)r(ər)i/, U.S.

/ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/

Etymology: < Latin temporārius, < tempus , tempor- time: see -ary suffix¹.

A. adj.

a. Lasting for a limited time; existing or valid for a time (only); not permanent; transient; made to supply a passing need.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > [adjective] > temporary or provisional

whilwendlicc1000

whilenda1050

specialc1400

seasonable1549

temporary1567

provisional1597

provisionary1617

temporaneal1625

provisory1630

interimistical1643

pro tempore1649

temporaneous1656

non-permanent1782

jury-rigged1788

ad interim1806

interim1808

meantime1840

running1851

flying1857

pro tem1858

interimistic1859

temp1909

caretaker1945

1567 T. Palfreyman Baldwin's Treat. Morall Philos. (new ed.) iii. ii. f. 92^v Thauthoritie of Princes & gouernours..is truely to be called Temporarie, that is, but for a time.

a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1634) 45 The creature is temporary, whereas the soul is immortall.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xix. 99 For their perpetuall, and not temporary security.

1784 J. Douglas Cook's Voy. Pacific I. ii. vii. 292 A large space had been cleared, before the temporary hut of this Chief.

1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 293 The adaptation of temporary expedients to temporary exigencies.

1858 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches (1873) III. v. i. 434 Inconveniences which they felt to be only temporary.

b. temporary hardness, hardness of water that can be removed by boiling, because it is due to bicarbonates which are thereby precipitated; temporary star (Astronomy), a star which appears suddenly, shines for a time, and then almost or entirely disappears; temporary tooth, a deciduous tooth, milk-tooth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > types or spec. teeth > [noun] > milk

calf's-teeth1599

fore-tooth1601

sucking-tooth1601

milk tooth1738

deciduous tooth1755

shedding tooth1799

temporary tooth1802

baby tooth1834

the world > the universe > star > kind of star > by light > [noun] > temporary

temporary star1833

the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > hardness or softness of

hardness1712

softness1712

permanent hardness1870

temporary hardness1895

1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 559 The first teeth, or those of childhood, the author calls temporary, the set which succeeds them he terms permanent.

1833 J. F. W. Herschel Astronomy xii. 383 The phænomena we allude to are those of temporary stars.

1842 E. Wilson Anatomist's Vade Mecum (ed. 2) 51 The Temporary teeth are 20 in number, 8 incisors, 4 canine, and 8 molars.

1895 H. Collet Water Softening & Purification i. 2 The temporary hardness is that due to the bicarbonates of lime and magnesia.

1969 H. T. Evans tr. G. Hägg Gen. & Inorg. Chem. xxvi. 666 Carbonate precipitation on boiling causes the water to lose its carbonate hardness or temporary hardness while a permanent hardness remains.

†c. Belonging or relating to the particular time; of the period; hence, of passing interest, ephemeral. ? Obsolete (or merged in sense A. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] > of passing interest

fugitive1766

temporary1777

1777 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 164 I send you a trifling temporary production, made for the occasion of the day, and to perish with it.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1778 II. 243 [S. Musgrave:] A temporary poem always entertains us.

1805 W. Cooke Mem. S. Foote I. 152 Though it [‘Devil upon Two Sticks’] admits of some temporary strokes, such as the ridicule on the college of physicians,..&c., [it] exhibits them worked up in so brilliant and general a manner, as to be always new.

d. Designating one who is commissioned for the duration of a war (esp. that of 1914–18), as temporary captain, temporary officer, etc. Also temporary gent(leman) (in colloquial or pejorative Services' use); abbreviated T.G. n. at T n. Initialisms 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer or soldier of rank > [adjective] > other attributes

gallant1875

technical1915

temporary1918

war-substantivea1944

1918 J. M. Barrie Echoes of War 68 Socially he had fallen..; even..in his uniform the hasty might say something clever about ‘temporary gentlemen’.

1925 W. Deeping Sorrell & Son ii. 21 ‘My name is Sorrell, Captain Sorrell.’ ‘You will have to drop the ‘captain’. Temporary, I suppose?’

