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单词 struck
释义

struckn.

Brit. /strʌk/, U.S. /strək/
Etymology: Substantive use of struck adj. I.
A bacterial disease of sheep causing sudden convulsive death after few symptoms; originally more loosely in dialect use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of sheep > [noun] > other disorders of sheep
pocka1325
soughta1400
pox1530
mad1573
winter rot1577
snuffa1585
leaf1587
leaf-sickness1614
redwater1614
mentigo1706
tag1736
white water1743
hog pox1749
rickets1755
side-ill1776
resp1789
sheep-fag1789
thorter-ill1791
vanquish1792
smallpox1793
shell-sicknessc1794
sickness1794
grass-ill1795
rub1800
pine1804
pining1804
sheep-pock1804
stinking ill1807
water sickness1807
core1818
wryneck1819
tag-belt1826
tag-sore1828
kibe1830
agalaxia1894
agalactia1897
lupinosis1899
trembling1902
struck1903
black disease1906
scrapie1910
renguerra1917
pulpy kidney1927
dopiness1932
blowfly strike1933
body strike1934
sleepy sickness1937
swayback1938
twin lamb disease1945
tick pyaemia1946
fly-strike1950
maedi1952
nematodiriasis1957
visna1957
maedi-visna1972
visna-maedi1972
1784 Ann. Agric. 2 65 (E.D.D.) [On theWeald of Kent] They have a distemper [in sheep] which they call struck with the blood.]
1903 Jrnl. S.-E. Agric. College xii. 86 First and most prominent is the disease commonly known as ‘struck’, or ‘struck in the blood’. These terms appear to be somewhat loosely applied to any cases of sudden death in sheep... There is, however, especially in the marsh lands of Kent,..a disease in which few symptoms of a definite character are ever seen, owing to the rapid approach of death, and to which the term ‘struck’ is intended to be applied.
1904 Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 827/1 Ken[t]. A sheep which dies suddenly of a disease akin to apoplexy is said to die ‘struck’.]
1929 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. & Therapeutics 43 1 The term ‘struck’ is applied by the farming community [of Romney Marsh] to a rapid and fatal disease where post-mortem examination reveals an acute inflammatory condition in one or more of the following parts of the body: areas of muscular tissue, organs in the abdominal cavity, and organs in the thoracic cavity.
1966 T. Dalling Internat. Encycl. Vet. Med. I. 640 The classical type [of Clostridium perfringens Type C] was shown to be the cause of ‘Struck’ (Romney Marsh disease).
1972 TV Vet Sheep Bk. lxii. 169/1 All the clostridial diseases—enterotoxaemia, pulpy kidney, lamb dysentery, struck (blackleg),..can and should be prevented by vaccinating the ewe flock.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

struckadj.

