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单词 supernal
释义

supernaladj.n.

Brit. /suːˈpəːnl/, /sjuːˈpəːnl/, /sᵿˈpəːnl/, /sjᵿˈpəːnl/, U.S. /səˈpərnəl/
Forms: Middle English–1600s supernall, late Middle English– supernal, 1500s supernalle; also Scottish pre-1700 supernale.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French supernal; Latin supernalis.
Etymology: < (i) Middle French supernal, supernel (French supernel ) highest, superior, supreme (12th cent. in Old French), sublime, celestial (a1389), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin supernalis (from 13th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin supernus supern adj. + -ālis -al suffix1. Compare Old Occitan supernal (1420), Spanish supernal (15th cent.), Portuguese supernal (15th cent.), Italian supernale (14th cent.). Compare infernal adj. and supern adj.With sense A. 2 perhaps compare supernatural adj.
A. adj.
1.
a. Situated in or belonging to heaven; divine. Opposed to infernal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [adjective]
heavenisheOE
heavenlyOE
heavenlyOE
celestienc1330
celestialc1384
celestly1400
supernc1429
supernal1447
ethereala1522
celesticala1533
supermundal?1577
paradised1594
etherean1600
Uranian1600
superlunary1614
unearthlya1616
supermundane1623
superterrestrial1635
supralunary1635
pantheana1641
supramundane1662
ethereous1667
supermundial1678
superlunar1742
superterrene1755
unworldly1765
supraterrestrial1836
supralunar1851
other world1882
other-worldish1894
1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 4341 (MED) Dyuynyte wych þat is inmortal Hath in veyn stonys noon habytacyoun..But in heuene in þe regne supernal.
?c1500 Conversion of St. Paul (Digby) l. 422 The hye god supernall.
1573 G. Gascoigne & F. Kinwelmersh Iocasta i. i, in G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres sig. Kivv Desirous still to searche The hidden secrets of supernall powers.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 112 That supernal Iudge that stirs good thoughts. View more context for this quotation
1634 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. Hist. New Test. (STC 12640.5) 222 Many degrees there are of celestiall happinesse... Those supernall mansions are not all of an height.
1649 J. Ogilby tr. Virgil Georgics (1684) iv. 125 (note) To the Infernal Deities they offer'd Black Beasts, to the Celestial, White; Because (saith Arnobius..) to Supernal Gods,..the more joyful Colour is acceptable.
1710 W. King Hist. Acct. Heathen Gods & Heroes lxv. 135 She [sc. Styx] was a very Ancient Goddess, who had a magnificent Palace, far from the supernal Regions.
1788 J. Hurdis Village Curate 126 Thyself perchance was some supernal spirit, Permitted to reside on earth awhile.
1840 K. H. Digby Mores Catholici (1847) III. x. Epil. 809/1 May the King of Angels lead us to the society of the supernal citizens.
1866 J. M. Neale Sequences & Hymns 71 Laud to Him, to Whom Supernal Thrones and Virtues bend the knee.
1908 Athenæum 30 May 662/2 The supernal gods, representing the growing powers of law and order.
1963 J. Killinger Failure Theol. in Mod. Lit. i. 20 At last, the intensity of the supernal realm mounting over his consciousness, he is able to behold the full beauty of Beatrice.
2004 J. Turner Spice (2005) vi. 234 Zeus sits perfumed in a fragrant cloud on Olympus, where his fellow gods feast on ineffably fragrant substances called ambrosia and nectar. The latter is some form of supernal beverage.
b. Of, in, or belonging to the sky or upper regions; celestial. literary and poetic in later use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [adjective]
heavenisheOE
heavenlyOE
celestialc1400
celestinec1430
supernal?1504
celical1521
elemental1527
ethereal1530
celest1535
impyre1554
skyey1587
vaultedc1590
firmamental1600
empyreal1605
superior1632
firmamentary1633
ethereous1667
skied1789
?1504 S. Hawes Example of Vertu sig. aa.iiiiv With Saturne and Mercury that wer supernall.
1517 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) 3 Of the hye influences of the supernall bodyes.
1603 S. Daniel To Lady Anne Clifford in Panegyrike sig. E5v Like to those supernall bodies set Within their Orbs.
1652 J. Skeffington tr. B. Gracián y Morales Heroe of Lorenzo xv. 118 A supernall alliance in the stars.
1727 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Many Memorable Things II. x. 333 Archimedes..made an Heaven of Brass, representing the Planets, and all the Movements of the natural Clock-work of the supernal Orbs.
