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单词 supposed
释义

supposedadj.adv.n.

Brit. /səˈpəʊzd/, U.S. /səˈpoʊzd/
Forms: see suppose v. and -ed suffix1.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: suppose v., -ed suffix1.
Etymology: < suppose v. + -ed suffix1. With sense A. 2 compare Middle French, French supposé, adjective (of a person) taken for another (1538).
A. adj. (and adv.)
1.
a. Believed or thought to exist, or to be what the noun or noun phrase modified denotes, but without conclusive evidence and perhaps mistakenly; assumed to be true or genuine. When modifying an attributive adjective also as adv.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > supposition, surmise > [adjective] > supposed, surmised
repute1442
supposed1474
surmised1530
suppositive1605
suppositious1642
supposable1645
supposite1655
deemed1667
1474–5 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1472 3rd Roll §27. m. 23 Your said besecher..may frely entre..into all the..possessions..which the said John your besecher had, the tyme of the treason or felonye supposed.
1485–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1485 1st Roll §53. m. 37 And..caused theym, and othre supposed tenauntes named in the seid writte, to vouche by covyne to warrant oone John Smyth.
a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 107 (MED) Good Charles liked by mervelous and not supposid prowesse to restablish the said realme vnto his furst estate.
1532 R. Whitford Pype or Tonne f. 203r His carnal parentys: mary his blessed & naturall mother & Joseph his supposed father.
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. i. 2 b This supposed Presbiter Ioan.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. D3v The sight which makes supposed terror trew.
1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (vii. 195) ii. 188 When a supposed able man..faileth in his estate.
1681 J. Flavell Method of Grace xxviii. 491 Hezekiah upon his supposed death-bed.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxiii. 136 The supposed, but unknown support of those Qualities we find existing.
1726 J. Barker Lining of Patch-work Screen 61 In some time they were married together, and lived happy enough, till the suppos'd dead Husband return'd.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxix. 111 Arcadius was easily persuaded to resent the supposed insult.
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. x. 193 Say, that in a moment of infatuation, moved by supposed beauty,..I gave my hand to this Amy Robsart.
1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty i. 12 Those..classes..to whose real or supposed interests democracy is adverse.
1880 Sat. Rev. 5 June 731/2 One cannot help suspecting that the supposed happy ending has been put in merely as a sop to the devourers of fiction.
1905 R. Bagot Passport vii. 66 The wines were execrable..and the man who poured them out told us their supposed dates.
1955 M. H. Pope El in Ugaritic Texts viii. 96 This supposed differentiation between the supernal and infernal abodes of El, if it is valid, might serve as a guide to the order and sequence of some of the mythological texts.
1991 J. Scodel Eng. Poetic Epit. ii. v. 149 One epigram writer of the period, Sir Thomas Wroth, depicts a supposed honest man as a religious hypocrite.
2010 N.Y. Times Mag. 1 Aug. 24/1 Much time is spent debunking the supposed benefits of dieting and the dangers of obesity.
b. Known to exist, or to be what the noun modified denotes, or to be true or genuine; admitted. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > [adjective] > considered true
believed1534
supposed1643
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §21 Curiosities..discussed by men of most supposed ability. View more context for this quotation
1823 W. Scott Peveril I. xii. 140 She had..great confidence..that his daughter's continued health could only be ensured by her continuing under the charge of one who had acquired Lady Peveril's supposed skill in treating those subject to such ailments.
2.
a. Feigned, pretended, counterfeit; fictitious. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [adjective]
fainta1340
counterfeit1393
pretense1395
feinta1400
feigned1413
disguisyc1430
colourable1433
pretending1434
simulate1435
dissimuled1475
simulative1490
coloureda1500
dissimulate?a1500
simuled1526
colorate1528
dissembled1539
mock1548
devised1552
pretended?1553
artificial1564
supposed1566
counterfeited1569
supposing?1574
affecteda1586
pretensive1607
false1609
supposite1611
simulara1616
simulatory1618
simulated1622
put-ona1625
ironic1631
ironical1646
devisable1659
pretensional1659
pretenced1660
pretensory1663
vizarded1663
shammed?c1677
sham1681
faux1684
fictitious1739
ostensible1762
made-up1773
mala fide1808
assumed1813
semblative1814
fictioned1820
pretextual1837
pseudo1854
fictive1855
schlenter1881
faked1890
phoney1893
phantom1897
1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. xxiii. f. 48 It is no pure and naturall affection, but rather a supposed and Ciuile loue.
