swithern.

Brit.

/ˈswɪðə/, U.S.

/ˈswɪðər/, Scottish English

/ˈswɪθər/

Forms: Also 1700s–1800s swidder (see Eng. Dial. Dict.).

Etymology: < swither v.¹

Scottish and dialect.

1. A state of agitation or excitement; a flurry, fluster.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun]

fever1340

motiona1398

quotidian?a1439

rufflea1535

commotion1581

fret1582

hurry1600

puddering1603

tumultuousnessa1617

trepidation1625

feverishness1638

boilingc1660

fermentationc1660

tumult1663

ferment1672

stickle1681

fuss1705

whirl1707

flurry1710

sweat1715

fluster1728

pucker1740

flutter1741

flustration1747

flutteration1753

tremor1753

swithera1768

twitteration1775

state1781

stew1806

scrow1808

tumultuating1815

flurrification1822

tew1825

purr1842

pirr1856

tête montée1859

go1866

faff1874

poultry flutter1876

palaver1878

thirl1879

razzle-dazzle1885

nervism1887

flurry-scurry1888

fikiness1889

foment1889

dither1891

swivet1892

flusterment1895

tither1896

overwroughtness1923

mania1925

stumer1932

tizzy1935

two and eight1938

snit1939

tizz1953

tiswas1960

wahala1966

a1768 Gude Wallace xvii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 268 The gude wife ran but, the gude man ran ben, They pat the house all in a swither.

1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook vi, in Poems (new ed.) 57 I there wi' Something does forgather, That pat me in an eerie swither.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. vii. 143 She's been in a swither about the jocolate this morning, and was like to hae toomed it a' out into the slap-bason.

1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xix. 226 She told me..in what a swither she was in about her papa.

2. A state of perplexity, indecision, or hesitation; doubt, uncertainty.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [noun]

studyinglOE

orrathnessc1175

doubta1225

balance1297

were1303

doubtancec1325

unsickernessc1340

wilsomenessa1400

wonda1400

scriple?a1425

ambiguityc1425

diswerec1440

dubitationc1450

variation?1473

incertainty1483

doubting1486

doubtfulness1526

scrupulousness1526

scruple1548

uncertainty1548

disputation1549

irresolution1592

swithering1597

hesitance1601

incertitude1601

unpersuadedness1612

inassurance1614

hesitancy1617

unsettledness1619

hesitation1622

unsatisfaction1643

unsatisfiedness1646

dubitancy1649

insecurity1649

dispersuasion1653

unassuredness1660

scrupling1665

unconfidencea1670

swither1719

dubietyc1750

mank1808

suspense1816

dubitating1837

doubtingness1840

1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to Arbuckle 3 [He] stands some time in jumbled swither, To ride in this road, or that ither.

1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 93 Doun in the yird thou e'en maun lie, Without a swither.

1838 J. Struthers Poet. Tales 47 Nae swither checked his onward step.

1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxxv. 253 ‘Mean!’ said he, ‘mean ——’ speaking vaguely as one in a swither.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† switheradj.

Etymology: Old English swíþra , comparative of swíþ strong: see swith adv.

Obsolete.

The right (hand, side, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > extremities > hand > [adjective] > right hand

switherc950

right-sided1575

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. v. 29 Oculus tuus dexter, ego ðin suiðre.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 384 Nim eorþan, oferweorp mid þinre swiþran handa under þinum swiþran fet.

a1175 Cott. Hom. 229 Drihten..astah to heofene..& sit an þar swiðeran halfe his faðer.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 776 Breid he mid swiðeren hond a sweord muchel & swide [read swiðe] strong.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

switherv.¹

Brit.

/ˈswɪðə/, U.S.

/ˈswɪðər/, Scottish English

/ˈswɪθər/

Forms: Also 1500s swider, sueidder, swydder, 1500s–1800s swidder.

Etymology: Of uncertain origin. Continuity or connection with the foll. Old English words cannot be assumed with certainty: (ge)-sweðrian, -swiðrian to abate, subside, dwindle, fail; gesweð(e)rian, geswiðrian to cause to fail or disappear, weaken, destroy; swaðrian, swæðorian to subside; geswæðrung failure (of mind).

Scottish and dialect.

intransitive. To be or become uncertain; to falter; to be perplexed or undecided; to hesitate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > doubt, be uncertain [verb (intransitive)]

tweonc897

to be at or in weeningc1275

doubtc1325

dreadc1400

vary1477

swither1535

stay1583

to have or make scruple of1600

demur1612

demurea1616

hesitate1623

Nicodemize1624

scruple1639

scrupulize1642

query1647

to make doubt1709

to have scruples1719

to have weres1768

mislippen1816

dubitate1837

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 56 Quhilk causit mony for to sueit and swidder.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) iii. l. 1780 in Shorter Poems (1967) 110 Than on the wall a garatour I considdir Proclamand lowd that did thayr hartis swiddir [1579 Edinb. swidder].