1783 W. Mason tr. C. A. Dufresnoy Art of Painting 2 High o'er the stars you take your soaring flight, And rove the regions of supernal light.
1867 H. W. Longfellow tr. Dante Divine Comedy III. xxiii. 151 Above the myriads of lamps, A Sun that one and all of them enkindled, E'en as our own doth the supernal sights.
1899 Times 10 Jan. 10/3 Such supernal regions as are traversed by M. Andrée's balloon.
1921 B. Deutsch & A. Yarmolinsky tr. A. Marienhof in Mod. Russ. Poetry 177 The supernal sky, like a stocking With a hole in its heel.
1997 M. Bidney Patterns of Epiphany i. i. 34 An implied communication between a shining center-image and a supernal myriad-lighted sphery vault.
c. Situated above or at the top, upper; high up, lofty. Also: above ground. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > high position > [adjective]
highOE
high-seta1382
sovereigna1425
airy1565
sublime?1567
haughty1570
supernal1599
aerial1608
upward1622
high-top1653
superincumbent1659
supern1703
highish1778
high-up1831
high-level1842
altitudinous1868
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 132/2 Adde..a qv. of an ownce of redd Roses of the supernalle summityes therof.
1751 Hebrew Lexicon (ed. 2) To Rdr. 8, in G. Sharpe Two Diss. The use of the supernal figures is to direct to any word in the Lexicon, from the Index or Table of words answering to or derived from the Hebrew.
1767 G. Sharpe Greek Tongue ii. 16 When a vowel is rejected on account of another vowel, the absence is expressed by a supernal comma.
1806 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. I. 106 The great similarity which prevails in the architecture, supernal and subterraneous.
1816 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall ii. 18 Picking off the supernal fragments of an egg he had just cracked.
1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust II. i. i. 7 The mountain summits, grand, supernal.
1996 Kenyon Rev. Summer 97 It was the clarity of vision at these supernal heights that lifted him like a pocket's lining out of himself.
2. Of, belonging to, or relating to a realm or state beyond the earthly world; otherworldly, supernatural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [adjective] > of a heavenly nature
heavenlyOE
divinec1374
celestc1420
celestinec1430
supernal1483
celestial1484
celical1521
heavenlike1542
paradisiacal1660
celic1663
celestiousa1691
celestical1695
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccciii/1 He had mekenes in conuersacion, supernal doctryne in predicacion.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxx. sig. l.i The lockes and the barres..Fell downe..by power supernall.
1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 212 The three-fold plenitude of his [sc. the pope's] supernall, terrestriall, and infernall power.
c1610–15 Life St. Etheldred in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 70 The supernall pietie of god.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 573 God..Thither will send his winged Messengers On errands of supernal Grace. View more context for this quotation
a1706 J. Evelyn Life Mrs. Godolphin (1939) 109 To possess those divine & Supernal Pleasurs of doing Good.
1796 S. T. Coleridge Relig. Musings in Poems Var. Subj. 146 By supernal grace Enrob'd with Light, and naturaliz'd in Heaven.
1850 W. Irving Mahomet (1853) xxxviii. 189 He had made choice of supernal existence.
1898 Monist 9 117 The forms of all things are preserved in a universal and supernal existence which knoweth not of origin or dissolution.
1903 F. W. H. Myers Human Personality I. 5 Supposed communications with a supernal world.
1948 L. Spitzer Linguistics & Lit. Hist. i. 24 The philologian will then continue..filling his little cards with dates and examples, in the hope that supernal light will shine over them and bring out the clear lines of truth.
2005 Threepenny Rev. 101 21 Barrie's almost supernal ability to get into the heads of children.
3. In extended use: of or relating to a person of high rank or office; elevated, exalted.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > [adjective]
higheOE
drightlikeOE
highlyOE
drightfula1225
prouda1275
principalc1385
solemna1387
gentlec1390
high and mighty1400
imperial?c1400
royalc1405
kinglyc1425
sublimatec1425
lordfulc1429
lordlyc1440
assumpt1447
raiseda1450
haught1470
kinglikec1485
lordlike1488
triumphant1494
greatlya1500
princely?a1510
supereminent1531
princelike1532
lofta1547
lofty1548
regal1561
supernal1562
haughty1563
excelse1569
queen-like?1571
majestical1578
erecteda1586
augustious1591
ennobled1592
imperious1592
enthronized1593
august1594
high-born1598
sublimed1602
jovial1604
majestic1606
enthroned1609
starred1615
exalted1623
majestuous1633
reared1638
sublimary1655
majestative1656
kingrik1663
superb1663
grand1673
celse1708
stilted1744
canonized1790
queenly1791
apotheosized1794
princified1857
1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes sig. B.i He hathe put downe the mightye ones. From their supernall seate.
c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems in Times' Whistle (1871) 125 Then downe she [sc. Fortune] thrustes from their supernall seat Princes & kings.