1592 R. Greene Thirde Pt. Conny-catching sig. F2 He cuts the ring from the purse, and by his supposed man (rounding him in the eare) sends it to the plot-layer of this knauerie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. iv. 61 Let the supposed Fairies pinch him. View more context for this quotation
a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) i. 11 The onely true God,..no supposed, false, subintroducted God or Gods.
1667 Bp. J. Taylor 2nd Pt. Dissuasive from Popery i. iii. 109 The traditions..were..Apocryphal, forg'd and suppos'd.
1797 J. Wentworth Compl. Syst. Pleading IV. 408 In which said scandalous and defamatory libel are contained, among other things, by way of feigned and supposed conversation or dialogue, divers wicked, scandalous, malicious, and defamatory matters.
b. Fraudulently substituted, supposititious. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > [adjective] > fraudulently substituted > of a child
supposititious1625
supposed1652
1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox i. 11 Not well pleased to see that a supposed child should reap, before the season, that which she..desired to preserve in their owne family.
1761 Universal Mag. Feb. 82/2 Very many did not think this son, with which God had blessed him, to be his, but a supposed child.
1787 C. Smith Romance Real Life I. 175 To name a guardian for the supposed child.
3. Assumed as a basis for reasoning.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > supposition, surmise > taking for granted, presumption > [adjective]
presumptivec1443
presumed1545
presupposed1569
foretakena1586
supposed1587
postulated1646
receptary1646
postulate1664
posited1666
assumed1821
1587 R. Greene Euphues sig. K2 How soeuer you conclude your supposed Syllogisme vpon inheritance, wee meane to deny your argument by the proofe of my fathers Testament.
1773 E. Bentham Introd. Logick v. 89 Arguments ad hominem, proceeding from our Adversary's supposed principles different from our own..are of all others least to be esteemed.
1852 H. L. Mansel in H. Aldrich Artis Logicae Rudimenta (ed. 2) 92 (note) Aldrich considers the Example as..a Syllogism in Barbara with the minor premise suppressed. The supposed minor, according to this view, will be, ‘Caesar and Pompey are Sylla and Marius.’
1879 Mind 4 42 What probably gives rise to the opinion that there must be inference here is the conviction that the supposed premisses and conclusion are not the same thing exactly, whence it seems to follow that one must be inferred from the other.
1949 Mind 58 19 In each of these pairs of expressions the supposed conclusion is not significant, while the supposed premiss is.
1980 J. Lear Aristotle & Logical Theory (1985) iii. 44 Aristotle..is concerned with the most common example of argument with an explicitly supposed premiss—as opposed to one with premisses which could be supposed or asserted indifferently.
2010 R. Andrews Argumentation in Higher Educ. vii. 128 Some training in reading against the grain of a supposed argument would help alleviate the problem and produce sounder and rhetorically more polished arguments.
4. Placed or positioned below something; underlying. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > [adjective] > hidden
dighela1000
dernc1000
wriena1250
privyc1300
unshewedc1386
wrapped1398
quatc1425
tectc1440
blinda1522
coucheda1522
dark1532
lurkingc1540
velated1542
hiddena1547
inclusive1554
concealed1558
secret1559
occult1567
disguised1594
occulted1598
derned1600
shrouded1600
latent1605
abstrused1608
supposed1608
unshown1614
enshielda1616
retruse1623
dissembled1631
researched1636
recondite1649
delitescent1653
larved1654
tected1657
bedilt1660
bosomed1667
inhidden1674
underground1677
abditive1727
secreted1756
unextruded1808
unprotruded1812
undisplayed1822
larvated1832
dissimulated1838
latescent1852
squat1956
the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under
underlaida1100
subjected?a1425
suppositivec1475
subject?1541
subjacent1598
subterjacent1598
underlying1611
subjunct1639
supposite1640
suppedaneous1646
subordinate1648
subdititious1657
substrated1663
succumbent1664
subtended1670
substrate1678
subadjacent1722
supposed1766
subtending1777
substrative1823
underset1845
infraposed1854
substant1883
underneath1894
underlappingc1900
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 114 The Chamælion..doth not change his owne colour into a supposed colour, but when it is oppressed with feare or griefe.
1766 J. Gwin in Rep. Late John Smeaton (1812) I. 184 This top crust, or supposed stratum of rock or hard cemented gravel, consists equally alike in all different places of trial by boring.
