boughn.

Brit.

/baʊ/, U.S.

/baʊ/

Forms: Old English–Middle English bóh, bóg, Middle English boȝ, Middle English boȝh, bou, Middle English bohu, bohw, bouh, buȝ, Middle English bugh, Middle English bogh, Middle English–1600s bow, Middle English boghe, ( boght), boow, bouȝ(e, bouw, bowȝe, buh, Middle English–1500s bowe, Middle English boe, Scottish bwy, Middle English–1500s Scottish bew, Middle English–1600s boughe, 1500s bewch, boowe, bouwe, Middle English–1800s Scottish beugh, Middle English– bough.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English bóg, bóh = Old High German buog (Middle High German buoc, modern German bug) shoulder, foreleg; Middle Dutch boech, Dutch boeg, Old Norse bôg-r shoulder, bow of a ship < Germanic *bôgu-z < Aryan *bhāghu-s, Sanskrit bāhu-s arm. foreleg, Greek πᾶχυς fore-arm. The sense ‘bough of a tree’ appears to be of exclusively English development; the Bow of a ship is ultimately the same word, but of recent adoption < Scandinavian or Low German. Notwithstanding a certain fitness of sense, this word is in no way related to the verb stem *beug- , Old English búg-an to bow v.¹

†1. The shoulder of an animal. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > body and limbs > [noun] > shoulder

shouldera700

boughc1000

c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxix. 22 Þu nymst þone rysle of þam ramme..& þone swyþran boh.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 188 Seyne bowes of wylde bores with þe braune lechyde.

2. A limb, leg. Scottish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > [noun]

shanka900

legc1300

grainsa1400

limbc1400

foot?a1425

stumpa1500

pin?1515

pestlea1529

boughc1550

stamp1567

understander1583

pile1584

supporters1601

walker?1611

trestle1612

fetlock1645

pedestal1695

drumstick1770

gam1785

timber1807

tram1808–18

fork1812

prop1817

nethers1822

forkals1828

understanding1828

stick1830

nether person1835

locomotive1836

nether man1846

underpinning1848

bender1849

Scotch peg1857

Scotch1859

under-pinner1859

stem1860

Coryate's compasses1864

peg1891

wheel1927

shaft1935

c1550 A. Scott in A. Ramsay Ever Green (1761) II. 183 Ryde down this brae, Thocht ye suld brek a beugh.

1706 in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 46 (Jam.) Came and tuik her by the beugh.

a. One of the larger limbs or offshoots of a tree, a main branch; but also applied to a smaller branch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch

boughc1000

limbOE

brancha1300

trainc1390

grain1513

palm1559

arm1579

stem1584

lug-pole1773

hag wood1804

hag1808

tree branch1851

rame1858

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxi. 8 Sume heowun þæra treowa bogas [c1160 Hatton boges].

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10002 All cwike. & grene boȝhess.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 219 Þe huuemeste bou of þe treuwe.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 608 A grene oliues bog.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8291 Apon a bogh þan can he seit.

c1420 Anturs of Arth. iv. (1842) 2 Vndur boes thay byde.

1423 Kingis Quair xxxv From beugh to beugh thay hippit and thai plaid.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Lion & Mouse l. 1330 in Poems (1981) 54 The bewis braid blomit abone my heid.

c1500 God speed Plough 30 Our payment shalbe a styk of A bough.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. x. f. 146^v To couer the same with bouwes.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 154 Fasten that line to any bow .

1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 17 May (1965) I. 356 Follow'd by a Man dress'd in Green Boughs.

1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. xxi. 221 Boughs are groaning and breaking.

†b. transferred and figurative. A main branch, as of a vein or artery; a branch of a family, or of anything metaphorically referred to as a tree. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > arm or branch > main branch

bough?c1225

main stem1856

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 249 Bigin earst ed prude. & seh alle þe boȝes þrof.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 24274 All sal be sauued thoru a man þat born es on þis bogh.

1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 40 He wedded þe dukes douhter..Þre bouwes of þam spronge.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Ovi^v The religious persone, shulde nat..haue..deed bowes ne corrupt braunches.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. vi. 12 The Boughs of the Vein..are sent unto the transverse Muscle.

4. transferred. A gallows: cf. similar use of tree. Legal Proverb. ‘The father to the bough, the son to the plough’: supposed to mean that, according to Kentish custom, attainder for felony does not deprive a man's children of the succession to his property. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > gallows

gallowsOE

gallows-treea1000

warytre?a1200

gibbet?c1225

gallow-forka1250

forkc1275

juisec1320

forchesc1380

crossa1382

treec1425

patible1428

justice1484

potencec1500

haltera1533

turning-tree1548

potentc1550

three treesa1566

chates1567

mare1568

furel1587

bough1590

gibe1590

derrickc1600

hangrella1605

cross-tree1638

Gregorian tree1641

wooden horse1642

timber-marec1650

triple tree1651

furca1653

nubbing1673

a horse that was foaled of an acorn1678

nub1699

Tyburn tree1728

raven-stone1738

picture frame1785

crap1789

lamp-iron1790

Moll Blood1818

stifler1818

scragging-post1819

government signposta1828

leafless tree1830

shuggie-shue1836

doom-tree1837

stob1860–62

1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes ii. f. 53 Or in Kent in Gauelkind..for there it is said, the father to the boughe, and the son to the ploughe.