1938 S. Beckett Murphy x. 234 He withheld his hand, the little temporary gent and pure in heart.

1958 S. Raven in H. Thomas Establishment 72 Temporary Captain C.C. had been in the very first intake at Sandhurst.

1976 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 5 Feb. 20/3 The lower-middle-class officer..who in the First World War would have been called a ‘temporary gentleman’.

1983 T. Pocock 1945 v. 151 There were two officers' messes—‘A’ and ‘B’; the former primarily for staff officers..the latter, mostly made up of temporary officers.

†2. Belonging to the present life or this world: = temporal adj.¹ 2. Obsolete.In quot. a1616, of a person: ‘not a meddler with temporal or secular affairs’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > [adjective]

earthlyOE

netherOE

lowc1225

terrene13..

terrestre1340

temporalc1380

earthyc1429

terrestrialc1460

inferial?a1475

mundanec1475

mundial1499

earthish?1533

terrenala1555

terreal1598

terrestrene1599

sublunary1609

sublunar1610

mundal1614

temporarya1616

earth-born1626

terranean1653

circumterraneous1678

subcelestial1706

terraneousa1711

terrean1714

terrigenal1744

subastral1752

geotic1755

tellurian1786

worldly1812

telluric1813

transglobal1953

the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > [adjective] > material or not spiritual

fleshlyc1175

bodilya1340

temporalc1380

worldyc1380

claylya1400

elementaryc1440

mondiala1500

gross1509

fleshly-wise1542

elemental1574

outward1574

natural1581

terrestrene1599

elementated1605

sublunary1609

temporarya1616

subluminary1625

sublunar1625

outwardlya1642

material1843

intramundane1845

unethereal1861

naturistic1886

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] > temporal or not spiritual

temporalc1380

secular1597

sublunary1609

temporarya1616

sublunarian1852

earthside1951

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 144 Duke. Know you that Frier Lodowick that she speakes of? Peter. I know him for a man diuine and holy, Not scuruy, nor a temporary medler As he's reported by this Gentleman.

1668 J. Howe Blessedness of Righteous Disc. (1825) 63 In our temporary state, while we are under the measure of time.

1674 J. Owen Disc. Holy Spirit (1693) 207 Spiritual and Eternal things are more excellent than things Carnal and Temporary.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 153. ⁋13 The wise use of temporary riches.

†3. metaphorical. Occurring or existing in time (not from eternity). Obsolete. (Cf. temporal adj.¹ 6.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > [adjective] > occurring or existing in time or not eternal

dated1573

temporarya1676

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. ii. 69 Collectively they make up a good moral evidence touching a temporary inception of the humane Nature.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 39 They who conceived the World to have had a Temporary Beginning or Creation, held the Coevity of all Souls with it.

1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. 327 These truths are temporary, because those relations could not begin to exist before those created beings were produced.

†4. = temporal adj.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > hour > [adjective] > of artificial hours

temporal1594

temporarya1656

a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World To Rdr. ⁋10 That from the evening ushering in the first day of the World, to that midnight which began the first day of the Christian æra, there was 4003 years, seventy dayes, and six temporarie howers.

B. n.

†1. plural. Things belonging to this life, temporal goods. Cf. temporality n. 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > worldly or secular property

temporalty1377

temporalitiesc1475

world's wrack?a1513

temporala1525

wreck1562

temporaries1596

worldhood1841

society > faith > artefacts > property > [noun]

temporalty1396

spiritualtyc1400

spirituality1468

temporalitiesc1475

temporala1525

sanctimoniesa1547

Guardian of the Spiritualties (also Spiritualty)1562

temporaries1596

guaca1604

sanctities1815

sacra1819

spiritual1827

1596 H. Clapham Briefe of Bible ii. 218 Wee haue taken Bread and other temporaries without begging them at thy hands.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 172 A large Castle, which now by age or war (the canker-worms of all temporaries) is moth-eaten.

†2. A person whose religious life or devotion endures only for a time. (In allusion to Matthew xiii. 21, etc.) Obsolete. (In quot. 1903 used (? by misunderstanding) for: a time-server, temporizer.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > [noun] > person > temporary

temporary1619

1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (1630) 59 Our Temporaries, or rather Temporizers..are carried full saile to the profession of Faith; whom yet the least note of reproach..makes ready to deny and abiure the Truth.

