stringentadj.

/ˈstrɪndʒənt/

Etymology: < Latin stringentem, present participle of stringĕre, to draw together, bind tight, also to touch lightly, graze.

1. Astringent, constrictive, styptic, esp. with reference to taste. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > astringent

stypticc1400

austere?a1425

Pontic?a1425

harshc1440

styptical1528

unmild1566

stringent1605

styptive1640

restringent1683

subastringent1788

puckery1833

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 149 Vitriol [giveth] a stiptic or a stringent taste.

1614 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet (ed. 2) i. xxxi. 72 Bitter Grapes are colde and stringent.

1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. O6 What down doth dive Into the straitned Cuspis needs must strive With stringent bitternesse, vexation, Anxious unrest.

1858 R. C. Trench Synonyms New Test. (1877) xiv. 46 Harsh and stringent to the palate, as..unripe fruit, and the like.

2. That draws or binds tight; tightly enfolding or compressing. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [adjective] > binding > tightly

stringent1736

1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 188 The serpents, twisting round, their stringent folds Inextricable tie.

1849 J. Kitto Daily Bible Illustr. I. xii. ii. 395 The twisted bags were perhaps used to subject the grapes to a further and more stringent pressure, after being taken from the foot-press.

1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 135 I slept..with a stringent and profound slumber which not even the nightmares that wrung me could avail to break.

1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 39 Adding to slavery's chain the stringent twist.

3. Of reasoning: that compels assent, convincing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > strong, convincing

strongc1405

substantial1419

pregnant?a1475

pregnablea1500

vehement1530

pungent1619

stringent1653

1653 H. More Antidote against Atheism in Coll. Philos. Writings (1712) ii. vi. 58 But I have dwelt too long upon this Theory; we'll betake our selves to..what is more unexceptionably stringent and forcing.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Stringent, forcing, forceable, as To maintain a Truth in a stringent Way.

1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xvii. 46 Mr Johnson's argument was not the less stringent because his idioms were vulgar.

a. Of regulations, procedure, requirements, obligations, etc.: rigorous, strict, thoroughgoing; rigorously binding or coercive.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > strict or severe (of rules, judgement, or discipline)

strongeOE

starkc1175

sharpa1340

strait1390

unrelaxed1508

exacta1538

severe1562

strict1578

weightya1616

stringent1846

ramrod1850

medieval1917

tough1961

1846 F. W. Newman Let. in Sieveking Mem. (1909) 142 Nothing less severe..would brace England up to the stringent remedies which alone can save that country [Ireland].

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 235 A more stringent test was now added.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 480 They imagined that they had devised a most stringent limitation of the royal power.

1868 M. Pattison Suggestions Acad. Organisation iv. 106 The other professors are under more stringent requirements to teach.

1884 Manch. Examiner 2 May 4/7 It will need a stringent clause to guard against this abuse.

b. ? Rigorously urgent upon.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. ii. 420 Readers may consider how stringent upon Friedrich that question now was, and how ticklish to solve.

5. Of the money-market: tight. Cf. stringency n.In later U.S. dictionaries.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > [adjective] > state or condition of money market

stiff1845

tight1846

stringent1870

1870 J. K. Medbery Men & Myst. Wall St. v. 69 Money is ‘very active’, and the loan market ‘stringent’.

1891 in Cent. Dict.

6. Fortification = rasant adj. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [adjective] > guiding lines

stringent1673

rasant1691

magistral1828

1673 J. Moore Mod. Fortification 18 The Line coming from the Point of the Bastion..and drawn upon the face..to the Curtain..is called the Line stringent, and shews how much of the Curtain..will clear or scour the Face.

1711 Mil. & Sea Dict. (ed. 4) at Line Line Razant, Stringent or Flanking, or Second Flank.

Derivatives

ˈstringently adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adverb] > with conviction

pregnantlya1438

unagainsayablyc1449

groundedly1546

undeniably1646

evincingly1656

stringently1659

convictively1664

society > authority > strictness > [adverb]

straitlyc1290

cruellyc1430

districtly1570

astrictly1584

strictly1651

stringently1866

ironly1895

1659 H. More Immortality of Soul ii. ii. 129 That the former part is false I shall now demonstrate, by proving more stringently, That [etc.].

1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. viii. 204 A clever, frank, good-natured egoist; not stringently consistent, but without any disposition to falsity.

1884 Manch. Examiner 2 Dec. 5/1 The principle of population has been applied more stringently than was at first proposed.