1845 T. Carlyle in O. Cromwell Lett. & Speeches I. 402 Dread Phantoms, glaring supernal on you.
1851 J. Sortain Hildebrand & Excommunicated Emperor (ed. 2) i. iii. 28 His attire—which, usually, was most splendid and befitting his supernal rank, as an earthly monarch—was soiled, disordered.
1917 Times 14 Dec. 9/6 As the Idea Nazionale puts it, ‘the successor of Urban II is silent in his supernal sphere’.
2010 Canwest News Service (Nexis) 19 Sept. There's an image on one side extraordinarily similar to what the Sun King would have seen: Superior, supercilious, supernal. On the other, there's an obsequious wimp.
4. In weakened sense: supreme, outstanding, excellent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > surpassing excellence > [adjective]
sunderlyOE
noblec1330
precellentc1384
passantc1385
especialc1386
passinga1387
surmountingc1407
superlative?a1430
precelling?1435
pre-eminenta1460
outrepassed1477
divine1488
pre-excellenta1500
superexcellent1508
transcending1528
pre-ordinate1543
exceeding1552
superexcelling1554
exquisite1578
surpassingc1580
summary1587
paragon1593
transcendent1598
overmatchful1609
termless1609
overtoppinga1615
paramounta1626
overtowering1639
surpassant1654
transcendental1701
superior1711
towery1731
prize1739
supernala1817
tiptopsome1819
tip-topping1826
par excellence1839
superfine1850
towering1894
a1817 T. Dwight Theol. (1818) I. ix. 153 Leaves and blossoms of supernal beauty.
1899 E. Markham Man with Hoe 123 I know, Supernal Woman, Thou dost seek No song of man.
1907 Westm. Gaz. 19 July 2/1 A lordly and supernal cake.
1989 E. W. Said in Nation 25 Dec. 802/3 His almost mystical interpretive genius and his supernal virtuosity.
1998 Los Angeles Mag. Aug. 74/2 Restaurants like Empress Pavilion, whose supernal steamed Dungeness crab is almost swollen with the taste of fresh chopped garlic.
B. n.
A heavenly, celestial, or divine being. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun]
godeOE
deityc1374
higher powerc1384
princec1384
divinityc1386
governorc1400
powerc1425
numen1495
fear1535
heaven1554
godheada1586
godhood1586
landlorda1635
supreme1643
supercelestial1652
supernal1661
universality1681
father1820
unspeakable1843
Molimo1861
Mlimo1897
superperson1907
somebody up there1972
sky fairy1997
1661 J. Boys Æneas his Descent 68 Virgil describeth most exactly the manner of sacrificing to the infernall Gods, which was as different as Hell from Heaven from that of the supernals.
1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 202 Every grove had its deity, or supernal who delighted in it.
1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 232 St. Nicholas is their third grand supernal.
1819 Times 23 Aug. 3/3 The astonished Supernals who are celebrated as having been on a time hurled from the mansions of bliss.
1861 I. Taylor Spirit Hebr. Poetry 340 If among the supernals [of Milton] the true sublime is attained, it is in hell, not in heaven.
1912 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 23 398 We must know God and all supernals rightly to know ourselves.

Derivatives

ˌsuperˈnality n. rare the quality of being supernal; a supernal being or thing.In quot. 1599 as a humorous title.
ΚΠ
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 47 Whereof their supernalities..seemed to be something sorie.
1914 J. H. Woods in tr. Yoga-system of Patañjali 269 (footnote) Bālarāma says that the supernality consists in a kind of hyperaesthetic perception of minute sounds.
1936 E. Fitzgerald tr. F. Mehring K. Marx ii. 65 It becomes the task of history to establish the truth of contemporary reality after the supernality of truth has disappeared.
a1991 L. Jackson & S. B. Jackson Rational Meaning (1997) xviii. 370 Truth..conceived of not only as an ideal achievement..but a supernality better imaginable as existing as a divine thing-in-itself in metalinguistic heavens of abstraction.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1447
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