takern.

Brit.

/ˈteɪkə/, U.S.

/ˈteɪkər/

Forms: Middle English takar, Middle English takare, Middle English takere, Middle English– taker; Scottish pre-1700 tackar, pre-1700 tacker, pre-1700 taikair, pre-1700 taikar, pre-1700 taiker, pre-1700 takair, pre-1700 takar, pre-1700 takare, pre-1700 takere, pre-1700 takkar, pre-1700 takor, pre-1700 1700s– taker.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: take v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < take v. + -er suffix¹.

I. A person who takes something or someone.

†1. A person who protects or sustains another. Cf. taker-up n. 1, uptaker n. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > [noun] > as protector

shield971

friendOE

berghera1300

takerc1350

safeguardera1535

safe-maker1616

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xvii. 3 (MED) My God ys myn helper..My defendour and þe helpe of myn helþe and my taker [L. susceptor].

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) liii. 4 Our Lord is taker of my soule.

1606 T. Hutton 2nd Pt. Reasons for Refusall 224 Least God the taker of mans frailtie bee thought changed.

a. A person who captures, catches, apprehends, or takes possession of someone or something; a catcher; a captor, a conqueror. In later use chiefly with of. Cf. take v. 1.mouse-taker, priest-taker, thief-taker, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > [noun] > one who

taker1421

1421 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 88 (MED) The guerdon and reward..appoynted to hym that miȝt have that fortune..to ben takers of the said John Oldcastell.

1454 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 281 Halfe of that ramson to the takerys, and the othir halfe to the courte.

?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. E^v They be good takers of fysshe.

1555 J. Wilkinson tr. L. de Avila y Cuñiga Comm. Wars in Germany sig. Q.iii^v Thei offred their fortune to theyr takers.

1584 E. Paget tr. J. Calvin Harmonie vpon Three Euangelists 275 Commonlye they [sc. doves] caste themselues into the snares of the takers.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xv. 626/1 The King..had promised a thousand markes to his taker.

1669 J. Denham Cato Major i. 13 Takers of Cities, Conquerors in War.

1718 J. Ozell tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Voy. Levant II. vi. 207 'Tis believ'd that Orthogul, Father of the famous Othoman, the first Emperor of the Turks, was the Taker of Erzeron.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. iv. 451 A searcher, and taker of thieves, and limmers.

1878 Mind 3 331 The lesson preached in every bas-relief..is the same: obey the great king who is the taker of cities and the ruler of peoples.

1926 E. Wallace Door with Seven Locks (2001) i. 5 He was..the cleverest taker of thieves the Yard had known.

1988 G. K. Plochmann & F. E. Robinson Friendly Compan. to Plato's Gorgias iv. xii. 308 This ruler of the Persian Empire is a leader of armies and taker of cities.

b. An officer responsible for procuring or requisitioning provisions for the household of a monarch or other high-ranking person; = purveyor n. 1a. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > [noun] > by (public) authority > for public service > one who

purveyora1325

taker1423

impressor1781

1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 172 (MED) To an taker of þe kynges for to suffer owr Carpenters stille yn our werke at Brewers Halle, xvj d.

1445–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1445 §47. m. 3 That no man of this roialme have takers bot oonlye the kyng and the qwene.

?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Bv^v As for capons ye can gette none The kyngys taker toke vp eche one.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. H4 ^v Let all the droppings of my pen bee seazed vpon by the Queenes Takers for Tarre to dresse ships with.

1619 M. Dalton Countrey Justice (ed. 2) 91 Offences of Purueyors, Takers,..or other ministers for the kings Maiesty.

1682 W. Gough Londinum Triumphans 106 None of the Kings Takers should take any thing within the City without the owners will.

1863 Law Mag. & Law Rev. 15 45 An Act ordaining that all the king's takers, purveyors, and catours should carry the king's seal.

1963 H. M. Cam Liberties & Communities Medieval Eng. iii. 44 In 1268 and 1269 Robert is acting as the king's taker of wines throughout the country.

2005 A. F. Sutton Mercery of London 546 The felling of two trees at Stepney had been done by the queen's takers for gun-stocks for the Tower.

(a) Chiefly Law. A person who takes possession, esp. of land; (also) a person who becomes the holder of property by taking out a lease. Often with first, next, or last.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > [noun] > one who acquires land by a single title

purchasera1400

takerc1450

singular successora1646

society > law > transfer of property > entering on possession > [noun] > one who

takerc1450

intrant1517

entror1588

entrant1636

taker-up1662

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant

kindly tenanta1325

tenant1377

mailer1392

farmer1414

renter1444

takerc1450

fee-farmer1468

lessee1495

mail-man?a1500

tacksman1533

land-tenant1543

rentaller1553

fermerera1572

tenementer1574

mail-payer1597

inholdera1599

feu-farmer1609

leaseholder1858

leaser1877

c1450 Documents from Droitwich in Middle Eng. Dict. at Taker(e Syche tyme as euery one them shew ther indenturs and dedes off purches who wer furst takers and who had furst possession.

1546 Decree for Tythes to be payed in London sig. Aii^v The principall fermour or fermours or fyrst taker or takers therof, his or their executours or assignes, shall paie his or their tithes after the rate aforesaied.

1629 Vse of Law 54 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light The Lessor; commeth to the doore, backside, or Garden..and there he expresseth, that hee doth graunt vnto the taker; called, the Lessee, for tearme of his life.