1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xx. 56 Lat na mans feid..Ȝour hartis mak to swidder.

1730 A. Ramsay Fables xx. viii Our passions gods, that gar us swither.

17.. Johnnie Faa 56 in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Ballads (1857) IV. 285 But the virtue o' a leal woman I trow wad never swither O.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 88 There's nae time to swidder 'bout the thing.

1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd III. viii. iv. 153 A child would not have swithered to step over it.

1881 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 136 Sir William Harcourt was supposed to be swithering under the dictation of certain federated societies which are powerful at Derby.

1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iv. 101 I might have stood there swithering all night, had not the stranger turned.

Derivatives

ˈswithering n. and adj.¹

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [noun]

studyinglOE

orrathnessc1175

doubta1225

balance1297

were1303

doubtancec1325

unsickernessc1340

wilsomenessa1400

wonda1400

scriple?a1425

ambiguityc1425

diswerec1440

dubitationc1450

variation?1473

incertainty1483

doubting1486

doubtfulness1526

scrupulousness1526

scruple1548

uncertainty1548

disputation1549

irresolution1592

swithering1597

hesitance1601

incertitude1601

unpersuadedness1612

inassurance1614

hesitancy1617

unsettledness1619

hesitation1622

unsatisfaction1643

unsatisfiedness1646

dubitancy1649

insecurity1649

dispersuasion1653

unassuredness1660

scrupling1665

unconfidencea1670

swither1719

dubietyc1750

mank1808

suspense1816

dubitating1837

doubtingness1840

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [adjective]

orrathc1175

unsicker?c1225

doubtousc1374

doubtive1393

unsurec1412

uncertained1470

doubtful1509

unassured1528

scriple?a1534

unpersuadeda1535

uncertainc1540

scrupulous1559

unsatisfied1575

unresolved1587

incertaina1616

dubious1632

scrupling1641

hesitant1647

insecure1649

hesitatious1657

uncleara1658

groping1691

doubting1715

dubitative1728

gingerish1764

vague1806

duberous1818

dubitant1821

undecided1828

inconclusive1836

foreheadless1844

titubant1880

convictionless1882

swithering1917

1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 867 Considering, the swidering, [v.r. sueiddring] Ȝe fand me first into.

1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 429/1 I have a swithering, and a leaning, and a hankering and relenting.

1902 N. Munro Children of Tempest iii Without a moment's swithering he gave it [sc. the money] all to the Jesuits.

1917 R. Kipling Holy War in Land & Water Christmas No. 31 The Pope, the swithering Neutrals, The Kaiser and his Gott—..He knew and drew the lot.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

switherv.²

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse sviðra.

Etymology: < Old Norse sviðra to burn, singe: see swithe v. and -er suffix³. Compare swithen v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈswither.

dialect.

1. transitive. = swithe v. 1; also intransitive to burn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)]

forburnc893

burnc1000

swealc1275

combure1599

to go up1716

swither1865

1865 B. Brierley Irkdale I. xv. 239 Let it swither away like matchwood.

1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Swither, to parch, wither up. It's such a swithering day. The plants are quite swithered up.

1886 H. Cunliffe Gloss. Rochdale-with-Rossendale Words & Phrases Swuther, to burst into a flame, as fire which has been smouldering.

2. intransitive. = swithe v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > suffer or cause type of pain [verb (intransitive)] > smart or sting > suffer smarting or stinging

smarta1200

sting1847

swithe1876

swither1876

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Swither, to tingle... ‘A sair swithering an warking’, a sore tingling and aching.

Derivatives

ˈswithering adj.² scorching, parching.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very

wall-hotc1000

walm-hotOE

hot as hellOE

welling?a1200

welling hota1400

aestuant?1440

burning1484

scalding?a1513

broiling1555

roasting1567

walming hot1601

boiling hot1607

baking1656

stewing-hot1711

piping1823

grilling1839

seething1848

white-hot1855

stewing1856

incandescent1859

swithering1895

boiling1930

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > [adjective] > injuriously > scorching

bristling1561

scorching1563

branding1811

searing1818

swithering1895

1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxvi. 196 On that day of swithering heat.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

