synedrionn.

Brit.

/sᵻˈnɛdrɪən/, U.S.

/səˈnɛdriən/

Inflections: Plural synedria.

Forms:

α. 1500s– synedrion, 1700s synhedrion.

β. 1600s synedries (plural).

γ. 1700s synedrin, 1700s synhedrim.

δ. 1800s– synedrium.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French synedrion; Latin synedrium; Greek συνέδριον.

Etymology: Partly (i) < Middle French synedrion (1577 in the passage translated in quot. 1581, or earlier; French synédrion , synédrin : see note), partly (ii) < post-classical Latin synedrium (5th cent.), and partly (iii) < their etymon ancient Greek συνέδριον meeting, in Hellenistic Greek also specifically the Jewish Sanhedrin (New Testament) < σύνεδρος sitting with in council (see synedrous adj.) + -ιον, suffix forming nouns.The γ. forms show alteration of the ending after sanhedrim n. (compare forms at that entry); compare also French synédrin (1st half of the 17th cent.).

A judicial or representative assembly, a council, a congress; spec. the Sanhedrin of ancient Israel.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun]

mootOE

councilc1275

mootingc1275

dayc1300

assembly1366

consistoryc1374

house1389

parliamentc1390

convention1554

synodal1573

synod1578

synedrion1581

convenement1603

gemot1643

consessus1646

legislative council1651

national assembly1702

council-general1817

concilium1834

runanga1857

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of body or spec. bodies > [noun] > with reference to foreign countries > Jewish

councilc1384

synedrion1581

Great Synagogue1585

sanhedrim1588

Judenrat1903

1581 T. Wilcox tr. B. de Loque Treatie Churche xiv. 242 This consistorie was heretofore in vse among the Iewes, and was called Synedrion and Presbyterie.

1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. D The Bishoppes..should be throwne downe, and the Iewes Synedrion set vp.

1606 T. Whetenhall Disc. Abuses 119 [They] call them that desire to have restored againe the auncient order of Parish Synedries, Consistories, or Presbyteries..by the nick names of Synedrians, Consistorians, and Puritans.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) v. 341 Annas the younger,..calleth a Consistory or Synedrion, and citeth James.

1677 Howell's Vindic. in Harl. Misc. (1810) VI. 128 How..uncapable am I to censure the proceedings of that great senate, that high synedrion, wherein the wisdom of the whole state is epitomized?

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Sanhedrin, or Synedrin, among the Ancient Jews, the Supreme Council, or Court of Judicature of their Republic.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 7 In their sweltery town-houses, or supposed synhedria.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 86 If a two-years drought happens, the synhedrim..convene in a body, and make proper enquiry into the true cause of their calamities.

1808 W. Mitford Hist. Greece (new ed.) IV. xxxv. §i. 238 Seventy-five cities, of importance enough to have each its representative in the congress, or, in the original term synedrium, which assembled at Athens.

1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 424/1 The [Jewish] synedrium at that time was a political and not a scholastic authority.

1897 R. H. Story Apostol. Ministry Sc. Church i. 21 The synedrion held its meetings in the building used by the synagogue for its religious services.

1914 Class. Philol. 9 53 The Macedonian senate had powers that were not usually granted to the federal synedria of the Greek leagues.

1958 Speculum 33 85 Even in the time of the Synedrium astronomical computation was used to establish the possibility of seeing the crescent.

2005 H. C. Kee Beginnings of Christianity iii. 217 The activities of the apostles are challenged by the council in Jerusalem—the synedrion.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	synedrion
释义	synedrionn. Brit. /sᵻˈnɛdrɪən/, U.S. /səˈnɛdriən/ Inflections: Plural synedria. Forms: α. 1500s– synedrion, 1700s synhedrion. β. 1600s synedries (plural). γ. 1700s synedrin, 1700s synhedrim. δ. 1800s– synedrium. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French synedrion; Latin synedrium; Greek συνέδριον. Etymology: Partly (i) < Middle French synedrion (1577 in the passage translated in quot. 1581, or earlier; French synédrion , synédrin : see note), partly (ii) < post-classical Latin synedrium (5th cent.), and partly (iii) < their etymon ancient Greek συνέδριον meeting, in Hellenistic Greek also specifically the Jewish Sanhedrin (New Testament) < σύνεδρος sitting with in council (see synedrous adj.) + -ιον, suffix forming nouns.The γ. forms show alteration of the ending after sanhedrim n. (compare forms at that entry); compare also French synédrin (1st half of the 17th cent.). A judicial or representative assembly, a council, a congress; spec. the Sanhedrin of ancient Israel. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] mootOE councilc1275 mootingc1275 dayc1300 assembly1366 consistoryc1374 house1389 parliamentc1390 convention1554 synodal1573 synod1578 synedrion1581 convenement1603 gemot1643 consessus1646 legislative council1651 national assembly1702 council-general1817 concilium1834 runanga1857 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of body or spec. bodies > [noun] > with reference to foreign countries > Jewish councilc1384 synedrion1581 Great Synagogue1585 sanhedrim1588 Judenrat1903 1581 T. Wilcox tr. B. de Loque Treatie Churche xiv. 242 This consistorie was heretofore in vse among the Iewes, and was called Synedrion and Presbyterie. 1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. D The Bishoppes..should be throwne downe, and the Iewes Synedrion set vp. 1606 T. Whetenhall Disc. Abuses 119 [They] call them that desire to have restored againe the auncient order of Parish Synedries, Consistories, or Presbyteries..by the nick names of Synedrians, Consistorians, and Puritans. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) v. 341 Annas the younger,..calleth a Consistory or Synedrion, and citeth James. 1677 Howell's Vindic. in Harl. Misc. (1810) VI. 128 How..uncapable am I to censure the proceedings of that great senate, that high synedrion, wherein the wisdom of the whole state is epitomized? 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Sanhedrin, or Synedrin, among the Ancient Jews, the Supreme Council, or Court of Judicature of their Republic. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 7 In their sweltery town-houses, or supposed synhedria. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 86 If a two-years drought happens, the synhedrim..convene in a body, and make proper enquiry into the true cause of their calamities. 1808 W. Mitford Hist. Greece (new ed.) IV. xxxv. §i. 238 Seventy-five cities, of importance enough to have each its representative in the congress, or, in the original term synedrium, which assembled at Athens. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 424/1 The [Jewish] synedrium at that time was a political and not a scholastic authority. 1897 R. H. Story Apostol. Ministry Sc. Church i. 21 The synedrion held its meetings in the building used by the synagogue for its religious services. 1914 Class. Philol. 9 53 The Macedonian senate had powers that were not usually granted to the federal synedria of the Greek leagues. 1958 Speculum 33 85 Even in the time of the Synedrium astronomical computation was used to establish the possibility of seeing the crescent. 2005 H. C. Kee Beginnings of Christianity iii. 217 The activities of the apostles are challenged by the council in Jerusalem—the synedrion. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1581
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