1665 Irish Act 17 & 18 Chas. II c. 2 All and every the messuages, lands, Tenements and Hereditaments..are hereby declared to be Assets for and towards the satisfaction and payment of all such Debts to which the first takers thereof are..made lyable by this Act.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. i. 9 Property, both in lands and moveables, being thus originally acquired by the first taker,..it remains in him, by the principles of universal law, till such time as he does some other act which shews an intention to abandon it.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. xviii. 275 The next taker is entitled to enter regularly.

1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 188 When the adventurers thus set a Mine to farm, they oblige the Taker or Tributor to keep the Mine in good repair.

1794 W. Brown Rep. Cases Chancery IV. 210 If he had survived the last taker for life, he must have taken a share of the residue.

1805 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. I. 535 The takers grant bill with a surety for the rent.

1832 Law Mag. 7 139 This..is the qualification including all takers of a tenement for any less term than one year.

1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 26 548 The absolute interest which the sixth Earl, as first taker, acquired.

1909 G. W. Warvelle Princ. Amer. Law Real Prop. (ed. 3) iv. 176 As the descent from the first taker was removed the number of persons claiming collaterally from the last taker was..proportionally multiplied.

1949 T. F. T. Plucknett Legislation Edward I v. 134 All the statute gave them was an entail which was inalienable during the life of the first taker.

1993 L. Vardi Land & Loom iv. 80 The custom gave takers a security of tenure that would encourage them to invest in the property.

2013 V. Mākinen in J. Cunliffe & G. Erreygers Inherited Wealth, Justice & Equality ii. 27 According to the theory of first occupancy..something which did not belong to anyone (res nullius) became the property of the first taker.

†(b) English regional (Derbyshire). A miner who takes possession of a meer (see mere n.² 2) after the founder (founder n.⁴ 2) has taken his meer. See also taker meer n. at Compounds 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > who stakes or takes up claim > in lead mines

taker1549

1549 Wirksworth Barmote Court (P.R.O.: E 101/273/14) The furst fyndar shall have ij meyers & the next meyer after the bayermayster for the Kynge..& every taker after but one meyer.

1670 J. Pettus Fodinæ Regales 92 The first Finder shall have two Meers, and the next Meer after the Burghmaster shall have for the King, according to the old Custom of the Mine, and every taker after but one Meer.

1734 High Peak Articles in Compl. Mineral Laws 22 Where any Miner doth take and possess any fresh Ground..and does work the same to the Knowledge of any other, who before such Takers aforesaid, were or pretended to be possess'd of the same Ground as Taker of a Forefield for an old Founder.

1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. U4^v Taker, he that takes a Mear or Mears, from him that is the Founder; several Men may take one after another, if they think it may be worth their while, and then the Mears so taken go by some Name or other, as A's Taker Mear, or B's Taker Mear, or their second or third Taker Mears, to distinguish them from the Founders, and one Taker from another.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Next taker, among miners, is he that hath the next meer in possession.

d. A person who takes something from another by force or wrongfully; a robber, a thief, a plunderer, a pilferer. In later use chiefly with of.Formerly also in extended use: †a literary plunderer, a plagiarist (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun]

thief688

bribera1387

stealer1508

taker?a1513

goodfellow1566

snatcher1575

lift1591

liftera1592

larcin1596

Tartar1602

lime-twig1606

outparter1607

Tartarian1608

flick1610

puggard1611

gilt1620

nim1630

highwayman1652

cloyer1659

out-trader1660

Robin Goodfellow1680

birdlime1705

gyp1728

filch1775

kiddy1780

snaveller1781

larcenist1803

pincher1814

geach1821

wharf-rat1823

toucher1837

larcener1839

snammer1839

drummer1856

gun1857

forker1867

gunsmith1869

nabber1880

thiever1899

tea-leaf1903

gun moll1908

nicker1909

knocker-off1926

possum1945

scuffler1961

rip-off1969

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > want of originality > one who derives from a source > one who plagiarizes

polyanthean1621

plagiarist1674

takera1677

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 148 Grit men for taking and oppressioun At sett full famous at the Sessioun, And peur takaris ar hangit hie.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. Pref. As euell as a violent taker or (if you will) a robber.

1609 S. Rowlands Dr. Merrie-man 3 Sirrah sayes one, stand, and your Purse deliuer; I am a taker, thou must be a giuer.

1655 W. Prynne 2nd Pt. Seasonable, Legal & Hist. Vindic. iii. 7 The swords of theeves ceased, the cruelties of Plunderers and violent takers of mens Goods and possessions were prevented.

a1677 M. Clifford Notes Dryden's Poems (1687) ii. 6 Pray hear what Famianus Strada says of such Takers as Mr. Dryden.

1753 Gen. Treat. Naval Trade & Commerce (ed. 2) I. xii. 132 If it be proved that any thing be stolen out of the Wreck, the Takers shall be deemed Robbers.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iv, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 80 Robin Hood's dead and gwone, but there be takers yet in the vale of Bever.

1829 M. R. Mitford Pretty Bobby in Christmas Box 142 Off ran the naughty taker of birds' nests, vainly pursued by little Sophy's chidings.

1905 J. C. Cox Royal Forests Eng. xxiv. 293 Ralph Baggley was fined 100s. for being a common destroyer of pheasants and partridges and a taker of birds.