1864 H. Spencer Illustr. Progress viii. 359 During 10,000 years, each species will ebb away from certain regions it was inhabiting; and during the succeeding 10,000 years will flow back into those regions. From the strata there forming, its remains will disappear; they will be absent from some of the supposed strata; and will be found in strata higher up.
5. Music (now historical). (a) Designating or relating to the lowest note of an inversion of a chord ( supposed bass); (b) designating or relating to a note added below the notes of a chord of the seventh to create the bass of chords of the ninth, eleventh and thirteenth ( supposed basses), or the resulting chords ( supposed chords); (c) designating or relating to a discord introduced as a passing note (obsolete). Cf. supposition n. 6.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > chord > [adjective] > arrangement of notes
supposed1730
inverted1737
primitive1786
direct1864
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > movement of parts > passing note
transient1721
unreal1838
supposed1845
1730 Short Treat. Harmony i. 7 By making use of the Fundamental and of the supposed Basses as Occasion requires, We are enabled to make the Parts move the more by Degrees.
1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music (1853) I. i. iv. 20/1 With great ingenuity..did Euclid invent the famous division the Sectio Canonis, by means whereof not only the positions of the several sounds on a supposed chord are precisely ascertained, but [etc.].
1797 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 83/2 Concords by supposition are those where the continued bass adds or supposes a new sound below the fundamental bass... Of these..there are three sorts,..the first, when the added sound is a third below... The second..when the supposed sound is a fifth below. [Etc.]
1812 Monthly Mag. Feb. 13/2 Put x, for the number of vibrations made in a given time by the lowest or fundamental note of a supposed chord of the thirteenth, the whole chord will then stand [etc.].
1845 Encycl. Metrop. V. 734 Every bass note which has a sixth upon it is a supposed bass.
1845 Encycl. Metrop. V. 735 The supposed harmony of the third of the key is..borrowed from the fundamental harmony of the key note.
1845 Encycl. Metrop. V. 755 The supposed discord is on the second accented part of the bar.
1984 Jrnl. Music Theory 82 82 Such dominant harmonies..are perfectly acceptable with an added seventh above this supposed bass note.
1993 T. S. Christensen Rameau & Musical Thought in Enlightenment (2004) iii. 54 We can see that with but a few licenses related to chromatic alterations, omitted notes, and ‘supposed’ basses, there are just four basic chord types involved and hence just four fundamental basses.
2002 J. Lester in T. S. Christensen Cambr. Hist. Western Mus. Theory iii. d xxiv. 764 Supposed chords became a highly contentious point in controversies involving Rameauian theory later in the eighteenth century.
B. n.
1. A thing believed or imagined to exist or be true or genuine, or to be of a particular description; (with the also) that which is believed or imagined to exist, etc.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. iv. 97 You must lay downe the treasures of your body, To this supposed . View more context for this quotation
1803 Ann. Rev. 1 i. 82/2 A sufficient discrimination has not always been made in this respect, and that the supposed, has been occasionally substituted for the real.
1811 in W. Cooke Thames I. The Saxon word Temeye, from whence the name of the river is derived, evidently proves that the supposed is a modern notion.
1866 ‘O. Optic’ Way of World (1867) xxvi. 335 Dr. Lynch wrote his confession. It contained the substance of his answers to Dick's questions; the supposed had become the actual.
1883 F. H. Bradley Princ. Logic i. ii. 86 The supposed is treated as if it were real, in order to see how the real behaves when qualified thus in a certain manner.
1915 Q. Jrnl. Univ. N. Dakota Apr. 233 In this instance the supposed is tested by the ideal, for pure mathematics, the exact science, exists only in the ideal and does not change.
2001 T. Carhart Piano Shop on Left Bank (2002) xxi. 226 There was a strange moment as I lay there on the floor under my piano..when my senses were flooded with the exotic, the unknown, the supposed.
2. With the. A thing assumed as a basis for reasoning.
ΚΠ
1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. vi. 20 A Syllogism is a Speech in which something being suppos'd, something different from that suppos'd, by Reason of the Suppos'd, does of Necessity follow.
1917 Northwestern Reporter 162 764/1 The supposed is an extreme case.
a1969 C. Truesdell in A. M. Vinogradov Symmetries Partial Differential Equations (1989) i. 118 The supposed is rarely separated from what is to be proved.
2011 X. Xu & X. Wang in R. Chen Intelligent Computing & Information Sci. I. 329 In order to show problem simplicity for single input and single output system, the supposed can be put as equation (2)(3)(4).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.adv.n.1474
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