n.1719

adj.c950

v.¹1535

v.²1865

单词	swither
释义	swithern. Brit. /ˈswɪðə/, U.S. /ˈswɪðər/, Scottish English /ˈswɪθər/ Forms: Also 1700s–1800s swidder (see Eng. Dial. Dict.). Etymology: < swither v.¹ Scottish and dialect. 1. A state of agitation or excitement; a flurry, fluster. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun] fever1340 motiona1398 quotidian?a1439 rufflea1535 commotion1581 fret1582 hurry1600 puddering1603 tumultuousnessa1617 trepidation1625 feverishness1638 boilingc1660 fermentationc1660 tumult1663 ferment1672 stickle1681 fuss1705 whirl1707 flurry1710 sweat1715 fluster1728 pucker1740 flutter1741 flustration1747 flutteration1753 tremor1753 swithera1768 twitteration1775 state1781 stew1806 scrow1808 tumultuating1815 flurrification1822 tew1825 purr1842 pirr1856 tête montée1859 go1866 faff1874 poultry flutter1876 palaver1878 thirl1879 razzle-dazzle1885 nervism1887 flurry-scurry1888 fikiness1889 foment1889 dither1891 swivet1892 flusterment1895 tither1896 overwroughtness1923 mania1925 stumer1932 tizzy1935 two and eight1938 snit1939 tizz1953 tiswas1960 wahala1966 a1768 Gude Wallace xvii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 268 The gude wife ran but, the gude man ran ben, They pat the house all in a swither. 1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook vi, in Poems (new ed.) 57 I there wi' Something does forgather, That pat me in an eerie swither. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. vii. 143 She's been in a swither about the jocolate this morning, and was like to hae toomed it a' out into the slap-bason. 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xix. 226 She told me..in what a swither she was in about her papa. 2. A state of perplexity, indecision, or hesitation; doubt, uncertainty. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [noun] studyinglOE orrathnessc1175 doubta1225 balance1297 were1303 doubtancec1325 unsickernessc1340 wilsomenessa1400 wonda1400 scriple?a1425 ambiguityc1425 diswerec1440 dubitationc1450 variation?1473 incertainty1483 doubting1486 doubtfulness1526 scrupulousness1526 scruple1548 uncertainty1548 disputation1549 irresolution1592 swithering1597 hesitance1601 incertitude1601 unpersuadedness1612 inassurance1614 hesitancy1617 unsettledness1619 hesitation1622 unsatisfaction1643 unsatisfiedness1646 dubitancy1649 insecurity1649 dispersuasion1653 unassuredness1660 scrupling1665 unconfidencea1670 swither1719 dubietyc1750 mank1808 suspense1816 dubitating1837 doubtingness1840 1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to Arbuckle 3 [He] stands some time in jumbled swither, To ride in this road, or that ither. 1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 93 Doun in the yird thou e'en maun lie, Without a swither. 1838 J. Struthers Poet. Tales 47 Nae swither checked his onward step. 1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxxv. 253 ‘Mean!’ said he, ‘mean ——’ speaking vaguely as one in a swither. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † switheradj. Etymology: Old English swíþra , comparative of swíþ strong: see swith adv. Obsolete. The right (hand, side, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > extremities > hand > [adjective] > right hand switherc950 right-sided1575 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. v. 29 Oculus tuus dexter, ego ðin suiðre. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 384 Nim eorþan, oferweorp mid þinre swiþran handa under þinum swiþran fet. a1175 Cott. Hom. 229 Drihten..astah to heofene..& sit an þar swiðeran halfe his faðer. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 776 Breid he mid swiðeren hond a sweord muchel & swide [read swiðe] strong. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2021). switherv.¹ Brit. /ˈswɪðə/, U.S. /ˈswɪðər/, Scottish English /ˈswɪθər/ Forms: Also 1500s swider, sueidder, swydder, 1500s–1800s swidder. Etymology: Of uncertain origin. Continuity or connection with the foll. Old English words cannot be assumed with certainty: (ge)-sweðrian, -swiðrian to abate, subside, dwindle, fail; gesweð(e)rian, geswiðrian to cause to fail or disappear, weaken, destroy; swaðrian, swæðorian to subside; geswæðrung failure (of mind). Scottish and dialect. intransitive. To be or become uncertain; to falter; to be perplexed or undecided; to hesitate. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > doubt, be uncertain [verb (intransitive)] tweonc897 to be at or in weeningc1275 doubtc1325 dreadc1400 vary1477 swither1535 stay1583 to have or make scruple of1600 demur1612 demurea1616 hesitate1623 Nicodemize1624 scruple1639 scrupulize1642 query1647 to make doubt1709 to have scruples1719 to have weres1768 mislippen1816 dubitate1837 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 56 Quhilk causit mony for to sueit and swidder. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) iii. l. 1780 in Shorter Poems (1967) 110 Than on the wall a garatour I considdir Proclamand lowd that did thayr hartis swiddir [1579 Edinb. swidder]. 