1997 J. Rule in J. Rule & R. Wells Crime, Protest & Pop. Politics S. Eng. x. 244 In 1828 the taker of sixty-one sheep from a fold of 554 offered them for sale at Devizes Fair the following morning.

3. More generally: a person who takes something, in various senses of the verb; an acquirer, a recipient, a partaker, an adopter, etc.census-taker, note-taker, risk-taker, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > [noun] > one who takes

taker?a1425

?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 61 Hou miche more raþer þise cursid takars?

1487 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1487 §18. m. 10 Where wymmen..been oft tymes taken by mysdoers..and after maried to such mysdoers... Such mysdoers, takers and procuratours to the same be hensforth reputed and juged as principall felons.

1514 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1900) 15 450 The payne sessed as well to the Taker as to the gever.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Tabil sig. *.iii Takaris of ouir mekil mail or farme, to the herschipe of the tenentis.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 261 We read of Alcibiades, that he was a great taker, and would be corrupted with money.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 66 The Turkes are also incredible takers of Opium.

1654 E. Lane Image our Reforming Times To Rdr. sig. A4^v He that takes offence not given, is both the giver and the taker of the offence.

1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) ii. 93 Layers and takers of paper on and from the rolling-presses.

1767 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 6 The present King is a great taker of snuff.

1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 29 Aug. 50 If this were the case, who would be safe, unless all the notes were endorsed from hand to hand, and unless each taker of notes kept a register of them.

1863 Scrap Bk. 14 Mar. 334/2 In Boston, a photograph taker, 'tis said, Produces the portraits of people long dead.

1884 I. Bligh in James Lillywhite's Cricketers' Ann. i. ii. 7 Principal takers of wickets.

1885 Law Times 7 Feb. 266/1 The taker of a railway ticket must know what is on the face of it.

1914 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 3 Feb. 2/1 It was common custom to..mingle with the pleasure makers and pleasure takers.

1949 Times 3 June 3/6 As for Edrich, well, he is still a taker of wickets in any company, as he proved yesterday.

1952 J. L. Waten Alien Son 166 You'll never make anything out of those blokes... They're takers, not givers.

1990 B. E. Altschuler LBJ & Polls v. 70 Gallup's statement appears to indicate that anyone studying the relationship between presidents and the takers of public polls would have little to write about.

2006 New Yorker 15 May 87/1 He was also a holist and a taker of the long view.

4. Originally: a person who agrees to take a bet offered with specific odds. Later more generally: a person who accepts an offer or challenge, responds positively to a suggestion, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > [noun] > acceptance > one who accepts

accepter?a1425

acceptor1504

acceptant1598

acceptee1804

taker1808

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > better > one who accepts bet

taker1808

1808 Sporting Mag. Apr. 36/1 Dogherty received a heavy fall in attempting to rally. Any odds, but no takers.

1862 Vanity Fair 19 Apr. 193/1 Rebels will shortly go begging round the streets of Northern cities, offering themselves like ‘oysters, by the quart, hundred or thousand’, and no takers will appear.

1893 W. K. Post Harvard Stories 18 At the last minute he could not get a taker at any odds.

1911 Oil Age 11 Aug. 11/1 Every oil field in the State is represented in the bargains that are being offered, with practically no takers.

1968 Listener 25 July 107/3 ‘If anybody fancies he's better off jumping, he'd better go now.’ There were no takers.

1979 J. Thomson Deadly Relations vi. 76 Whoever killed her must have..laid her down fairly carefully. Any takers so far?

2003 J. Dawson & S. Propes 45 RPM xi. 79 When weeks went by without any takers on his offer, Slim raised the rewards.

5. Stock Market. = taker-in n. 1c. Also: a broker who buys a traded option.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > dealer in stocks and shares > stock-broker > type of

agency broker1827

short1849

shunter1888

taker1899

coulissier1910

1899 Financial Times 28 Nov. 5/7 The extensive taking in of shares at previous Settlements had had the effect of disguising the existence of a large bull account here, but the takers being reduced, others had to be found.

1902 L. R. Higgins Put-and-Call ii. 6 The word ‘option’..means a right to buy or sell a certain quantity of stock on a given day, at a price agreed upon.., for which right the ‘giver’ of option money pays a consideration to the ‘taker’.

1928 Financial Times 8 May 11/4 The Carry-over in Oil shares to-day was somewhat larger than that of last time, but rates ruled much the same. There were a few more ‘givers’ on British Controlled, Shells and Burmahs, but ‘takers’ of Anglo-Persians were still apparent.

1979 G. Cummings Investor's Guide to Stock Market 104 Taker/Taker-In, a seller of shares previously paid for who is prepared to ‘take-in’ the shares and receive a rate under a contango instead of delivering in the normal way and receiving payment. Also a speculator who has sold short and is not able to cover his position by the end of the Stock Exchange account by making delivery, and who is ready to take a contango rate from a ‘giver’.

1996 Investors Chron. (Nexis) 3 May 20 In return for a share in whatever the market-maker has charged the giver for the option, the taker agrees either to buy or sell the shares should the option be exercised.

†II. A thing which takes something. See also taker-in n. 2.

6. A pincer-like claw. Cf. nipper n.¹ 6b. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Scorpiones > member of (scorpion) > parts of > claw(s)

taker1608

tongs1608

chelicer1835

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 223 The sixt [Scorpion] is like a Crabbe.., it is of a great Body, and hath tonges and takers very solide and strong, like the Gramuell or Creuish.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. ix. 199/1 The Crab-like Scorpion, is of a great Body; and hath Tongue, and Takers, very solid and strong, like the Gramuel, or Crevish.