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (2 Cor. xiii. 8) A temporary may so fall away as to persecute the truth that he once professed.

1903 A. Smellie Men of Covenant (1904) xxiii. 253 A Temporary,—one who tries year in and year out to ‘carry his dish level’, and adjusts his sails to catch the changing winds.]

†3. A contemporary. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > simultaneity or contemporaneousness > [noun] > contemporary

contemporany?a1475

contemporant1577

time-fellow1577

age mate1582

contemporana1600

coeval1605

coetane1610

collateral1614

contemporary1614

concurrent1622

coequal1631

contemporanean1633

coetanean1636

contemporista1641

temporary1649

synchronist1716

yealing1728

fellow1844

age-fellow1845

1649 tr. Alcoran 6 We left this punishment, as an advertisement to their temporaries and posteritie.

4. A person employed or holding a post temporarily; a ‘casual’; spec. a secretary or clerical worker supplied by an agency to cover absences or vacancies for a short period.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [noun] > casual or temporary worker

temporary1846

casual1851

occasional1867

migrant labourer1899

floater1909

guest worker1927

temp1932

gig worker2009

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [noun] > casual or temporary worker > secretarial

temp1932

temporary1956

1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) iii. 23 Being only a permanency I couldn't be expected to show it like a temporary.

1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Oct. 7/1 The ‘permanent temporaries’ are liable to dismissal at any time, but are practically fixed, some having been in the service from eight to ten years.

1907 Westm. Gaz. 1 July 7/2 Servants who are merely casuals (i.e., temporaries) in purely private families.

1956 ‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death vii. 159 Temporaries came, and temporaries went..and the work produced [was] shocking beyond belief.

1957 R. Hart-Davis Let. 7 July in Lyttelton–Hart-Davis Lett. (1979) II. 123 This might have been possible if my secretary hadn't been on holiday. Instead I was burdened with a pudding-faced ‘temporary’.

