acerbityn.

Brit.

/əˈsəːbᵻti/, U.S.

/əˈsərbədi/

Forms: 1500s acerbite (Scottish), 1500s–1600s acerbitie, 1600s– acerbity.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French acerbité.

Etymology: < Middle French, French acerbité harshness, cruelty of character (c1328), sourness of taste (1611 in Cotgrave; compare quot. 1611 at sense 2) < classical Latin acerbitāt- , acerbitās harshness of taste, sourness, severity, cruelty, asperity, satyrical quality, painful experience, suffering, distress, bitterness, ill feeling < acerbus acerb adj. + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan acerbitat (15th cent.), Spanish acerbidad (16th cent.), Portuguese acerbidade (1619), Italian acerbitá (a1308).

1. Bitterness and sharpness of character, manner, speech, etc. Also: an instance of this; a harsh experience or comment.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [noun]

gallc1175

sourness1482

fellc1494

acerbitya1538

tartness1548

acrimony1597

verjuice1598

vinegara1616

acidness1660

asperity1664

thorniness1674

acidity1687

acerbitude1727

acridity1753

vitriol1769

souredness1858

a1538 W. Holme Fall & Euill Successe Rebellion (1572) sig. I.iij^v Addict algoes in acerbitie acclamant.

a1582 G. Buchanan Let. in Vernac. Writings (1892) 58 Thai ar in consultation to mitigat sum part the acerbite of certaine wordis.

1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. iv. 411 I yet among so many acerbityes sucke some sweetnesse out of the world.

1677 I. Barrow Serm. Passion 14 We may imagine what acerbity of pain must be endured by our Lord.

1784 H. Cowley Bold Stroke for Husband (London ed.) v. iii. 74 I like the little acerbities which flow from quick spirits, and a consciousness of power.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. ix. 97 A spell that can soften the acerbity of political warfare.

1877 E. J. Worboise Our New House xiv. 214 There was an acerbity in her tone that made me feel extremely uncomfortable.

1907 E. von Arnim Fräulein Schmidt xxxi. 105 I have apparently..developed something of the acerbity of an aunt.

1948 ‘R. Crompton’ Family Roundabout xxii. 246 That explained the faint hint of acerbity that underlay the pleasantness of his manner.

1990 W. Pritchard Randall Jarrell v. 139 Both of them revered Bernard Shaw's music criticism for its combination of wit, acerbity, and fiercely argued judgments.

1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Nov. 36/3 There is much to be said against indulging in golden-ageism whereby the acerbities and absurdities of the past disappear into the glow of nostalgia.

2. Sourness or harshness of taste, mingled with bitterness or astringency. In early use also: †toxicity (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > bitterness or acridity

gallc1175

smartnessa1425

rhubarba1529

acrimony1542

acridity1547

amaritude1599

acerbity1608

acrity1619

asperity1620

acritude1650

acridness1702

bitterishness1702

crabbedness1715

acerbitude1727

amarulence1727

bitterness-

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 299 While they sucke in the iuyce of that tree, the acerbitie and strength of the venom is abated.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Acerbité, acerbitie, sharpnesse, sourenesse.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 113 By reason of their acerbity, they are soone offensiue to the teeth.

1799 in B. Dawson Philologia Anglicana (1806) Fruit, especially unripe fruit, has a degree of acerbity in it.

1814 Edinb. Rev. 23 118 Salt communicates an unpleasant acerbity to substances.

1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood x. 67 Oranges were revealed, attended by a mighty japanned sugar-box, to temper their acerbity if unripe.

1950 Amer. Speech 25 177 Lemancholy, sportively or otherwise used for melancholy (allusive to a lemon's acerbity).

1991 Food & Wine Apr. 82/3 The foods to look for are ones that can play off the olive acerbity of these textured, always tannic reds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	acerbity
释义	acerbityn. Brit. /əˈsəːbᵻti/, U.S. /əˈsərbədi/ Forms: 1500s acerbite (Scottish), 1500s–1600s acerbitie, 1600s– acerbity. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French acerbité. Etymology: < Middle French, French acerbité harshness, cruelty of character (c1328), sourness of taste (1611 in Cotgrave; compare quot. 1611 at sense 2) < classical Latin acerbitāt- , acerbitās harshness of taste, sourness, severity, cruelty, asperity, satyrical quality, painful experience, suffering, distress, bitterness, ill feeling < acerbus acerb adj. + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Catalan acerbitat (15th cent.), Spanish acerbidad (16th cent.), Portuguese acerbidade (1619), Italian acerbitá (a1308). 1. Bitterness and sharpness of character, manner, speech, etc. Also: an instance of this; a harsh experience or comment. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [noun] gallc1175 sourness1482 fellc1494 acerbitya1538 tartness1548 acrimony1597 verjuice1598 vinegara1616 acidness1660 asperity1664 thorniness1674 acidity1687 acerbitude1727 acridity1753 vitriol1769 souredness1858 a1538 W. Holme Fall & Euill Successe Rebellion (1572) sig. I.iij^v Addict algoes in acerbitie acclamant. a1582 G. Buchanan Let. in Vernac. Writings (1892) 58 Thai ar in consultation to mitigat sum part the acerbite of certaine wordis. 1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. iv. 411 I yet among so many acerbityes sucke some sweetnesse out of the world. 1677 I. Barrow Serm. Passion 14 We may imagine what acerbity of pain must be endured by our Lord. 1784 H. Cowley Bold Stroke for Husband (London ed.) v. iii. 74 I like the little acerbities which flow from quick spirits, and a consciousness of power. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. ix. 97 A spell that can soften the acerbity of political warfare. 1877 E. J. Worboise Our New House xiv. 214 There was an acerbity in her tone that made me feel extremely uncomfortable. 1907 E. von Arnim Fräulein Schmidt xxxi. 105 I have apparently..developed something of the acerbity of an aunt. 1948 ‘R. Crompton’ Family Roundabout xxii. 246 That explained the faint hint of acerbity that underlay the pleasantness of his manner. 1990 W. Pritchard Randall Jarrell v. 139 Both of them revered Bernard Shaw's music criticism for its combination of wit, acerbity, and fiercely argued judgments. 1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Nov. 36/3 There is much to be said against indulging in golden-ageism whereby the acerbities and absurdities of the past disappear into the glow of nostalgia. 2. Sourness or harshness of taste, mingled with bitterness or astringency. In early use also: †toxicity (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > bitterness or acridity gallc1175 smartnessa1425 rhubarba1529 acrimony1542 acridity1547 amaritude1599 acerbity1608 acrity1619 asperity1620 acritude1650 acridness1702 bitterishness1702 crabbedness1715 acerbitude1727 amarulence1727 bitterness- 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 299 While they sucke in the iuyce of that tree, the acerbitie and strength of the venom is abated. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Acerbité, acerbitie, sharpnesse, sourenesse. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 113 By reason of their acerbity, they are soone offensiue to the teeth. 1799 in B. Dawson Philologia Anglicana (1806) Fruit, especially unripe fruit, has a degree of acerbity in it. 1814 Edinb. Rev. 23 118 Salt communicates an unpleasant acerbity to substances. 1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood x. 67 Oranges were revealed, attended by a mighty japanned sugar-box, to temper their acerbity if unripe. 1950 Amer. Speech 25 177 Lemancholy, sportively or otherwise used for melancholy (allusive to a lemon's acerbity). 1991 Food & Wine Apr. 82/3 The foods to look for are ones that can play off the olive acerbity of these textured, always tannic reds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1538
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