Compounds

C1. With adverbs, forming compound agent nouns corresponding to adverbial combinations of the verb (see take v. Phrasal verbs 1). See also taker-in n., taker-off n., taker-up n.

taker-away n. [after to take away at take v. Phrasal verbs 1]

ΚΠ

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 159 Wheþer it be or not be in þe power of þe seid taker awey for to make satisfaccioun or no.

1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 60^v The Lambe of God, & the taker away of the sinnes of the world.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. vi. 456/2 This King..did heerein acknowledge the onely giuer and taker-away of kingdoms God-almighty.

1795 J. Adams View Universal Hist. II. xi. 76 The North-American aborigines..adore the Great Spirit, the giver and taker away of the breath of life, with the most profound and respectful homage.

1848 E. C. Gaskell Mary Barton II. vi. 95 The taker-away of life.

1978 R. B. Heilman Ways of World v. 148 There is excellent irony in Tom's definition of the Giver as a taker-away of true identity.

1999 A. Hager Understanding Romeo & Juliet iii. 69 References to the sacred doctrine of contrariety, of medicine and poison, of rule and non-rule, and of the sea as giver and taker away of life.

2007 Third Way Winter 6/4 Why shouldn't the taker-away of the £2,000 first prize be a Third Way subscriber?

taker-down n. [after to take down at take v. Phrasal verbs 1]

ΚΠ

1672 J. Horn Comfortable Corroborative Cordial 94 Those Waters he gives, and the Medicine he affords, will spring up and effect in the receiver and taker down thereof, Life in Death, even Eternal Life.

1775 S. Neville Diary 4 Nov. (1950) x. 236 It..has so many blunders & inaccuracies, partly his own & partly of the taker-down.

1820 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 467 The setter up and taker down of kings.

1871 Temple Bar Jan. 181 He enjoyed a great reputation in the regiment, and passed for a regular taker-down of swaggerers.

1915 National Mag. Mar. 944/2 Visscher was associated with George D. Prentice, as a taker-down of sharp sayings and poetic inspiration.

1993 R. Frances Politics of Work vi. 119 Even the most ‘highly skilled’ women—the sewers and takers-down of letterpress—received a mere 20 shillings.

2011 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. r3 Are you an early decorator, or a late taker-down, or both?

taker-out n. [after to take out at take v. Phrasal verbs 1]

ΚΠ

1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. 92/1 Desencaxadór, a taker out of the ioints of any workmanship, a puller in peeces of that is iointed or fastened togither.

1662 C. Wase Dict. Minus at Eximo Exemptor, a taker out.

1732 Abridgm. Statutes of Soc. in Scotl. propagating Christian Knowl. 26 When any Writs are to be taken out of the Chest, the Taker out is to leave a Receipt for the same.

1752 A. McDouall Inst. Laws Scotl. II. iv. 554 The heads of it [sc. the brieve] vary, according to the different character under which the taker out of the brieve claims to be heir.

1885 S. Smiles Men Invention & Industry vi. 174 A patent agent, and a great taker-out of patents, both in his own name and in the names of others.

1969 N.Y. Mag. 14 Apr. 30/3 A secret sharer of joys and sorrows, a keeper of confidences, a taker-out of trash.

2003 T. Magistrale Hollywood's Stephen King vii. 218 Television..has allowed him the opportunity to indulge his own stylistic tendency toward ‘expansive’ writing: ‘I'm more of a “putter in” than a “taker-out”.’

C2. With prepositional phrases, forming agent nouns corresponding to phrasal uses of take.

ΚΠ

1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 624/2 The cry..finds a constant echo in the misinformed, the timid, and the takers-for-granted.

1847 C. G. F. Gore Castles in Air I. ix. 187 Goethe,—that bold taker in vain of the name of any false God.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 98 The best taker to pieces of words of this sort.

1969 A. Young Dancing 30 Be the taker by surprise of CIA-subsidized marimba bands & disconsolate hindu castaways.

1983 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 20 Mar. 26/4 Alice Munro at her best is an engrossingly truthful ‘taker into account’.

C3.

taker meer n. [ < taker n. + meer, variant of mere n.²] English regional (Derbyshire); now historical and rare a meer (see mere n.² 2) allocated to another miner after the founder (founder n.⁴ 2) has taken his portion; cf. founder-meer at founder n.⁴ 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > portion worked by a miner > in lead-mine

founder-meer1653

taker meer1653

1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 46 But yet a difference may be taken clear, Betwixt a founder, and a taker meer.

1758 Let. 16 Apr. in W. Hardy Miners Guide (1762) 72 You are desired to arrest the Founder called Calves-Head in Carsington Pasture, in your Liberty, with all the Taker Meers, or Possessions for Meers thereunto belonging.

1863 Derby Mercury 11 Feb. 3 The founder of Nether Mart Rose..was indefinite as to range, and no taker meers were taken up from it.