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 113 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Some..have beene for their goods sake caught up, and carryed straight to the bough.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 77 If she doom thee to the bough.

Compounds

bough-flecked adj. flecked by the partial shadow of boughs (poetic).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [adjective] > casting a shadow > overshadowed > lying in shadow > flecked with shadow

bough-flecked1870

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 404 The bough-flecked dazzling light of mid-day shone.

bough-house n. (a) U.S. a temporary structure made of boughs; (b) dialect see quot. 1852.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > hut or hovel > [noun] > types of

lonquhardc1480

hothouse1643

ajoupa1666

penthouse1683

pandal?1692

bark-hut1744

log-tent1748

log cabin1770

bush-hut1775

log-hut1778

yurt1780

isba1784

beach hut1806

whare1807

bough-house1811

pondok1815

grass hut1818

hartebeest house1818

leaf hut1818

gunyah1820

grass house1823

slab-and-bark hut1826

slab-and-shingle hut1826

slab whare1826

rondavel1829

bush-house1835

skerm1835

jacal1838

toldo1839

log-shanty1847

wurley1847

maloca1853

palm hut1853

whare1853

hutmenta1857

bush-shanty1857

benab1860

pondokkie1862

bothan1863

lanaia1869

hogan1872

tenta1873

beehive-hut1884

leaf shelter1886

Oklahoma1889

goondie1890

cabana1898

troolie hut1899

tukul1901

fale1902

banda1908

kya1909

hut1913

obi1913

Nissen hut1917

Nissen1919

basha1921

tourist cabin1928

bunkie1935

wanigan1937

Quonset hut1942

chickee1943

iron lung1943

Quonset1943

1811 A. Wilson Amer. Ornithol. III. 111 Their destroyers construct for themselves lurking holes made of pine branches, called bough-houses.

1852 Notes & Queries 17 Apr. 371/2 Witnesses spoke of a ‘bough-house’, and the explanation given was, that certain houses where beer, &c. was sold at fair-time only had boughs outside to indicate their character.

1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words 4 Bough-house, house opened at fair-time only, for the sale of liquor. (Pershore.) Suppressed 1863.

1894 Outing July 281/1 Down in the bough house the campers reclined.

1946 E. Blunden Shelley i. 20 To the July Fair..folk came in from the country by hundreds and thousands, and ‘bough houses’ for their refreshment crowded the roadways.

boughless adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es) > without leaves or branches

armless1596

branchless1611

unbranched1731

limbless1770

boughless1839

boughed1852

bare-poled1864

staggy1933

rownsepyked1937

1839 Fraser's Mag. 20 345 A birch-tree, entirely boughless, branchless, and twigless.

bough-runes n. Stephens's name for the runic characters modified so as to resemble branching trees.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > rune > type of

rune tree1863

tree-rune1863

bough-runes1866

twig-rune1866

1866 G. Stephens Old-Northern Runic Monuments I. i. 240 The Ice-runes are read in the same way as the Bough-runes on the Maeshoue stones.