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xx. 56 Lat na mans feid..Ȝour hartis mak to swidder. 1730 A. Ramsay Fables xx. viii Our passions gods, that gar us swither. 17.. Johnnie Faa 56 in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Ballads (1857) IV. 285 But the virtue o' a leal woman I trow wad never swither O. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess ii. 88 There's nae time to swidder 'bout the thing. 1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd III. viii. iv. 153 A child would not have swithered to step over it. 1881 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 136 Sir William Harcourt was supposed to be swithering under the dictation of certain federated societies which are powerful at Derby. 1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iv. 101 I might have stood there swithering all night, had not the stranger turned. Derivatives ˈswithering n. and adj.¹ ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [noun] studyinglOE orrathnessc1175 doubta1225 balance1297 were1303 doubtancec1325 unsickernessc1340 wilsomenessa1400 wonda1400 scriple?a1425 ambiguityc1425 diswerec1440 dubitationc1450 variation?1473 incertainty1483 doubting1486 doubtfulness1526 scrupulousness1526 scruple1548 uncertainty1548 disputation1549 irresolution1592 swithering1597 hesitance1601 incertitude1601 unpersuadedness1612 inassurance1614 hesitancy1617 unsettledness1619 hesitation1622 unsatisfaction1643 unsatisfiedness1646 dubitancy1649 insecurity1649 dispersuasion1653 unassuredness1660 scrupling1665 unconfidencea1670 swither1719 dubietyc1750 mank1808 suspense1816 dubitating1837 doubtingness1840 the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > [adjective] orrathc1175 unsicker?c1225 doubtousc1374 doubtive1393 unsurec1412 uncertained1470 doubtful1509 unassured1528 scriple?a1534 unpersuadeda1535 uncertainc1540 scrupulous1559 unsatisfied1575 unresolved1587 incertaina1616 dubious1632 scrupling1641 hesitant1647 insecure1649 hesitatious1657 uncleara1658 groping1691 doubting1715 dubitative1728 gingerish1764 vague1806 duberous1818 dubitant1821 undecided1828 inconclusive1836 foreheadless1844 titubant1880 convictionless1882 swithering1917 1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 867 Considering, the swidering, [v.r. sueiddring] Ȝe fand me first into. 1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 429/1 I have a swithering, and a leaning, and a hankering and relenting. 1902 N. Munro Children of Tempest iii Without a moment's swithering he gave it [sc. the money] all to the Jesuits. 1917 R. Kipling Holy War in Land & Water Christmas No. 31 The Pope, the swithering Neutrals, The Kaiser and his Gott—..He knew and drew the lot. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2022). switherv.² Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse sviðra. Etymology: < Old Norse sviðra to burn, singe: see swithe v. and -er suffix³. Compare swithen v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈswither. dialect. 1. transitive. = swithe v. 1; also intransitive to burn. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] forburnc893 burnc1000 swealc1275 combure1599 to go up1716 swither1865 1865 B. Brierley Irkdale I. xv. 239 Let it swither away like matchwood. 1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Swither, to parch, wither up. It's such a swithering day. The plants are quite swithered up. 1886 H. Cunliffe Gloss. Rochdale-with-Rossendale Words & Phrases Swuther, to burst into a flame, as fire which has been smouldering. 2. intransitive. = swithe v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > suffer or cause type of pain [verb (intransitive)] > smart or sting > suffer smarting or stinging smarta1200 sting1847 swithe1876 swither1876 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Swither, to tingle... ‘A sair swithering an warking’, a sore tingling and aching. Derivatives ˈswithering adj.² scorching, parching. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [adjective] > having or communicating much heat > very wall-hotc1000 walm-hotOE hot as hellOE welling?a1200 welling hota1400 aestuant?1440 burning1484 scalding?a1513 broiling1555 roasting1567 walming hot1601 boiling hot1607 baking1656 stewing-hot1711 piping1823 grilling1839 seething1848 white-hot1855 stewing1856 incandescent1859 swithering1895 boiling1930 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > [adjective] > injuriously > scorching bristling1561 scorching1563 branding1811 searing1818 swithering1895 1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags xxvi. 196 On that day of swithering heat. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2020). < n.1719adj.c950v.¹1535v.²1865
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swithern.

† switheradj.

switherv.1

Derivatives

switherv.2

Derivatives

switherv.¹

switherv.²