1998 J. H. Rieuwerts Gloss. Derbyshire Lead Mining Terms 76/2 Each taker meer was..freed by giving the first dish of ore obtained from that meer to the Barmaster.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	taker
释义	takern. Brit. /ˈteɪkə/, U.S. /ˈteɪkər/ Forms: Middle English takar, Middle English takare, Middle English takere, Middle English– taker; Scottish pre-1700 tackar, pre-1700 tacker, pre-1700 taikair, pre-1700 taikar, pre-1700 taiker, pre-1700 takair, pre-1700 takar, pre-1700 takare, pre-1700 takere, pre-1700 takkar, pre-1700 takor, pre-1700 1700s– taker. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: take v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < take v. + -er suffix¹. I. A person who takes something or someone. †1. A person who protects or sustains another. Cf. taker-up n. 1, uptaker n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > [noun] > as protector shield971 friendOE berghera1300 takerc1350 safeguardera1535 safe-maker1616 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xvii. 3 (MED) My God ys myn helper..My defendour and þe helpe of myn helþe and my taker [L. susceptor]. c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) liii. 4 Our Lord is taker of my soule. 1606 T. Hutton 2nd Pt. Reasons for Refusall 224 Least God the taker of mans frailtie bee thought changed. 2. a. A person who captures, catches, apprehends, or takes possession of someone or something; a catcher; a captor, a conqueror. In later use chiefly with of. Cf. take v. 1.mouse-taker, priest-taker, thief-taker, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > [noun] > one who taker1421 1421 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 88 (MED) The guerdon and reward..appoynted to hym that miȝt have that fortune..to ben takers of the said John Oldcastell. 1454 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 281 Halfe of that ramson to the takerys, and the othir halfe to the courte. ?c1510 tr. Newe Landes & People founde by Kynge of Portyngale sig. E^v They be good takers of fysshe. 1555 J. Wilkinson tr. L. de Avila y Cuñiga Comm. Wars in Germany sig. Q.iii^v Thei offred their fortune to theyr takers. 1584 E. Paget tr. J. Calvin Harmonie vpon Three Euangelists 275 Commonlye they [sc. doves] caste themselues into the snares of the takers. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xv. 626/1 The King..had promised a thousand markes to his taker. 1669 J. Denham Cato Major i. 13 Takers of Cities, Conquerors in War. 1718 J. Ozell tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Voy. Levant II. vi. 207 'Tis believ'd that Orthogul, Father of the famous Othoman, the first Emperor of the Turks, was the Taker of Erzeron. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. iv. 451 A searcher, and taker of thieves, and limmers. 1878 Mind 3 331 The lesson preached in every bas-relief..is the same: obey the great king who is the taker of cities and the ruler of peoples. 1926 E. Wallace Door with Seven Locks (2001) i. 5 He was..the cleverest taker of thieves the Yard had known. 1988 G. K. Plochmann & F. E. Robinson Friendly Compan. to Plato's Gorgias iv. xii. 308 This ruler of the Persian Empire is a leader of armies and taker of cities. b. An officer responsible for procuring or requisitioning provisions for the household of a monarch or other high-ranking person; = purveyor n. 1a. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > [noun] > by (public) authority > for public service > one who purveyora1325 taker1423 impressor1781 1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 172 (MED) To an taker of þe kynges for to suffer owr Carpenters stille yn our werke at Brewers Halle, xvj d. 1445–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1445 §47. m. 3 That no man of this roialme have takers bot oonlye the kyng and the qwene. ?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Bv^v As for capons ye can gette none The kyngys taker toke vp eche one. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. H4 ^v Let all the droppings of my pen bee seazed vpon by the Queenes Takers for Tarre to dresse ships with. 1619 M. Dalton Countrey Justice (ed. 2) 91 Offences of Purueyors, Takers,..or other ministers for the kings Maiesty. 1682 W. Gough Londinum Triumphans 106 None of the Kings Takers should take any thing within the City without the owners will. 1863 Law Mag. & Law Rev. 15 45 An Act ordaining that all the king's takers, purveyors, and catours should carry the king's seal. 1963 H. M. Cam Liberties & Communities Medieval Eng. iii. 44 In 1268 and 1269 Robert is acting as the king's taker of wines throughout the country. 2005 A. F. Sutton Mercery of London 546 The felling of two trees at Stepney had been done by the queen's takers for gun-stocks for the Tower. c. (a) Chiefly Law. A person who takes possession, esp. of land; (also) a person who becomes the holder of property by taking out a lease. Often with first, next, or last. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > [noun] > one who acquires land by a single title purchasera1400 takerc1450 singular successora1646 society > law > transfer of property > entering on possession > [noun] > one who takerc1450 intrant1517 entror1588 entrant1636 taker-up1662 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant kindly tenanta1325 tenant1377 mailer1392 farmer1414 renter1444 takerc1450 fee-farmer1468 lessee1495 mail-man?a1500 tacksman1533 land-tenant1543 rentaller1553 fermerera1572 tenementer1574 mail-payer1597 inholdera1599 feu-farmer1609 leaseholder1858 leaser1877 c1450 Documents from Droitwich in Middle Eng. Dict. at Taker(e Syche tyme as euery one them shew ther indenturs and dedes off purches who wer furst takers and who had furst possession. 1546 Decree for Tythes to be payed in London sig. Aii^v The principall fermour or fermours or fyrst taker or takers therof, his or their executours or assignes, shall paie his or their tithes after the rate aforesaied. 