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单词 acerbic
释义

acerbicadj.

Brit. /əˈsəːbɪk/, U.S. /əˈsərbɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin acerbus , -ic suffix.
Etymology: < classical Latin acerbus acerb adj. + -ic suffix. Compare earlier acerb adj. 2.
Of speech, manner, or temper: bitter and sharp; forthright and cutting. Later also in literal sense of food or flavour: astringently sour or harsh-tasting.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > severe or stern
wrothc893
retheeOE
stithc897
starkOE
sternOE
hardOE
dangerous?c1225
sharpa1340
asperc1374
austerec1384
shrewda1387
snella1400
sternful?a1400
unsterna1400
dour?a1425
piquant1521
tetrical1528
tetric1533
sorea1535
rugged?1548
severe1548
hard-handed1611
Catonian1676
tetricous1727
heavy1849
acerbic1853
stiff1856
Catonic1883
tough1905
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [adjective]
heavyc825
retheeOE
stithc897
hardeOE
starkOE
sternOE
dangerous?c1225
sharp?c1225
unsoftc1275
sturdy1297
asperc1374
austerec1384
shrewda1387
snella1400
sternful?a1400
dour?a1425
thrallc1430
piquant1521
tetrical1528
tetric1533
sorea1535
rugged?1548
severe1548
iron1574
harsh1579
strict1600
angry1650
Catonian1676
Draconic1708
tetricous1727
alkaline1789
acerbic1853
stiff1856
acerbate1869
acerbitous1870
Draconian1876
Catonic1883
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [adjective]
bitter?c1225
sour?c1225
envenomedc1375
envenomousa1420
crabbed1565
gallish1595
verjuice1598
vinegar-tart1599
soury1647
acrid1681
acrious1682
sourish1688
embittered1694
subacid1760
verjuiced1836
acidulent1837
vinaigrous1837
vinegar1847
vinegary1847
soured1848
acerbic1853
acidulous1865
acerbate1869
acerbitous1870
snake-headed1920
sour-pussed1952
1853 G. W. M. Reynolds Mysteries of Court of London V. 366/2 ‘Ah! you were something like myself in those times, my lord,’ said Marston bitterly; ‘too fond of the gaming-table!’ ‘And Lady Petersfield!’ continued the nobleman, not heeding the Baronet's acerbic interjection.
1865 N. Brit. Daily Mail 4 Dec. 2/3 Exaggerated notions are entertained now-a-days regarding the gloomy acerbic nature of Sabbath observance among the ancient Jews.
a1898 W. C. Brann Wks. (1919) X. 29 As a historian Puck is about as reliable as Mark Twain's acerbic old sea captain.
1949 Jrnl. Southern Hist. 15 336 Despite wistful demands for a toning down of bitter partisanship, a more acerbic note was to be heard in many a critic's judgments of his fellow writers.
1976 Economist 13 Mar. 33 As defeat in Florida came closer,..his speeches grew less polite and more acerbic.
1990 Friends of Wine Spring 31/2 Destemming prior to crushing impedes the development of any acerbic or ‘stalky’ flavors.
1997 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 14 Sept. 9 Jeffrey Bernard, the Spectator columnist who became a legend in his own lunchtime for his Soho drinking habits, dissolute life and acerbic wit.
2003 S. Brown Free Gift Inside! 229 According to the acerbic stand-up comedian George Carlin, contemporary American society suffers from a debilitating disease called ‘yestermania’.

Derivatives

aˈcerbically adv.
ΚΠ
1934 L. Mumford Technics & Civilization vi. 301 The machine, which acerbically denied the flesh, was offset by the flesh, which denied the rational, the intelligent, the orderly processes of behavior.
1973 Times Lit. Suppl. 30 Mar. 340/1 An uproariously funny, but at the same time acerbically satirical farce about South African life.
2002 NFT Programme Booklet Mar. 21/2 Cinematically, the least of Olivier's three Shakespeares, but it does preserve his acerbically powerful Dick Crookback for the generations.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.1853
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