bough thrush n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous

bough thrush1669

rock thrush1781

locust eater1790

kick-up1847

solitaire1847

mountain thrush1848

scrub-robin1848

thrush-tit1889

akalat1902

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 249 Field-fares and Bow-thrushes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bough
释义	boughn. Brit. /baʊ/, U.S. /baʊ/ Forms: Old English–Middle English bóh, bóg, Middle English boȝ, Middle English boȝh, bou, Middle English bohu, bohw, bouh, buȝ, Middle English bugh, Middle English bogh, Middle English–1600s bow, Middle English boghe, ( boght), boow, bouȝ(e, bouw, bowȝe, buh, Middle English–1500s bowe, Middle English boe, Scottish bwy, Middle English–1500s Scottish bew, Middle English–1600s boughe, 1500s bewch, boowe, bouwe, Middle English–1800s Scottish beugh, Middle English– bough. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English bóg, bóh = Old High German buog (Middle High German buoc, modern German bug) shoulder, foreleg; Middle Dutch boech, Dutch boeg, Old Norse bôg-r shoulder, bow of a ship < Germanic bôgu-z < Aryan bhāghu-s, Sanskrit bāhu-s arm. foreleg, Greek πᾶχυς fore-arm. The sense ‘bough of a tree’ appears to be of exclusively English development; the Bow of a ship is ultimately the same word, but of recent adoption < Scandinavian or Low German. Notwithstanding a certain fitness of sense, this word is in no way related to the verb stem beug- , Old English búg-an* to bow v.¹ †1. The shoulder of an animal. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > body and limbs > [noun] > shoulder shouldera700 boughc1000 c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxix. 22 Þu nymst þone rysle of þam ramme..& þone swyþran boh. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 188 Seyne bowes of wylde bores with þe braune lechyde. 2. A limb, leg. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > [noun] shanka900 legc1300 grainsa1400 limbc1400 foot?a1425 stumpa1500 pin?1515 pestlea1529 boughc1550 stamp1567 understander1583 pile1584 supporters1601 walker?1611 trestle1612 fetlock1645 pedestal1695 drumstick1770 gam1785 timber1807 tram1808–18 fork1812 prop1817 nethers1822 forkals1828 understanding1828 stick1830 nether person1835 locomotive1836 nether man1846 underpinning1848 bender1849 Scotch peg1857 Scotch1859 under-pinner1859 stem1860 Coryate's compasses1864 peg1891 wheel1927 shaft1935 c1550 A. Scott in A. Ramsay Ever Green (1761) II. 183 Ryde down this brae, Thocht ye suld brek a beugh. 1706 in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 46 (Jam.) Came and tuik her by the beugh. 3. a. One of the larger limbs or offshoots of a tree, a main branch; but also applied to a smaller branch. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch boughc1000 limbOE brancha1300 trainc1390 grain1513 palm1559 arm1579 stem1584 lug-pole1773 hag wood1804 hag1808 tree branch1851 rame1858 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxi. 8 Sume heowun þæra treowa bogas [c1160 Hatton boges]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10002 All cwike. & grene boȝhess. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 219 Þe huuemeste bou of þe treuwe. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 608 A grene oliues bog. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8291 Apon a bogh þan can he seit. c1420 Anturs of Arth. iv. (1842) 2 Vndur boes thay byde. 1423 Kingis Quair xxxv From beugh to beugh thay hippit and thai plaid. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Lion & Mouse l. 1330 in Poems (1981) 54 The bewis braid blomit abone my heid. c1500 God speed Plough 30 Our payment shalbe a styk of A bough. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. x. f. 146^v To couer the same with bouwes. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler 154 Fasten that line to any bow . View more context for this quotation 1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 17 May (1965) I. 356 Follow'd by a Man dress'd in Green Boughs. 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. xxi. 221 Boughs are groaning and breaking. †b. transferred and figurative. A main branch, as of a vein or artery; a branch of a family, or of anything metaphorically referred to as a tree. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > arm or branch > main branch bough?c1225 main stem1856 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 249 Bigin earst ed prude. & seh alle þe boȝes þrof. a1300 Cursor Mundi 24274 All sal be sauued thoru a man þat born es on þis bogh. 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 40 He wedded þe dukes douhter..Þre bouwes of þam spronge. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Ovi^v The religious persone, shulde nat..haue..deed bowes ne corrupt braunches. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. vi. 12 The Boughs of the Vein..are sent unto the transverse Muscle. 4. transferred. A gallows: cf. similar use of tree. Legal Proverb. ‘The father to the bough, the son to the plough’: supposed to mean that, according to Kentish custom, attainder for felony does not deprive a man's children of the succession to his property. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > gallows gallowsOE gallows-treea1000 warytre?a1200 gibbet?c1225 gallow-forka1250 forkc1275 juisec1320 forchesc1380 crossa1382 treec1425 patible1428 justice1484 potencec1500 haltera1533 turning-tree1548 potentc1550 three treesa1566 chates1567 mare1568 furel1587 bough1590 gibe1590 derrickc1600 hangrella1605 cross-tree1638 Gregorian tree1641 wooden horse1642 timber-marec1650 triple tree1651 furca1653 nubbing1673 a horse that was foaled of an acorn1678 nub1699 Tyburn tree1728 raven-stone1738 picture frame1785 crap1789 lamp-iron1790 Moll Blood1818 stifler1818 scragging-post1819 government signposta1828 leafless tree1830 shuggie-shue1836 doom-tree1837 stob1860–62 1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes ii. f. 53 Or in Kent in Gauelkind..for there it is said, the father to the boughe, and the son to the ploughe. a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 113 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Some..have beene for their goods sake caught up, and carryed straight to the bough. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 77 If she doom thee to the bough. Compounds bough-flecked adj. flecked by the partial shadow of boughs (poetic). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [adjective] > casting a shadow > overshadowed > lying in shadow > flecked with shadow bough-flecked1870 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 404 The bough-flecked dazzling light of mid-day shone. bough-house n. (a) U.S. a temporary structure made of boughs; (b) dialect see quot. 1852. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > hut or hovel > [noun] > types of lonquhardc1480 hothouse1643 ajoupa1666 penthouse1683 pandal?1692 bark-hut1744 log-tent1748 log cabin1770 bush-hut1775 log-hut1778 yurt1780 isba1784 beach hut1806 whare1807 bough-house1811 pondok1815 grass hut1818 hartebeest house1818 leaf hut1818 gunyah1820 grass house1823 slab-and-bark hut1826 slab-and-shingle hut1826 slab whare1826 rondavel1829 bush-house1835 skerm1835 jacal1838 toldo1839 log-shanty1847 wurley1847 maloca1853 palm hut1853 whare1853 hutmenta1857 bush-shanty1857 benab1860 pondokkie1862 bothan1863 lanaia1869 hogan1872 tenta1873 beehive-hut1884 leaf shelter1886 Oklahoma1889 goondie1890 cabana1898 troolie hut1899 tukul1901 fale1902 banda1908 kya1909 hut1913 obi1913 Nissen hut1917 Nissen1919 basha1921 tourist cabin1928 bunkie1935 wanigan1937 Quonset hut1942 chickee1943 iron lung1943 Quonset1943 1811 A. Wilson Amer. Ornithol. III. 111 Their destroyers construct for themselves lurking holes made of pine branches, called bough-houses. 1852 Notes & Queries 17 Apr. 371/2 Witnesses spoke of a ‘bough-house’, and the explanation given was, that certain houses where beer, &c. was sold at fair-time only had boughs outside to indicate their character. 1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words 4 Bough-house, house opened at fair-time only, for the sale of liquor. (Pershore.) Suppressed 1863. 1894 Outing July 281/1 Down in the bough house the campers reclined. 1946 E. Blunden Shelley i. 20 To the July Fair..folk came in from the country by hundreds and thousands, and ‘bough houses’ for their refreshment crowded the roadways. boughless adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es) > without leaves or branches armless1596 branchless1611 unbranched1731 limbless1770 boughless1839 boughed1852 bare-poled1864 staggy1933 rownsepyked1937 1839 Fraser's Mag. 20 345 A birch-tree, entirely boughless, branchless, and twigless. bough-runes n. Stephens's name for the runic characters modified so as to resemble branching trees. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > rune > type of rune tree1863 tree-rune1863 bough-runes1866 twig-rune1866 1866 G. Stephens Old-Northern Runic Monuments I. i. 240 The Ice-runes are read in the same way as the Bough-runes on the Maeshoue stones. bough thrush n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous bough thrush1669 rock thrush1781 locust eater1790 kick-up1847 solitaire1847 mountain thrush1848 scrub-robin1848 thrush-tit1889 akalat1902 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 249 Field-fares and Bow-thrushes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † boughv.¹ Etymology: < bough n. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To strip of boughs. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [verb (transitive)] > trees: prune or lop sneda800 shredc1000 crop?c1225 purgec1384 parea1398 shear1398 shridea1425 dodc1440 polla1449 twist1483 top1509 stow1513 lop1519 bough?1523 head?1523 poll-shred1530 prune1547 prime1565 twig1570 reform1574 disbranch1575 shroud1577 snathe1609 detruncate1623 amputate1638 abnodate1656 duba1661 to strip up1664 reprune1666 pollard1670 shrub1682 log1699 switch1811 limb1835 preen1847 to cut back1871 shrig1873 brash1950 summer prune1980 ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlii^v Dresse the wode and bowe it clene, and cutte it at euery byght. 1852 M. F. Tupper Proverb. Philos. 391 The tree is felled, and boughed, and bare. 2. intransitive. To send out boughs. 3. With down (see quot.). U.S. ΚΠ a1861 T. Winthrop Life in Open Air (1863) 89 Iglesias and I stripped off armfuls of boughs and twigs from the spruces to ‘bough down’ our camp. ‘Boughing down’ is shingling the floor elaborately with evergreen foliage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † boughv.² Etymology: < the sound; compare bow-wow v. Obsolete exc. Scottish. Categories » intransitive. To bark as a dog (now only with Scottish pronunciation /baʊx/). Derivatives ˈboughing adj. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [adjective] > that barks wappingc1440 barking1552 boughing1566 yamphing1728 yaffing1815 yaffling1875 1566 J. Studley tr. Seneca Agamemnon iv. sig. F.vi^v Nor barkt with any boughing throte. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.c1000v.¹?1523v.²1566
随便看	brute-bastille bungee rope bungees bunger bungerliness bungerly bungest bungho bunghole bungholes bungie-bird bungiebird bunging bungknife bungle bungle-headed bungled bungleheaded bungler bungler-like bunglerlike bunglers bunglery bungles bunglesome

boughn.

Compounds

† boughv.1

† boughv.2

Derivatives

† boughv.¹

† boughv.²