1629 Vse of Law 54 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light The Lessor; commeth to the doore, backside, or Garden..and there he expresseth, that hee doth graunt vnto the taker; called, the Lessee, for tearme of his life. 1665 Irish Act 17 & 18 Chas. II c. 2 All and every the messuages, lands, Tenements and Hereditaments..are hereby declared to be Assets for and towards the satisfaction and payment of all such Debts to which the first takers thereof are..made lyable by this Act. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. i. 9 Property, both in lands and moveables, being thus originally acquired by the first taker,..it remains in him, by the principles of universal law, till such time as he does some other act which shews an intention to abandon it. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. xviii. 275 The next taker is entitled to enter regularly. 1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 188 When the adventurers thus set a Mine to farm, they oblige the Taker or Tributor to keep the Mine in good repair. 1794 W. Brown Rep. Cases Chancery IV. 210 If he had survived the last taker for life, he must have taken a share of the residue. 1805 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. I. 535 The takers grant bill with a surety for the rent. 1832 Law Mag. 7 139 This..is the qualification including all takers of a tenement for any less term than one year. 1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 26 548 The absolute interest which the sixth Earl, as first taker, acquired. 1909 G. W. Warvelle Princ. Amer. Law Real Prop. (ed. 3) iv. 176 As the descent from the first taker was removed the number of persons claiming collaterally from the last taker was..proportionally multiplied. 1949 T. F. T. Plucknett Legislation Edward I v. 134 All the statute gave them was an entail which was inalienable during the life of the first taker. 1993 L. Vardi Land & Loom iv. 80 The custom gave takers a security of tenure that would encourage them to invest in the property. 2013 V. Mākinen in J. Cunliffe & G. Erreygers Inherited Wealth, Justice & Equality ii. 27 According to the theory of first occupancy..something which did not belong to anyone (res nullius) became the property of the first taker. †(b) English regional (Derbyshire). A miner who takes possession of a meer (see mere n.² 2) after the founder (founder n.⁴ 2) has taken his meer. See also taker meer n. at Compounds 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > who stakes or takes up claim > in lead mines taker1549 1549 Wirksworth Barmote Court (P.R.O.: E 101/273/14) The furst fyndar shall have ij meyers & the next meyer after the bayermayster for the Kynge..& every taker after but one meyer. 1670 J. Pettus Fodinæ Regales 92 The first Finder shall have two Meers, and the next Meer after the Burghmaster shall have for the King, according to the old Custom of the Mine, and every taker after but one Meer. 1734 High Peak Articles in Compl. Mineral Laws 22 Where any Miner doth take and possess any fresh Ground..and does work the same to the Knowledge of any other, who before such Takers aforesaid, were or pretended to be possess'd of the same Ground as Taker of a Forefield for an old Founder. 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. U4^v Taker, he that takes a Mear or Mears, from him that is the Founder; several Men may take one after another, if they think it may be worth their while, and then the Mears so taken go by some Name or other, as A's Taker Mear, or B's Taker Mear, or their second or third Taker Mears, to distinguish them from the Founders, and one Taker from another. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Next taker, among miners, is he that hath the next meer in possession. d. A person who takes something from another by force or wrongfully; a robber, a thief, a plunderer, a pilferer. In later use chiefly with of.Formerly also in extended use: †a literary plunderer, a plagiarist (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] thief688 bribera1387 stealer1508 taker?a1513 goodfellow1566 snatcher1575 lift1591 liftera1592 larcin1596 Tartar1602 lime-twig1606 outparter1607 Tartarian1608 flick1610 puggard1611 gilt1620 nim1630 highwayman1652 cloyer1659 out-trader1660 Robin Goodfellow1680 birdlime1705 gyp1728 filch1775 kiddy1780 snaveller1781 larcenist1803 pincher1814 geach1821 wharf-rat1823 toucher1837 larcener1839 snammer1839 drummer1856 gun1857 forker1867 gunsmith1869 nabber1880 thiever1899 tea-leaf1903 gun moll1908 nicker1909 knocker-off1926 possum1945 scuffler1961 rip-off1969 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > want of originality > one who derives from a source > one who plagiarizes polyanthean1621 plagiarist1674 takera1677 a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 148 Grit men for taking and oppressioun At sett full famous at the Sessioun, And peur takaris ar hangit hie. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. Pref. As euell as a violent taker or (if you will) a robber. 1609 S. Rowlands Dr. Merrie-man 3 Sirrah sayes one, stand, and your Purse deliuer; I am a taker, thou must be a giuer. 1655 W. Prynne 2nd Pt. Seasonable, Legal & Hist. Vindic. iii. 7 The swords of theeves ceased, the cruelties of Plunderers and violent takers of mens Goods and possessions were prevented. a1677 M. Clifford Notes Dryden's Poems (1687) ii. 6 Pray hear what Famianus Strada says of such Takers as Mr. Dryden. 1753 Gen. Treat. Naval Trade & Commerce (ed. 2) I. xii. 132 If it be proved that any thing be stolen out of the Wreck, the Takers shall be deemed Robbers. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iv, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 80 Robin Hood's dead and gwone, but there be takers yet in the vale of Bever. 1829 M. R. Mitford Pretty Bobby in Christmas Box 142 Off ran the naughty taker of birds' nests, vainly pursued by little Sophy's chidings. 1905 J. C. Cox Royal Forests Eng. xxiv. 293 Ralph Baggley was fined 100s. for being a common destroyer of pheasants and partridges and a taker of birds. 