stress testn.

Brit.

/ˈstrɛs tɛst/, U.S.

/ˈstrɛs ˌtɛst/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stress n., test n.¹

Etymology: < stress n. + test n.¹

1. A test designed to assess or measure the effect on a material of greater than normal amounts of mechanical stress or pressure, esp. to the point of deformation or destruction; (also, in wider use) a test designed to assess the physical strength or durability of a device, construction, product, etc., when subjected to mechanical stress, extremes of temperature, simulated prolonged use, etc. Frequently with qualifying word indicating the type or method of testing.In wider use, not always distinct from sense 3a.

ΚΠ

1887 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 124 302 The Transverse Stress tests[sc. of timber] were made in the Transverse testing machine of the Messrs. Fairbanks.

1909 Times Engin. Suppl. 3 Mar. 1/3 The stress tests are made in machines which apply a load..until the test piece [of steel] fails by cracking or breaking.

1922 Technologic Papers Bureau of Standards 16 200 The 28 chilled-iron car wheels..were subjected to a special thermal stress test approximating severe service conditions.

1947 J. Marin Static & Dynamic Creep Properties Laminated Plastics (U.S. National Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., Techn. Note No. 1105) 32 Three types of repeated stress tests were made—repeated tension followed by a test to rupture in tension, repeated compression followed by a test to rupture in compression, and repeated tension followed by a test to rupture in compression.

2017 J. Lawson & J. Erjavec Basic Exper. Strategies & Data Anal. Sci. & Engin. ii. 25 A stress test where several samples of cadmium plated steel were stressed in a hydrogen environment at high pressure.

2. Medicine. A test designed to assess the functional capacity of an organ or organ system of the body under conditions that require increased or maximal work; esp. a test of cardiovascular function typically performed by monitoring an individual's electrocardiogram during a period of exercise, usually on a treadmill.

ΚΠ

1937 E. J. Stieglitz in Med. Clin. N. Amer. 21 284 It [sc. the urea concentration test] is definitely a ‘stress test’ and reveals early impairment.

1955 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health Service) 70 89/1 The diagnosis of coronary heart disease was made in 27 cases... Three cases were discovered solely through the use of the stress test.

2009 New Yorker 1 June 38/3 Today, the cardiologist said, she would get a stress test, an echocardiogram, a mobile Holter monitor, and maybe even a cardiac catheterization.

a. A test used to assess the functional capacity or limits of a process, system, etc.

ΚΠ

1980 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. d19 ‘I put it through a stress test’, he said, explaining that this was part of a preventive maintenance program for an I.B.M. customer.

1991 Water Environm. & Techol. 3 69/2 Before stress tests [of a wastewater treatment system] could begin, measuring tapes were installed..to ensure accurate recording of water levels and flows.

2008 Wall St. Jrnl. 27 May b7/4 Executives have performed stress tests on the site to see how much extra traffic it can handle. Extra servers are ready in case of overload.

2011 New Yorker 17 Oct. 61/2 The Japanese government ordered an initial round of stress tests—simulated disasters—for most of the nation's nuclear reactors.

b. spec. A test designed to determine whether a bank or other financial institution is likely to fail or have serious problems given difficult economic conditions, and to ensure that it is adequately prepared for such a crisis.

ΚΠ

1986 National Thrift News 22 Dec. 34/1 Once the institution passes the stress test, it undergoes a six part qualitative analysis.

2009 Jrnl. Business Ethics 87 121/1 It requires banks to carry out ‘stress tests’..by calculating how much capital would be needed in a crisis.

2014 London Evening Standard 14 Aug. 50/4 Banks rein in credit ahead of stress tests this autumn.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	stress test
释义	stress testn. Brit. /ˈstrɛs tɛst/, U.S. /ˈstrɛs ˌtɛst/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stress n., test n.¹ Etymology: < stress n. + test n.¹ 1. A test designed to assess or measure the effect on a material of greater than normal amounts of mechanical stress or pressure, esp. to the point of deformation or destruction; (also, in wider use) a test designed to assess the physical strength or durability of a device, construction, product, etc., when subjected to mechanical stress, extremes of temperature, simulated prolonged use, etc. Frequently with qualifying word indicating the type or method of testing.In wider use, not always distinct from sense 3a. ΚΠ 1887 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 124 302 The Transverse Stress tests[sc. of timber] were made in the Transverse testing machine of the Messrs. Fairbanks. 1909 Times Engin. Suppl. 3 Mar. 1/3 The stress tests are made in machines which apply a load..until the test piece [of steel] fails by cracking or breaking. 1922 Technologic Papers Bureau of Standards 16 200 The 28 chilled-iron car wheels..were subjected to a special thermal stress test approximating severe service conditions. 1947 J. Marin Static & Dynamic Creep Properties Laminated Plastics (U.S. National Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., Techn. Note No. 1105) 32 Three types of repeated stress tests were made—repeated tension followed by a test to rupture in tension, repeated compression followed by a test to rupture in compression, and repeated tension followed by a test to rupture in compression. 2017 J. Lawson & J. Erjavec Basic Exper. Strategies & Data Anal. Sci. & Engin. ii. 25 A stress test where several samples of cadmium plated steel were stressed in a hydrogen environment at high pressure. 2. Medicine. A test designed to assess the functional capacity of an organ or organ system of the body under conditions that require increased or maximal work; esp. a test of cardiovascular function typically performed by monitoring an individual's electrocardiogram during a period of exercise, usually on a treadmill. ΚΠ 1937 E. J. Stieglitz in Med. Clin. N. Amer. 21 284 It [sc. the urea concentration test] is definitely a ‘stress test’ and reveals early impairment. 1955 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health Service) 70 89/1 The diagnosis of coronary heart disease was made in 27 cases... Three cases were discovered solely through the use of the stress test. 2009 New Yorker 1 June 38/3 Today, the cardiologist said, she would get a stress test, an echocardiogram, a mobile Holter monitor, and maybe even a cardiac catheterization. 3. a. A test used to assess the functional capacity or limits of a process, system, etc. ΚΠ 1980 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. d19 ‘I put it through a stress test’, he said, explaining that this was part of a preventive maintenance program for an I.B.M. customer. 1991 Water Environm. & Techol. 3 69/2 Before stress tests [of a wastewater treatment system] could begin, measuring tapes were installed..to ensure accurate recording of water levels and flows. 2008 Wall St. Jrnl. 27 May b7/4 Executives have performed stress tests on the site to see how much extra traffic it can handle. Extra servers are ready in case of overload. 2011 New Yorker 17 Oct. 61/2 The Japanese government ordered an initial round of stress tests—simulated disasters—for most of the nation's nuclear reactors. b. spec. A test designed to determine whether a bank or other financial institution is likely to fail or have serious problems given difficult economic conditions, and to ensure that it is adequately prepared for such a crisis. ΚΠ 1986 National Thrift News 22 Dec. 34/1 Once the institution passes the stress test, it undergoes a six part qualitative analysis. 2009 Jrnl. Business Ethics 87 121/1 It requires banks to carry out ‘stress tests’..by calculating how much capital would be needed in a crisis. 2014 London Evening Standard 14 Aug. 50/4 Banks rein in credit ahead of stress tests this autumn. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.1887
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