ˈstringentness n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > [noun] > binding quality

stringentness1727

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Stringentness, binding Quality.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	stringent
释义	stringentadj. /ˈstrɪndʒənt/ Etymology: < Latin stringentem, present participle of stringĕre, to draw together, bind tight, also to touch lightly, graze. 1. Astringent, constrictive, styptic, esp. with reference to taste. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > astringent stypticc1400 austere?a1425 Pontic?a1425 harshc1440 styptical1528 unmild1566 stringent1605 styptive1640 restringent1683 subastringent1788 puckery1833 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 149 Vitriol [giveth] a stiptic or a stringent taste. 1614 W. B. tr. Philosophers Banquet (ed. 2) i. xxxi. 72 Bitter Grapes are colde and stringent. 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. O6 What down doth dive Into the straitned Cuspis needs must strive With stringent bitternesse, vexation, Anxious unrest. 1858 R. C. Trench Synonyms New Test. (1877) xiv. 46 Harsh and stringent to the palate, as..unripe fruit, and the like. 2. That draws or binds tight; tightly enfolding or compressing. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [adjective] > binding > tightly stringent1736 1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 188 The serpents, twisting round, their stringent folds Inextricable tie. 1849 J. Kitto Daily Bible Illustr. I. xii. ii. 395 The twisted bags were perhaps used to subject the grapes to a further and more stringent pressure, after being taken from the foot-press. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 135 I slept..with a stringent and profound slumber which not even the nightmares that wrung me could avail to break. 1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 39 Adding to slavery's chain the stringent twist. 3. Of reasoning: that compels assent, convincing. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > strong, convincing strongc1405 substantial1419 pregnant?a1475 pregnablea1500 vehement1530 pungent1619 stringent1653 1653 H. More Antidote against Atheism in Coll. Philos. Writings (1712) ii. vi. 58 But I have dwelt too long upon this Theory; we'll betake our selves to..what is more unexceptionably stringent and forcing. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Stringent, forcing, forceable, as To maintain a Truth in a stringent Way. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xvii. 46 Mr Johnson's argument was not the less stringent because his idioms were vulgar. 4. a. Of regulations, procedure, requirements, obligations, etc.: rigorous, strict, thoroughgoing; rigorously binding or coercive. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > strict or severe (of rules, judgement, or discipline) strongeOE starkc1175 sharpa1340 strait1390 unrelaxed1508 exacta1538 severe1562 strict1578 weightya1616 stringent1846 ramrod1850 medieval1917 tough1961 1846 F. W. Newman Let. in Sieveking Mem. (1909) 142 Nothing less severe..would brace England up to the stringent remedies which alone can save that country [Ireland]. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 235 A more stringent test was now added. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 480 They imagined that they had devised a most stringent limitation of the royal power. 1868 M. Pattison Suggestions Acad. Organisation iv. 106 The other professors are under more stringent requirements to teach. 1884 Manch. Examiner 2 May 4/7 It will need a stringent clause to guard against this abuse. b. ? Rigorously urgent upon.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. ii. 420 Readers may consider how stringent upon Friedrich that question now was, and how ticklish to solve. 5. Of the money-market: tight. Cf. stringency n.In later U.S. dictionaries. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > [adjective] > state or condition of money market stiff1845 tight1846 stringent1870 1870 J. K. Medbery Men & Myst. Wall St. v. 69 Money is ‘very active’, and the loan market ‘stringent’. 1891 in Cent. Dict. 6. Fortification = rasant adj. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [adjective] > guiding lines stringent1673 rasant1691 magistral1828 1673 J. Moore Mod. Fortification 18 The Line coming from the Point of the Bastion..and drawn upon the face..to the Curtain..is called the Line stringent, and shews how much of the Curtain..will clear or scour the Face. 1711 Mil. & Sea Dict. (ed. 4) at Line Line Razant, Stringent or Flanking, or Second Flank. Derivatives ˈstringently adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adverb] > with conviction pregnantlya1438 unagainsayablyc1449 groundedly1546 undeniably1646 evincingly1656 stringently1659 convictively1664 society > authority > strictness > [adverb] straitlyc1290 cruellyc1430 districtly1570 astrictly1584 strictly1651 stringently1866 ironly1895 1659 H. More Immortality of Soul ii. ii. 129 That the former part is false I shall now demonstrate, by proving more stringently, That [etc.]. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. viii. 204 A clever, frank, good-natured egoist; not stringently consistent, but without any disposition to falsity. 1884 Manch. Examiner 2 Dec. 5/1 The principle of population has been applied more stringently than was at first proposed. ˈstringentness n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > [noun] > binding quality stringentness1727 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Stringentness, binding Quality. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1605
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