1970 New Yorker 17 Oct. 148/1 (caption) But Mr. Clark! I'm just a temporary.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	temporary
释义	temporaryadj.n. Brit. /ˈtɛmp(ə)r(ər)i/, U.S. /ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/ Etymology: < Latin temporārius, < tempus , tempor- time: see -ary suffix¹. A. adj. 1. a. Lasting for a limited time; existing or valid for a time (only); not permanent; transient; made to supply a passing need. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > [adjective] > temporary or provisional whilwendlicc1000 whilenda1050 specialc1400 seasonable1549 temporary1567 provisional1597 provisionary1617 temporaneal1625 provisory1630 interimistical1643 pro tempore1649 temporaneous1656 non-permanent1782 jury-rigged1788 ad interim1806 interim1808 meantime1840 running1851 flying1857 pro tem1858 interimistic1859 temp1909 caretaker1945 1567 T. Palfreyman Baldwin's Treat. Morall Philos. (new ed.) iii. ii. f. 92^v Thauthoritie of Princes & gouernours..is truely to be called Temporarie, that is, but for a time. a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1634) 45 The creature is temporary, whereas the soul is immortall. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xix. 99 For their perpetuall, and not temporary security. 1784 J. Douglas Cook's Voy. Pacific I. ii. vii. 292 A large space had been cleared, before the temporary hut of this Chief. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 293 The adaptation of temporary expedients to temporary exigencies. 1858 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches (1873) III. v. i. 434 Inconveniences which they felt to be only temporary. b. temporary hardness, hardness of water that can be removed by boiling, because it is due to bicarbonates which are thereby precipitated; temporary star (Astronomy), a star which appears suddenly, shines for a time, and then almost or entirely disappears; temporary tooth, a deciduous tooth, milk-tooth. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > types or spec. teeth > [noun] > milk calf's-teeth1599 fore-tooth1601 sucking-tooth1601 milk tooth1738 deciduous tooth1755 shedding tooth1799 temporary tooth1802 baby tooth1834 the world > the universe > star > kind of star > by light > [noun] > temporary temporary star1833 the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > hardness or softness of hardness1712 softness1712 permanent hardness1870 temporary hardness1895 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 559 The first teeth, or those of childhood, the author calls temporary, the set which succeeds them he terms permanent. 1833 J. F. W. Herschel Astronomy xii. 383 The phænomena we allude to are those of temporary stars. 1842 E. Wilson Anatomist's Vade Mecum (ed. 2) 51 The Temporary teeth are 20 in number, 8 incisors, 4 canine, and 8 molars. 1895 H. Collet Water Softening & Purification i. 2 The temporary hardness is that due to the bicarbonates of lime and magnesia. 1969 H. T. Evans tr. G. Hägg Gen. & Inorg. Chem. xxvi. 666 Carbonate precipitation on boiling causes the water to lose its carbonate hardness or temporary hardness while a permanent hardness remains. †c. Belonging or relating to the particular time; of the period; hence, of passing interest, ephemeral. ? Obsolete (or merged in sense A. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] > of passing interest fugitive1766 temporary1777 1777 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 164 I send you a trifling temporary production, made for the occasion of the day, and to perish with it. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1778 II. 243 [S. Musgrave:] A temporary poem always entertains us. 1805 W. Cooke Mem. S. Foote I. 152 Though it [‘Devil upon Two Sticks’] admits of some temporary strokes, such as the ridicule on the college of physicians,..&c., [it] exhibits them worked up in so brilliant and general a manner, as to be always new. d. Designating one who is commissioned for the duration of a war (esp. that of 1914–18), as temporary captain, temporary officer, etc. Also temporary gent(leman) (in colloquial or pejorative Services' use); abbreviated T.G. n. at T n. Initialisms 1a. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer or soldier of rank > [adjective] > other attributes gallant1875 technical1915 temporary1918 war-substantivea1944 1918 J. M. Barrie Echoes of War 68 Socially he had fallen..; even..in his uniform the hasty might say something clever about ‘temporary gentlemen’. 1925 W. Deeping Sorrell & Son ii. 21 ‘My name is Sorrell, Captain Sorrell.’ ‘You will have to drop the ‘captain’. Temporary, I suppose?’ 1938 S. Beckett Murphy x. 234 He withheld his hand, the little temporary gent and pure in heart. 1958 S. Raven in H. Thomas Establishment 72 Temporary Captain C.C. had been in the very first intake at Sandhurst. 1976 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 5 Feb. 20/3 The lower-middle-class officer..who in the First World War would have been called a ‘temporary gentleman’. 1983 T. Pocock 1945 v. 151 There were two officers' messes—‘A’ and ‘B’; the former primarily for staff officers..the latter, mostly made up of temporary officers. †2. Belonging to the present life or this world: = temporal adj.¹ 2. Obsolete.In quot. a1616, of a person: ‘not a meddler with temporal or secular affairs’. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > [adjective] earthlyOE netherOE lowc1225 terrene13.. terrestre1340 temporalc1380 earthyc1429 terrestrialc1460 inferial?a1475 mundanec1475 mundial1499 earthish?1533 terrenala1555 terreal1598 terrestrene1599 sublunary1609 sublunar1610 mundal1614 temporarya1616 earth-born1626 terranean1653 circumterraneous1678 subcelestial1706 terraneousa1711 terrean1714 terrigenal1744 subastral1752 geotic1755 tellurian1786 worldly1812 telluric1813 transglobal1953 the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > [adjective] > material or not spiritual fleshlyc1175 bodilya1340 temporalc1380 worldyc1380 claylya1400 elementaryc1440 mondiala1500 gross1509 fleshly-wise1542 elemental1574 outward1574 natural1581 terrestrene1599 elementated1605 sublunary1609 temporarya1616 subluminary1625 sublunar1625 outwardlya1642 material1843 intramundane1845 unethereal1861 naturistic1886 the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] > temporal or not spiritual temporalc1380 secular1597 sublunary1609 temporarya1616 sublunarian1852 earthside1951 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 144 Duke. Know you that Frier Lodowick that she speakes of? Peter. I know him for a man diuine and holy, Not scuruy, nor a temporary medler As he's reported by this Gentleman. View more context for this quotation 1668 J. Howe Blessedness of Righteous Disc. (1825) 63 In our temporary state, while we are under the measure of time. 1674 J. Owen Disc. Holy Spirit (1693) 207 Spiritual and Eternal things are more excellent than things Carnal and Temporary. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 153. ⁋13 The wise use of temporary riches. †3. metaphorical. Occurring or existing in time (not from eternity). Obsolete. (Cf. temporal adj.¹ 6.) ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [adjective] > occurring or existing in time or not eternal dated1573 temporarya1676 a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. ii. 69 Collectively they make up a good moral evidence touching a temporary inception of the humane Nature. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 39 They who conceived the World to have had a Temporary Beginning or Creation, held the Coevity of all Souls with it. 1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. 327 These truths are temporary, because those relations could not begin to exist before those created beings were produced. †4. = temporal adj.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > hour > [adjective] > of artificial hours temporal1594 temporarya1656 a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World To Rdr. ⁋10 That from the evening ushering in the first day of the World, to that midnight which began the first day of the Christian æra, there was 4003 years, seventy dayes, and six temporarie howers. B. n. †1. plural. Things belonging to this life, temporal goods. Cf. temporality n. 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > worldly or secular property temporalty1377 temporalitiesc1475 world's wrack?a1513 temporala1525 wreck1562 temporaries1596 worldhood1841 society > faith > artefacts > property > [noun] temporalty1396 spiritualtyc1400 spirituality1468 temporalitiesc1475 temporala1525 sanctimoniesa1547 Guardian of the Spiritualties (also Spiritualty)1562 temporaries1596 guaca1604 sanctities1815 sacra1819 spiritual1827 1596 H. Clapham Briefe of Bible ii. 218 Wee haue taken Bread and other temporaries without begging them at thy hands. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 172 A large Castle, which now by age or war (the canker-worms of all temporaries) is moth-eaten. †2. A person whose religious life or devotion endures only for a time. (In allusion to Matthew xiii. 21, etc.) Obsolete. (In quot. 1903 used (? by misunderstanding) for: a time-server, temporizer.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > [noun] > person > temporary temporary1619 1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (1630) 59 Our Temporaries, or rather Temporizers..are carried full saile to the profession of Faith; whom yet the least note of reproach..makes ready to deny and abiure the Truth. 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (2 Cor. xiii. 8) A temporary may so fall away as to persecute the truth that he once professed. 1903 A. Smellie Men of Covenant (1904) xxiii. 253 A Temporary,—one who tries year in and year out to ‘carry his dish level’, and adjusts his sails to catch the changing winds.] †3. A contemporary. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > simultaneity or contemporaneousness > [noun] > contemporary contemporany?a1475 contemporant1577 time-fellow1577 age mate1582 contemporana1600 coeval1605 coetane1610 collateral1614 contemporary1614 concurrent1622 coequal1631 contemporanean1633 coetanean1636 contemporista1641 temporary1649 synchronist1716 yealing1728 fellow1844 age-fellow1845 1649 tr. Alcoran 6 We left this punishment, as an advertisement to their temporaries and posteritie. 4. A person employed or holding a post temporarily; a ‘casual’; spec. a secretary or clerical worker supplied by an agency to cover absences or vacancies for a short period. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [noun] > casual or temporary worker temporary1846 casual1851 occasional1867 migrant labourer1899 floater1909 guest worker1927 temp1932 gig worker2009 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [noun] > casual or temporary worker > secretarial temp1932 temporary1956 1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) iii. 23 Being only a permanency I couldn't be expected to show it like a temporary. 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Oct. 7/1 The ‘permanent temporaries’ are liable to dismissal at any time, but are practically fixed, some having been in the service from eight to ten years. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 1 July 7/2 Servants who are merely casuals (i.e., temporaries) in purely private families. 1956 ‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death vii. 159 Temporaries came, and temporaries went..and the work produced [was] shocking beyond belief. 1957 R. Hart-Davis Let. 7 July in Lyttelton–Hart-Davis Lett. (1979) II. 123 This might have been possible if my secretary hadn't been on holiday. Instead I was burdened with a pudding-faced ‘temporary’. 1970 New Yorker 17 Oct. 148/1 (caption) But Mr. Clark! I'm just a temporary. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1567
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