1997 J. Rule in J. Rule & R. Wells Crime, Protest & Pop. Politics S. Eng. x. 244 In 1828 the taker of sixty-one sheep from a fold of 554 offered them for sale at Devizes Fair the following morning. 3. More generally: a person who takes something, in various senses of the verb; an acquirer, a recipient, a partaker, an adopter, etc.census-taker, note-taker, risk-taker, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > [noun] > one who takes taker?a1425 ?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 61 Hou miche more raþer þise cursid takars? 1487 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1487 §18. m. 10 Where wymmen..been oft tymes taken by mysdoers..and after maried to such mysdoers... Such mysdoers, takers and procuratours to the same be hensforth reputed and juged as principall felons. 1514 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1900) 15 450 The payne sessed as well to the Taker as to the gever. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Tabil sig. .iii Takaris of ouir mekil mail or farme, to the herschipe of the tenentis. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues* 261 We read of Alcibiades, that he was a great taker, and would be corrupted with money. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 66 The Turkes are also incredible takers of Opium. 1654 E. Lane Image our Reforming Times To Rdr. sig. A4^v He that takes offence not given, is both the giver and the taker of the offence. 1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) ii. 93 Layers and takers of paper on and from the rolling-presses. 1767 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. (1844) I. 6 The present King is a great taker of snuff. 1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 29 Aug. 50 If this were the case, who would be safe, unless all the notes were endorsed from hand to hand, and unless each taker of notes kept a register of them. 1863 Scrap Bk. 14 Mar. 334/2 In Boston, a photograph taker, 'tis said, Produces the portraits of people long dead. 1884 I. Bligh in James Lillywhite's Cricketers' Ann. i. ii. 7 Principal takers of wickets. 1885 Law Times 7 Feb. 266/1 The taker of a railway ticket must know what is on the face of it. 1914 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 3 Feb. 2/1 It was common custom to..mingle with the pleasure makers and pleasure takers. 1949 Times 3 June 3/6 As for Edrich, well, he is still a taker of wickets in any company, as he proved yesterday. 1952 J. L. Waten Alien Son 166 You'll never make anything out of those blokes... They're takers, not givers. 1990 B. E. Altschuler LBJ & Polls v. 70 Gallup's statement appears to indicate that anyone studying the relationship between presidents and the takers of public polls would have little to write about. 2006 New Yorker 15 May 87/1 He was also a holist and a taker of the long view. 4. Originally: a person who agrees to take a bet offered with specific odds. Later more generally: a person who accepts an offer or challenge, responds positively to a suggestion, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > [noun] > acceptance > one who accepts accepter?a1425 acceptor1504 acceptant1598 acceptee1804 taker1808 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > better > one who accepts bet taker1808 1808 Sporting Mag. Apr. 36/1 Dogherty received a heavy fall in attempting to rally. Any odds, but no takers. 1862 Vanity Fair 19 Apr. 193/1 Rebels will shortly go begging round the streets of Northern cities, offering themselves like ‘oysters, by the quart, hundred or thousand’, and no takers will appear. 1893 W. K. Post Harvard Stories 18 At the last minute he could not get a taker at any odds. 1911 Oil Age 11 Aug. 11/1 Every oil field in the State is represented in the bargains that are being offered, with practically no takers. 1968 Listener 25 July 107/3 ‘If anybody fancies he's better off jumping, he'd better go now.’ There were no takers. 1979 J. Thomson Deadly Relations vi. 76 Whoever killed her must have..laid her down fairly carefully. Any takers so far? 2003 J. Dawson & S. Propes 45 RPM xi. 79 When weeks went by without any takers on his offer, Slim raised the rewards. 5. Stock Market. = taker-in n. 1c. Also: a broker who buys a traded option. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > dealer in stocks and shares > stock-broker > type of agency broker1827 short1849 shunter1888 taker1899 coulissier1910 1899 Financial Times 28 Nov. 5/7 The extensive taking in of shares at previous Settlements had had the effect of disguising the existence of a large bull account here, but the takers being reduced, others had to be found. 1902 L. R. Higgins Put-and-Call ii. 6 The word ‘option’..means a right to buy or sell a certain quantity of stock on a given day, at a price agreed upon.., for which right the ‘giver’ of option money pays a consideration to the ‘taker’. 1928 Financial Times 8 May 11/4 The Carry-over in Oil shares to-day was somewhat larger than that of last time, but rates ruled much the same. There were a few more ‘givers’ on British Controlled, Shells and Burmahs, but ‘takers’ of Anglo-Persians were still apparent. 1979 G. Cummings Investor's Guide to Stock Market 104 Taker/Taker-In, a seller of shares previously paid for who is prepared to ‘take-in’ the shares and receive a rate under a contango instead of delivering in the normal way and receiving payment. Also a speculator who has sold short and is not able to cover his position by the end of the Stock Exchange account by making delivery, and who is ready to take a contango rate from a ‘giver’. 1996 Investors Chron. (Nexis) 3 May 20 In return for a share in whatever the market-maker has charged the giver for the option, the taker agrees either to buy or sell the shares should the option be exercised. †II. A thing which takes something. See also taker-in n. 2. 6. A pincer-like claw. Cf. nipper n.¹ 6b. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Scorpiones > member of (scorpion) > parts of > claw(s) taker1608 tongs1608 chelicer1835 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 223 The sixt [Scorpion] is like a Crabbe.., it is of a great Body, and hath tonges and takers very solide and strong, like the Gramuell or Creuish. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. ix. 199/1 The Crab-like Scorpion, is of a great Body; and hath Tongue, and Takers, very solid and strong, like the Gramuel, or Crevish. Compounds C1. With adverbs, forming compound agent nouns corresponding to adverbial combinations of the verb (see take v. Phrasal verbs 1). See also taker-in n., taker-off n., taker-up n. taker-away n. [after to take away at take v. Phrasal verbs 1] ΚΠ c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 159 Wheþer it be or not be in þe power of þe seid taker awey for to make satisfaccioun or no. 1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 60^v The Lambe of God, & the taker away of the sinnes of the world. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. vi. 456/2 This King..did heerein acknowledge the onely giuer and taker-away of kingdoms God-almighty. 1795 J. Adams View Universal Hist. II. xi. 76 The North-American aborigines..adore the Great Spirit, the giver and taker away of the breath of life, with the most profound and respectful homage. 1848 E. C. Gaskell Mary Barton II. vi. 95 The taker-away of life. 1978 R. B. Heilman Ways of World v. 148 There is excellent irony in Tom's definition of the Giver as a taker-away of true identity. 1999 A. Hager Understanding Romeo & Juliet iii. 69 References to the sacred doctrine of contrariety, of medicine and poison, of rule and non-rule, and of the sea as giver and taker away of life. 2007 Third Way Winter 6/4 Why shouldn't the taker-away of the £2,000 first prize be a Third Way subscriber? taker-down n. [after to take down at take v. Phrasal verbs 1] ΚΠ 1672 J. Horn Comfortable Corroborative Cordial 94 Those Waters he gives, and the Medicine he affords, will spring up and effect in the receiver and taker down thereof, Life in Death, even Eternal Life. 1775 S. Neville Diary 4 Nov. (1950) x. 236 It..has so many blunders & inaccuracies, partly his own & partly of the taker-down. 1820 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 467 The setter up and taker down of kings. 1871 Temple Bar Jan. 181 He enjoyed a great reputation in the regiment, and passed for a regular taker-down of swaggerers. 1915 National Mag. Mar. 944/2 Visscher was associated with George D. Prentice, as a taker-down of sharp sayings and poetic inspiration. 1993 R. Frances Politics of Work vi. 119 Even the most ‘highly skilled’ women—the sewers and takers-down of letterpress—received a mere 20 shillings. 2011 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. r3 Are you an early decorator, or a late taker-down, or both? taker-out n. [after to take out at take v. Phrasal verbs 1] ΚΠ 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. 92/1 Desencaxadór, a taker out of the ioints of any workmanship, a puller in peeces of that is iointed or fastened togither. 1662 C. Wase Dict. Minus at Eximo Exemptor, a taker out. 1732 Abridgm. Statutes of Soc. in Scotl. propagating Christian Knowl. 26 When any Writs are to be taken out of the Chest, the Taker out is to leave a Receipt for the same. 1752 A. McDouall Inst. Laws Scotl. II. iv. 554 The heads of it [sc. the brieve] vary, according to the different character under which the taker out of the brieve claims to be heir. 1885 S. Smiles Men Invention & Industry vi. 174 A patent agent, and a great taker-out of patents, both in his own name and in the names of others. 1969 N.Y. Mag. 14 Apr. 30/3 A secret sharer of joys and sorrows, a keeper of confidences, a taker-out of trash. 2003 T. Magistrale Hollywood's Stephen King vii. 218 Television..has allowed him the opportunity to indulge his own stylistic tendency toward ‘expansive’ writing: ‘I'm more of a “putter in” than a “taker-out”.’ C2. With prepositional phrases, forming agent nouns corresponding to phrasal uses of take. ΚΠ 1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 624/2 The cry..finds a constant echo in the misinformed, the timid, and the takers-for-granted. 1847 C. G. F. Gore Castles in Air I. ix. 187 Goethe,—that bold taker in vain of the name of any false God. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 98 The best taker to pieces of words of this sort. 1969 A. Young Dancing 30 Be the taker by surprise of CIA-subsidized marimba bands & disconsolate hindu castaways. 1983 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 20 Mar. 26/4 Alice Munro at her best is an engrossingly truthful ‘taker into account’. C3. taker meer n. [ < taker n. + meer, variant of mere n.²] English regional (Derbyshire); now historical and rare a meer (see mere n.² 2) allocated to another miner after the founder (founder n.⁴ 2) has taken his portion; cf. founder-meer at founder n.⁴ 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > portion worked by a miner > in lead-mine founder-meer1653 taker meer1653 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 46 But yet a difference may be taken clear, Betwixt a founder, and a taker meer. 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. U4^v Taker, he that takes a Mear or Mears, from him that is the Founder; several Men may take one after another, if they think it may be worth their while, and then the Mears so taken go by some Name or other, as A's Taker Mear, or B's Taker Mear, or their second or third Taker Mears, to distinguish them from the Founders, and one Taker from another. 1758 Let. 16 Apr. in W. Hardy Miners Guide (1762) 72 You are desired to arrest the Founder called Calves-Head in Carsington Pasture, in your Liberty, with all the Taker Meers, or Possessions for Meers thereunto belonging. 1863 Derby Mercury 11 Feb. 3 The founder of Nether Mart Rose..was indefinite as to range, and no taker meers were taken up from it. 1998 J. H. Rieuwerts Gloss. Derbyshire Lead Mining Terms 76/2 Each taker meer was..freed by giving the first dish of ore obtained from that meer to the Barmaster. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1350
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