Brit. /strʌk/, U.S. /strək/
Etymology: past participle of strike v.
I. As past participle in special use.
1. = stricken adj., strucken adj. struck in years = stricken in years at stricken adj. 1.
ΚΠ
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. i. 92 His noble Queene Well stroke in yeres. View more context for this quotation
1629 F. Quarles Argalus & Parthenia iii. 124 An old gray pilgrime, deeply strucke in yeares.
1787 Minor iv. ii. 206 A person struck in years, and of a noble deportment, approached.
II. In adjectival use (chiefly attributive).
2.
a. Subjected to a blow or stroke.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > [adjective] > subjected to a stroke or blow
smittena1325
stricken1538
attainted1558
knocked?1562
strucken1596
attained1598
struck1627
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > [adjective] > strummed or struck
struck1627
stricken1873
strummed1881
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > [adjective] > played with hand
stricken1538
strucken1596
struck1627
1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) iv. F 5 Make the strooke earth to deluge peruious.
1693 J. O. tr. A. Cowley Hist. Plants i, in A. Cowley Wks. (1721) III. 272 As soon as Musick from struck Strings rebounds.
1821 J. Baillie Lady G. Baillie in Metrical Legends xvii Then from the struck flint flew the spark.
1851 W. Pole in E. F. Rimbault Pianoforte (1860) 185 The elasticity of the struck wire would send it [sc. the hammer] down with such force that it rebounded.
1875 A. J. Ellis tr. H. L. F. von Helmholtz On Sensations of Tone i. v. 108 The differences in the quality of tone of struck strings.
b. Wounded: = stricken adj. 2. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [adjective] > wounded
unsoundc1330
wounded1382
bruiseda1400
offended1440
sauciate1509
breached1547
vulnerated1598
interwounding1599
sauciated1657
struck1809
traumatized1935
1809 Ld. Byron Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 841 So the struck eagle..View'd his own feather on the fatal dart.
1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci i. ii. 9 Your image, as the hunter some struck deer, Follows me.
3. Of a battle: = stricken adj. 7. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [adjective] > types of armed encounter
openeOE
set battle1487
unbloody1544
pight1562
pitched1569
round1601
steadfast1623
strucka1625
running1651
stationary1737
stricken field1820
close quarters1871
a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ffff4v/1 Ten struck Battels I suckt these honour'd scars from.
4. Marked, grooved.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > marking > [adjective] > with lines
lineatea1643
struck1678
lined1776
scored1793
liny1817
the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [adjective] > of or relating to a groove > grooved
channelled?a1425
guttered1562
chamfered1565
channelured1578
fluted1611
furrowy1611
furrowed1615
striated1646
striate1678
struck1678
cannulated1696
canaliculated1751
grooved1793
goffered1860
cannelured1872
runnelled1876
rilled1899
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 47 Those wheels that have more than one Groove in them are called Two, Three, &c. Struck-wheels.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. v. 83 You must not Saw just upon the struck line.
5.
a. Of a jury: (See quot. 1856. Cf. strike v. 14.)
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [adjective] > selected by striking a number from panel
struck1856
1856 J. Bouvier Law Dict. U.S.A. Struck Jury, a special jury selected by striking from the pannel of jurors, a certain number by each party, so as to leave a number required by law to try the cause.
1902 W. A. Linn Story of Mormons 308 A struck jury was obtained.
b. struck-off: of persons in certain professions, debarred from practising by having one's name deleted from the register of those qualified. Cf. strike v. 13b, to strike off at Phrasal verbs.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > [adjective] > debarred > from practising a profession
struck-off1963
1963 Sunday Express 27 Jan. 23/3 A struck-off doctor—now a dope addict.
1972 E. Routley Puritan Pleasures of Detective Story ii. vii. 74 An unexpected meeting with a struck-off solicitor turned private detective.
1976 E. Ward Hanged Man xxix. 189 Are you really a doctor?.. You sound like a struck-off vet.
6. Of a measure: Levelled with a strickle. = stricken adj. 5, striked adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > [adjective] > made flat or level > of a measure
stricken1495
striked1581
struck1866
1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. x. 168 Nine struck bushels are reckoned as equal to eight heaped.
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 245 Struck, level full; strickle measure.
7. Of a plant: That has put forth roots, rooted.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > [adjective] > having taken root
rootfastlOE
rooteda1393
under-rooted1485
struck1856
1856 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Flower Garden 172 Pot off your struck chrysanthemums.
8. In various industrial arts.
a. Impressed with a device by means of a die.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > coining > [adjective] > coined
coinedc1400
forgedc1405
ykoyned1423
strucken1596
minted1598
struck1881
society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > [adjective] > with a stamp or device
incuse1818
struck1881
date-stamped1896
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > in specific way
foliate1626
foileda1680
galvanized1839
struck1881
Bonderized1932
hot-dipped1935
prefinished1935
1881 A. Watt Mech. Industries 190 Another..branch of cheap jewellery manufacture consists in what is called ‘struck’ work. Thin sheet gold alloy of various qualities is struck by means of a die into any desired form, by which a hollow shell is obtained; this is then filled by fusing into it a quantity of silver solder.
1886 B. V. Head in L. Jewitt's Eng. Coins & Tokens 128 Modern casts made from ancient struck originals... The lettering and the types on cast coins are also less sharply defined than on struck coins.
b. Electrometallurgy. (See quot. 1881.)
ΚΠ
1881 A. Watt Sci. Industries II. 150 It is necessary that the article should be struck,..that is, receive an immediate coating directly after immersion, when deposition may be allowed to progress more slowly.
1909 Houston Dict. Elect. in Cent. Dict. Suppl.
c. (See quot. 1895.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > smoked
reeked1597
smoked1603
fumed1612
bloated1648
smoke-dried1653
struck1895
1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Struck fish, fish saturated with salt and then smoked.
d. struck up: (of tinware) raised or fashioned by means of a press.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [adjective] > made of tin > type of tinware
struck up1875
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2466/1 Other swages operate in drop or lever presses upon sheet-metal; forming the struck-up tinware, such as pie-pans, [etc.].
e. struck joint n. (Building): a joint in which the mortar between two courses of bricks is sloped inwards so as to be flush with the surface of one but below that of the other.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > types of joint
tenon and mortise1610
mortise and tenon1631
meeting1663
rustic1728
white joint1758
ground-joint1793
flat joint1825
hick-joint1842
perpend1867
struck joint1876
tuck-joint1879
1876 Notes Building Constr. II. xiii. 219 Struck Joints should be formed by pressing back the upper portion of the joint while the mortar is moist, so as to form a sloping surface which throws off the wet.
1948 Archit. Rev. 104 20 (caption) Brick external walls are finished in buff face brick with struck joints.
1978 S. Martin Build your Own House (ed. 7) v. 75 The flush joint and the struck weathered joint are formed with a trowel.
9. Of, pertaining to, or affected by an industrial strike. Chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [adjective] > relating to strike
struck1894
1894 S. Webb & B. Webb Hist. Trade Unionism ii. 80 Finding that the yarn was for a ‘struck shop’.
1937 N.Y. Times 16 June 1/6 The Republic Steel Corporation..asked for a mandamus writ to compel Postmaster General Farley..to deliver to people in its struck plants ‘all matter properly mailable’.
1939 Sun (Baltimore) 21 July 2/6 60,000 butchers in retail shops would refuse to handle ‘struck products’.
1947 Sun (Baltimore) 14 Oct. 24/1 The league said it would withdraw its charges.., provided the union would delete its ‘closed shop’ and ‘struck work’ clauses.
1962 Aeroplane 12 Apr. 16/1 Since 1958 the same eight airlines..have had a mutual aid agreement whereby a ‘struck’ company receives from the others any excess revenues attributable to the strike, less additional expenses.
1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. b5/3 Men and women who make a living by working on struck newspapers.
1977 Time 27 June 35/2 Not since World War II, when President Roosevelt threatened to call out the armed forces to reopen struck mines, has the union played such an important role in the nation's well-being.

Compounds

struck-blind adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [adjective] > blind > blinded
excecate?1520
excecated?1550
blinded1595
struck-blind?1611
bissoneda1640
occaecated1661
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads v. 300 It..made th' Heroe stay His strooke-blind temples on his hand.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1903adj.1597
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